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Activation characteristics of candidate structural materials for a near-term Indian fusion reactor and the impact of their impurities on design considerations

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第6期20卷 186-193页

作者： H L SWAMI c DANANI A k SHAW Institute for Plasma Research Gandhinagar Gujarat 382428 India Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) Anushaktinagar Mumbai 400094 India

Activation analyses play a vital role in nuclear reactor *** analyses,along with nuclear analyses,provide important information for nuclear safety and maintenance *** analyses also help in the selection of materials for a nuclear reactor,by providing the radioactivity and dose rate levels after *** information is important to help define maintenance activity for different parts of the reactor,and to plan decommissioning and radioactive waste disposal *** study of activation analyses of candidate structural materials for near-term fusion reactors or ITER is equally essential,due to the presence of a highenergy neutron environment which makes decisive demands on material *** study comprises two parts; in the first part the activation characteristics,in a fusion radiation environment,of several elements which are widely present in structural materials,are *** reveals that the presence of a few specific elements in a material can diminish its feasibility for use in the nuclear *** second part of the study concentrates on activation analyses of candidate structural materials for near-term fusion reactors and their comparison in fusion radiation *** structural materials selected for this study,***-specific Reduced Activation Ferritic-Martensitic steel（IN-RAFMS）,P91-grade steel,stainless steel 316 LN ITER-grade（SS-316 LN-IG）,stainless steel 316 L and stainless steel 304,are candidates for use in ITER either in vessel components or test blanket *** is also included in this study because of its use for ITER plasma-facing *** study is carried out using the reference parameters of the ITER fusion *** activation characteristics of the materials are assessed considering the irradiation at an ITER equatorial *** presence of elements like Nb,Mo,co and Ta in a structural material enhance the activity level as well as the dose level,which has an

关键词： activation EASY nuclear safety fusion reactor structural materials

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Experimental investigation of hypersonic flight-duplicated shock tunnel characteristics

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第3期37卷 422-433,I0002页

作者： c k.Yuan Z.L.Jiang Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China

Hypersonic air-breathing propulsion is one of the key techniques for future aviation and the ground aerodynamic testing for full scale test models with sufficient test time at flight conditions is of fundamental importance for verifying hypersonic air-breathing *** on the backward detonation-driven concept,the hypersonic flight-duplicated shock tunnel(or JF-12 shock tunnel)has been successfully constructed and *** facility is capable of reproducing airflow for Mach numbers ranging from 5 to 9 at an altitude of 25-50 km,with a test duration of more than 100 *** quantify the performance of the shock tunnel,experiments were conducted to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the test flows and the effects of several critical techniques that play important roles in the operation of the shock *** stagnation pressure was constant within士5%and the average stagnation pressure varied by less than 0.048%/*** variation of the stagnation pressure in repeated experiments is less than 2.0%,indicating the good repeatability of the wind *** non-uniformity of the Mach number in the core flow field at the nozzle exit was within士2.5%.Additional,a uniform flow field is established upstream of the nozzle *** axial gradients of the flow field are small since the Mach number varies less than 1.7%/*** regarding the ignition technology,diaphragm ruptures,detonation driver capacity,incident shock-wave decay,and tunnel operation mode are also *** findings of this study are not only helpful for operating the shock tunnel,but can also assist the future development of hypersonic wind tunnels.

关键词： Hypersonics Shock tunnels Flow characteristics

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consortium for the Human Information and Neurocognitive Endophenotype (cHINE) in china's Mainland: An example from neurological soft signs for neuropsychiatric disorders

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chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第32期56卷 3409-3415页

作者： cHAN Raymond c k Neuropsychology and Applied cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Increasing efforts to identify alternate expressions of neuropsychiatric disorders that are broader than the DSM or IcD diagnostic criteria needed to diagnose them reflects a growing consensus that multidimensional expressions of neuropsychiatric disorders may advance the search for underlying etiological or modulatory factors. Endophenotypic research can be considered to be one of the most promising strategies to bridge the gap between genomic complexity and the phenotypic heterogeneity observed in neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the majority of endophenotype studies were limited to our western counterparts, very little has been done and initiated by scholars in china's Mainland. In this paper, we urge the need to establish a potential central consortium for endophenotypes to study neuropsychiatric disorders in china's Mainland. In particular, we illustrate a potential example of neurological soft signs in following the steps for building the consortium.

关键词：精神障碍中国大陆神经茅根信息人力多维表达式 IcD

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Improving maintenance efficiency and safety through a human-centric approach

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Advances in Manufacturing 2021年第1期9卷 104-114页

作者： c.Y.Siew S.k.Ong A.Y.c.Nee Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of Singapore28 Medical DriveSingapore 117456Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117576Singapore

This paper presents an adaptive human-machine interface(HMI)that can provide appropriate sets of digital maintenanceinformation and guidance to an operator during *** takes into consideration the expertise level of the operator and the maintenance context and *** proposed human-centric methodology considers the heart rate,intention,and expertise level of the operator,which can be captured using sensors during maintenance.A set of rules is formulated based on the sensor data to infer the state of the operator during a maintenance *** on the operator state,the adaptive HMI can augment the operator's senses using a scheme that combines visual,audio,and haptic guidance cues during maintenance to enhance the operator's ability to perceive information and perform maintenance *** schemes of visual,audio,and haptic cues are developed based on a comparison of the best practices obtained from experienced operators.

关键词： Augmented reality(AR) Ergonomics Product development Maintenance

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Allelopathic effect of Acorus tatarinowii upon algae

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第4期13卷 481-484页

作者： He, c.-q. Wang, c.-k. Dept. of Environmental Science/Eng. Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 China

Besides competing with algae for light and mineral nutrients (i. e. N, P, etc.), the root system of Acorus tatarinowii excretes some chemical substances, which injure and eliminate alga cells, to inhibit the growth of the algae. When the algae cells were treated in 'A. tatarinowii water', some of the chlorophyll a were destroyed and the photosynthetic rate of algae decreased markedly and the ability of alga cells to deoxidize triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTc) reduced greatly. Then alga cells turned from bright red to bluish green under fluorescence microscope. These showed that the allelopathic effects of A. tatarinowii on algae were obvious and planting A. tatarinowii can control some green algae. The experiment on the extractions of the secretions of the root system showed that the inhibitory effect had a concentration effect. If the concentration of the root secretion was below 30 μl/disc, the inhibitory rate was negative; if it was over 45 μl/disc, the inhibitory rate was positive. This proved that the influence of the root secretion on the same acceptor was a kind of concentration effect. When the concentration of the root secretion was low, it promoted the growth of algae; when the concentration reached a definite threshold value, it restrained the growth of algae. In present case, the threshold value was between 30 μl/disc and 45 μl/disc.

关键词： Algae cells chlorophyll concentration (process) Deoxidants Photosynthesis

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Evaluation and management of the child with hypothyroidism

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第2期15卷 124-134页

作者： Alexander k.c.Leung Alexander A.c.Leung Department of Pediatrics The University of Calgaryand The Alberta Children's Hospital#200233-16th Avenue NWCalgaryAB T2M 0H5Canada Department of Medicine The University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada

Background Thyroid hormones are critical for early neurocognitive development as well as growth and development throughout *** recognition and treatment of hypothyroidism is,therefore,of utmost importance to optimize physical and neurodevelopmental *** sources A PubMed search was completed in clinical Queries using the key terms 'hypothyroidism'.Results Hypothyroidism may be present at birth (congenital hypothyroidism) or develop later in life (acquired hypothyroidism).Thyroid dysgenesis and dyshormonogenesis account for approximately 85% and 15% of permanent cases of congenital primary hypothyroidism,*** than 95% of infants with congenital hypothyroidism have few,if any,clinical manifestations of *** screening programs allow early detection of congenital *** developed countries,Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common cause of goiter and acquired hypothyroidism in children and ***,iodine deficiency associated with goiter is the most common cause of *** hypothyroidism is uncommon and may be associated with other congenital syndromes and deficiencies of other pituitary *** of the clinical features would allow prompt diagnosis and institution of *** To optimize neurocognitive outcome in infants with congenital hypothyroidism,treatment with levothyroxine should be started as soon as possible,preferably within the first 2 weeks of *** with acquired hypothyroidism should also be treated early to ensure normal growth and development as well as cognitive *** target is to keep serum TSH cific reference range,with elimination of all symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism.

关键词： Dysgenesis Dyshormonogenesis Hashimoto thyroiditis Hypothyroidism Iodine deficiency Levothyroxine Mental retardation Stunted growth

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Pushover analysis of reinforced concrete frames considering shear failure at beam-column joints

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2013年第3期12卷 373-383页

作者： Y.c.Sung T.k.Lin c.c.Hsiao M.c.Lai Bridge Division Center for Research on Earthquake EngineeringTaipei University of Technology (NTUT) chiao Tung University Taipei University of Technology (NTUT)

Since most current seismic capacity evaluations of reinforced concrete （Rc） frame structures are implemented by either static pushover analysis （PA） or dynamic time history analysis, with diverse settings of the plastic hinges （PHs） on such main structural components as columns, beams and walls, the complex behavior of shear failure at beam-column joints （BcJs） during major earthquakes is commonly neglected. This study proposes new nonlinear PA procedures that consider shear failure at BcJs and seek to assess the actual damage to Rc structures. Based on the specifications of FEMA-356, a simplified joint model composed of two nonlinear cross struts placed diagonally over the location of the plastic hinge is established, allowing a sophisticated PA to be performed. To verify the validity of this method, the analytical results for the capacity curves and the failure mechanism derived from three different full-size Rc frames are compared with the experimental measurements. By considering shear failure at BcJs, the proposed nonlinear analytical procedures can be used to estimate the structural behavior of Rc frames, including seismic capacity and the progressive failure sequence of joints, in a precise and effective manner.

关键词： Rc frame beam-column joint pushover analysis capacity curve plastic hinge performance-based seismic evaluation

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Structural changes of a Tropical cyclone during Landfall: β-plane Simulations

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2010年第5期27卷 1143-1150页

作者： k.c.SZETO Johnny c.L.cHAN School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong

This study investigated the effects of landfall on the structure of a tropical cyclone （Tc）. Numerical simulations were performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model on a β-plane. Two landfall experiments, one with an east–west and another with a north–south oriented coastline, were performed. Similar to previous studies on an f-plane, large-scale flows in the low-to-middle troposphere were modified due to friction. A pair of counter rotating gyres was found, which was shown to be consistent with the slight deffection of the Tc relative to the control experiment without land. compared to previous f-plane simulations, because of the inherent asymmetries due to the β-gyres, the large-scale pattern of flows and convergences/divergences related to friction were found to depend on coastline orientations. On the other hand, regardless of the coastline orientation, convergences were found to be stronger to the left for both cases near landfall, as in previous f-plane simulations. Such a convergence pattern subsequently induced a change in convection and rainfall at the eyewall.

关键词： tropical cyclone landfall numerical simulations

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Ballistic current induced effective force on magnetic domain wall

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Nano-Micro Letters 2009年第1期1卷 34-39页

作者： c.Wang k.Xia Department of Physics Beijing Normal University

The collective dynamics of magnetic domain wall under electric current is studied in the form of spin transfer torque(STT). The out-of-plane STT induced effective force is obtained based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert(LLG) equation including microscopic STT terms. The relation between microscopic calculations and collective description of the domain wall motion is established. With our numerical calculations based on tight binding free electron model, we find that the non adiabatic out-of-plane torque components have considerable non-local properties. It turns out that the calculated effective forces decay significantly with increasing domain wall widths.

关键词： Magnetic domain Spin Transfer torque Spintronics First principle study

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Modern treatment of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第46期18卷 6720-6728页

作者： kevin k Roggin Mitchell c Posner Department of Surgery Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare mesenchymal smooth muscle sarcomas that can arise anywhere within the gastrointestinal tract. Sporadic mutations within the tyrosine kinase receptors of the interstitial cells of cajal have been identified as the key molecular step in GIST carcinogenesis. Although many patients are asymptomatic, the most common associated symptoms include: abdominal pain, dyspepsia, gastric outlet obstruction, and anorexia. Rarely, GIST can perforate causing life-threatening hemoperitoneum. Most are ultimately diagnosed on cross-sectional imaging studies (i.e., computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging in combination with upper endoscopy. Endoscopic ultrasonographic localization of these tumors within the smooth muscle layer and acquisition of neoplastic spindle cells harboring mutations in the c-kIT gene is pathognomonic. curative treatment requires a complete gross resection of the tumor. Both open and minimally invasive operations have been shown to reduce recurrence rates and improve long-term survival. While there is considerable debate over whether GIST can be benign neoplasms, we believe that all GIST have malignant potential, but vary in their propensity to recur after resection and metastasize to distant organ sites. Prognostic factors include location, size (i.e., > 5 cm), grade (> 5-10 mitoses per 50 high power fields and specific mutational events that are still being defined. Adjuvant therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib mesylate, has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrence after one year of therapy. Treatment of locally-advanced or borderline resectable gastric GIST with neoadjuvant imatinib has been shown to induce regression in a minority of patients and stabilization in the majority of cases. This treatment strategy potentially reduces the need for more extensive surgical resections and increases the number of patients eligible for curative therapy. The modern surgical treatment of

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumors Laparoscopic resections of gastrointestinal stromal tumors Imatinib mesylate Gastrectomy

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