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MOSS:An Open Conversational Large Language Model

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第5期21卷 888-905页

作者： Tianxiang Sun Xiaotian Zhang Zhengfu He Peng Li Qinyuan Cheng Xiangyang Liu Hang Yan Yunfan Shao Qiong Tang Shiduo Zhang xingjian Zhao Ke Chen Yining Zheng Zhejian Zhou ruixiao Li Jun Zhan Yunhua Zhou Linyang Li Xiaogui Yang Lingling Wu Zhangyue Yin Xuanjing Huang Yu-Gang Jiang Xipeng Qiu Fudan University Shanghai200438China

Conversational large language models(LLMs)such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 have recently exhibited remarkable capabilities across various domains,capturing widespread attention from the *** facilitate this line of research,in this paper,we report the development of MOSS,an open-sourced conversational LLM that contains 16 B parameters and can perform a variety of instructions in multi-turn interactions with *** base model of MOSS is pre-trained on large-scale unlabeled English,Chinese,and code *** optimize the model for dialogue,we generate 1.1 M synthetic conversations based on user prompts collected through our earlier versions of the model *** then perform preference-aware training on preference data annotated from AI *** results on real-world use cases and academic benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed *** addition,we present an effective practice to augment MOSS with several external *** the development of MOSS,we have established a complete technical roadmap for large language models from pre-training,supervised fine-tuning to alignment,verifying the feasibility of chatGPT under resource-limited conditions and providing a reference for both the academic and industrial *** weights and code are publicly available at https://***/OpenMOSS/MOSS.

关键词： Large language models natural language processing pre-training alignment chatGPT MOSS

中国式乡村治理现代化的研究热点与前沿动态——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

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热带农业工程 2024年第1期48卷 64-70页

作者：杨兴建重庆医科大学马克思主义学院重庆400016

运用CiteSpace软件可视化分析2001~2023年乡村治理现代化的样本数据。结果表明,中国乡村治理现代化的时序发文量呈现逐年上升趋势;研究作者空间分布以零星分散为主,线状合作为辅;研究机构大多数处于游离分散状态;研究热点主要集中在逻... 详细信息

运用CiteSpace软件可视化分析2001~2023年乡村治理现代化的样本数据。结果表明,中国乡村治理现代化的时序发文量呈现逐年上升趋势;研究作者空间分布以零星分散为主,线状合作为辅;研究机构大多数处于游离分散状态;研究热点主要集中在逻辑阐释、转型建构、多重困境、实践路径等方面。未来乡村治理现代化研究应推动多元主体合作,加强研究力量;拓宽学科视角,创新研究方法;强化问题意识,深化研究内容。

关键词：乡村治理现代化 citespace 可视化分析

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经学知识融入中华民族历史观教育的实现路径

山西高等学校社会科学学报 2024年第9期36卷 52-56,63页

作者：腾兴建安徽大学历史学院安徽合肥230039

在儒家经典及历代经学家对经典的阐释即经学中,不仅记录着先秦时期中华民族交往、交流、交融的历史,而且蕴含着丰富的中华民族精神,应该成为中华民族历史观教育的重要内容。在传统的历史叙事和现今的教材体系都难以阐明中华民族交往、... 详细信息

在儒家经典及历代经学家对经典的阐释即经学中,不仅记录着先秦时期中华民族交往、交流、交融的历史,而且蕴含着丰富的中华民族精神,应该成为中华民族历史观教育的重要内容。在传统的历史叙事和现今的教材体系都难以阐明中华民族交往、交流、交融历史的情况下,将经学知识融入中华民族历史观教育显得尤为重要。教师自己要深入学习和掌握儒家典籍中关于民族史的内容,深入挖掘大学生历史观教育同经学知识的契合点,并努力将中华民族历史观教育的相关史料和理论进行收集整合,开设以中华民族发展史为主线,以经学知识为中心,包含社会学、民族学等多学科知识在内的选修课,集中系统讲授中华民族发展史,使学生全面理解中华民族历史的发展脉络,树立正确的中华民族历史观。

关键词：中华民族历史观经学民族精神历史观教育民族融合

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车联网环境下车辆上匝道元胞自动机仿真模拟

运筹与管理 2024年第4期33卷 140-146页

作者：陈群杨诗瑶薛行健中南大学交通运输工程学院湖南长沙410075 中南林业科技大学风景园林学院湖南长沙410004

为了验证车联网下的交通效率与安全水平,针对高水平车联网下的车辆上匝道过程进行了元胞自动机仿真。针对主道为双车道的上匝道场景,在换道规则上提出了协同换道规则,改进了强制换道规则,从而建立了考虑安全距离和互联性的元胞自动机模... 详细信息

为了验证车联网下的交通效率与安全水平,针对高水平车联网下的车辆上匝道过程进行了元胞自动机仿真。针对主道为双车道的上匝道场景,在换道规则上提出了协同换道规则,改进了强制换道规则,从而建立了考虑安全距离和互联性的元胞自动机模型。并模拟了智能网联车与普通人工车混合排列下的交通效率与安全状况。当车流密度较大时,不同车辆排列方式的指标值差异显著。在交通效率方面,当智能网联车渗透率高时,出流量较大且平均速度在20m/s处聚集。说明智能网联车对交通效率有积极影响,而普通人工车的长队列对交通效率有消极作用。在交通安全方面,碰撞时间与临界指数函数值的分布结果均表明,混行情况下智能网联车形成的长队列有利于交通安全,而普通人工车的聚集对交通安全不利。

关键词：匝道元胞自动机仿真车联网

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网络安全视域下技术勒索安全治理路径探析

网络空间安全 2024年第4期15卷 295-299页

作者：涂兴建中国人民公安大学

[目的/意义]互联网技术的不断发展，带动了社会经济的快速发展，也给人民的生活带来极大的便利，同时一些依靠网络勒索软件所进行的违法犯罪活动也迅猛滋生。这些犯罪活动不仅严重地危害了网络空间安全，也严重地扰乱了社会秩序，造成... 详细信息

[目的/意义]互联网技术的不断发展，带动了社会经济的快速发展，也给人民的生活带来极大的便利，同时一些依靠网络勒索软件所进行的违法犯罪活动也迅猛滋生。这些犯罪活动不仅严重地危害了网络空间安全，也严重地扰乱了社会秩序，造成巨额的经济损失。有必要通过分析技术勒索的发展现状、态势、治理困境及其对社会经济的影响，进一步探讨在法律、技术、监管等方面综合治理的策略。[方法/过程]在对当前技术勒索相关资料进行整合的基础上，概括其发展现状及态势，并分析治理困境，相应地提出解决对策。[结果/结论]技术勒索犯罪形势严峻，对各种行业、不同地域以及个人生活的威胁无处不在。针对此类违法犯罪行为，应当从技术创新、法律规制、提高公众意识、促进情报技术共享以及加强数字货币监管方面，实现对技术勒索行为的有效治理。

关键词：网络安全技术勒索综合治理运作机制网络空间治理

基于特征模型的5阶关节伺服系统扰动补偿策略

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兵工学报 2024年第1期45卷 276-287页

作者：张天艺郑颖裘信国季行健金晓航浙江工业大学机械工程学院浙江杭州310014

针对工业机器人关节伺服系统负载时变和模型不确定性问题,提出将线性扩张状态观测器和基于特征模型的全系数自适应控制相结合的控制策略。建立双惯量柔性关节动力学模型并得到关节伺服系统5阶扩张状态方程。基于该模型设计5阶线性扩张... 详细信息

针对工业机器人关节伺服系统负载时变和模型不确定性问题,提出将线性扩张状态观测器和基于特征模型的全系数自适应控制相结合的控制策略。建立双惯量柔性关节动力学模型并得到关节伺服系统5阶扩张状态方程。基于该模型设计5阶线性扩张状态观测器,通过该观测器估计系统总扰动并进行扰动补偿,并证明观测器收敛性。基于特征建模的方法,通过实验数据和梯度下降法对特征参数进行辨识,并基于参数值设计全系数自适应控制律,将该控制律结合线性扩张状态观测器设计一种控制策略,对系统进行精确控制。实验结果表明,新的控制策略使系统在变负载扰动工况下的定位精度达到0.003°,正弦信号跟踪误差保持在0.92°以内,系统具有较强的鲁棒性和控制精度。

关键词：关节伺服系统 5阶线性扩张状态观测器特征建模全系数自适应控制扰动补偿

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Microfluidics for cell-cell interactions： A review

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 90-98页

作者： rui Li Xuefei Lv xingjian Zhang Omer Saeed Yulin Deng School of Life Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

Micro fluidic chip has been applied in various biological fields owing to its low-consumption of reagents, high throughput, fuidic controllability and integrity. The well-designed microscale intermediary is also ideal for the study of cell biology. Particularly, microfluidic chip is helpful for better understanding cell-cell interactions. A general survey of recent publications would help to generalize the designs of the co-culture chips with different features. With ingenious and combinational utilization, the chips facilitate the implementation of some special coculture models that are highly concerned in a different spatial and temporal way.

关键词： microfluidic chip co-culture cell-cell interactions review

The X-structure/mechanism approach to beneficial nonlinear design in engineering

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第7期43卷 979-1000页

作者： xingjian JING Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina

Nonlinearity can take an important and critical role in engineering systems,and thus cannot be simply ignored in structural design,dynamic response analysis,and parameter selection.A key issue is how to analyze and design potential nonlinearities introduced to or inherent in a system under *** is a must-do task in many practical applications involving vibration control,energy harvesting,sensor systems,robotic technology,*** paper presents an up-to-date review on a cutting-edge method for nonlinearity manipulation and employment developed in recent several years,named as the X-structure/mechanism *** method is inspired from animal leg/limb skeletons,and can provide passive low-cost high-efficiency adjustable and beneficial nonlinear stiffness(high static&ultra-low dynamic),nonlinear damping(dependent on resonant frequency and/or relative vibration displacement),and nonlinear inertia(low static&high dynamic)individually or *** X-structure/mechanism is a generic and basic structure/mechanism,representing a class of structures/mechanisms which can achieve beneficial geometric nonlinearity during structural deflection or mechanism motion,can be flexibly realized through commonly-used mechanical components,and have many different forms(with a basic unit taking a shape like X/K/Z/S/V,quadrilateral,diamond,polygon,etc.).Importantly,all variant structures/mechanisms may share similar geometric nonlinearities and thus exhibit similar nonlinear stiffness/damping properties in ***,they are generally flexible in design and easy to *** paper systematically reviews the research background,motivation,essential bio-inspired ideas,advantages of this novel method,the beneficial nonlinear properties in stiffness,damping,and inertia,and the potential applications,and ends with some remarks and conclusions.

关键词： nonlinear stiffness nonlinear damping nonlinear inertia vibration

Abiotic transformation of synthetic progestins in representative soil mineral suspensions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 375-388页

作者： xingjian Yang rui Wang Zhili He Xiong Dai Xiuping Jiang He Liu Yongtao Li College of Natural Resources and Environment Joint Institute for Environment&EducationSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental ScienceMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510655China

Altrenogest(ALT),drospirenone(DRO),and melengestrol acetate(MLA)are three highly potent synthetic progestins that can be released into agricultural soils,while their fate in soil minerals remains *** study explored the transformation of these progestins in MnO_(2),SiO_(2),and ferrihydrite suspensions and identified their transformation products(TPs)via high resolution mass spectrometry and density functional theory *** were only observed for DRO and MLA in SiO_(2) suspension and ALT in MnO_(2) suspension(half-lives=0.86 min–9.90 day).ALT transformation was facilitated at higher MnO_(2) loadings,while DRO and MLA transformations were inhibited at higher SiO_(2) *** data indicated that hydrophobic partitioning interactionwas dominant at higher SiO_(2) loadings rather than specific interaction,which limited subsequent surface-catalyzed *** transformation rate decreased with increasing pH because MnO_(2) reduction requires proton *** contrast,relatively high pH facilitated MLA and DRO transformation,indicating that base-catalyzed hydrolysis occurred in SiO_(2) *** clustermap demonstrated the formation of abundant *** ring and acetoxy group hydrolysis was the major transformation pathway for DRO and MLA,with estimated yields of 57.7%and 173.2%at 6 day,*** experienced C12 hydroxylation and formed the major TP 326g(yield of 15.4%at 8 hr).ALT also experienced allyl group oxidation and subsequent C5 hydroxylation,forming the major TP 344a(yield of 14.1%at 8 hr).This study demonstrates that TPs ofmetastable progestins are likely the main species in soils and that TP identification is a particular priority for risk assessment.

关键词： Altrenogest Drospirenone Melengestrol acetate Transformation products Hydrolysis Oxidation