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Investigation and Mitigation of Carbon Deposition over Copper Catalyst during Electrochemical CO_(2)Reduction

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第4期2卷 151-160页

作者： Jing-Wen DuanMu Zhi-Zheng wu fei-yue Gao Peng-Peng Yang zhuang-zhuang Niu Yu-Cai Zhang Li-Ping Chi min-rui Gao Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Copper(Cu)is considered to be the most effective catalyst for electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into value-added hydrocarbons,but its stability still faces considerable ***,we report the poisoning effect of carbon deposition during CO_(2)reduction on the active sites of Cu electrodea critical deactivation factor that is often *** find that,*C,an intermediate toward methane formation,could desorb on the electrode surface to form carbon *** reveal a strong correlation between the formation of methane and the carbon deposition,and the reaction conditions favoring methane production result in more carbon *** deposited carbon blocks the active sites and consequently causes rapid deterioration of the catalytic *** further demonstrate that the carbon deposition can be mitigated by increasing the roughness of the electrode and increasing the pH of the *** work offers a new guidance for designing more stable catalysts for CO_(2)reduction.

关键词： carbon deposition roughness in situ spectrum CO_(2)electroreduction copper catalyst

Characterization of a pangolin SARS-CoV-2-related virus isolate that uses the human ACE2 receptor

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1502-1513页

作者： Luo-Yuan Xia xue-Feng Wang Xiao-ming Cui Yi-ming Zhang Zhen-fei Wang En-Tao Li Chang-Fa Fan Ke Song Yuan-Guo Li run-Ze Ye Fang-Xu Li Dai-Yun Zhu Jie Zhang zhuang-zhuang Shi ming-Zhu Zhang Liang-Jing Li Shi-Jing Shen Song Jin Ya-Wei Zhang Wei-Guang Fu Lin Zhao Wen-Hao Wang Tie-Cheng Wang You-Chun Wang Jia-Fu Jiang Yan-Ling Hu Na Jia Yu-Wei Gao wu-Chun Cao Institute of EcoHealth School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Changchun 130122China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijing 100071China Division of Animal Model Research Institute for Laboratory Animal ResourcesNational Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijing 102629China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 102629China Life Sciences Institute Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530020China College of Life Sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Research Unit of Discovery and Tracing of Natural Focus Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100071China

Various SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses have been increasingly identified in pangolins,showing a potential threat to *** we report the infectivity and pathogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2-related virus,PCoV-GX/P2V,which was isolated from a Malayan pangolin(Manis javanica).PCoV-GX/P2V could grow in human hepatoma,colorectal adenocarcinoma cells,and human primary nasal epithelial *** replicated more efficiently in cells expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(hACE2)as SARS-CoV-2 *** intranasal inoculation to the hACE2-transgenic mice,PCoV-GX/P2V not only replicated in nasal turbinate and lungs,but also caused interstitial pneumonia,characterized by infiltration of mixed inflammatory cells and multifocal alveolar *** population immunity established by SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination may not protect people from PCoV-GX/P2V *** findings further verify the hACE2 utility of PCoV-GX/P2V by in vivo experiments using authentic viruses and highlight the importance for intensive surveillance to prevent possible cross-species transmission.

关键词： pangolin SARS-CoV-2-related virus infectivity pathogenicity human cell lines human ACE2 receptor hACE2-transgenic mice

Frontiers in high entropy alloys and high entropy functional materials

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 4639-4776页

作者： Wen-Tao Zhang Wen Huang Fu-Jie Yu Qi Zhao Xin-Dong Zhu Tao Feng Yao Jiang Xiao-ming Li xue-fei Miao He Zhu Si Lan xue-Qian Wang Bao-Long Shen Zhe Jia Feng-Qi Zhang Wei Wang Qi Liu Yang Ren Xun-Li Wang Xiao-Ya Cui Xiao-Yang Wang Ya-Nan Chen Bing-Bing Fan Meng-ru Li Qi-Long Gao Jia-ming Guo Zeng-Bao Jiao Zhi-min Guo Yu-Ping Zhao Qian Yu rui Huang Ling-Kun Zhang Yi-Ping Lu Xu-Bo Li Huai-Jun Lin Yan Ma Wei-ming Yang Zhi-Hua Shen Hai-Yan He Yong-Gang Sun Yong-Jiang Huang De-zhuang Wang Qing-Feng Liu fei-Yang Wang Hui Liu Hong-Hui wu Li-Qiang Wang Yang Lu Nan Wang Tian-Li Wang Wei-Bing Liao Yi-Han Wang Yuan wu Yu-Zhen Yin Jie Pan Yi Zhang Qing Wang Jian-Yang Zhang Tao Yang Yasir Sohail Jin-Yu Zhang Hua Ji Qiang Li Wei-Di Liu Zhi-Gang Chen Xiong-Jun Liu Wen Ma Liang Mao Zhen-Duo wu School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southeast University Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University Department of Mechanical Engineering Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology (Liaoning Province) School of Materials Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistance and Functional Materials Jinan University School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and Technology School of Physical Sciences Great Bay University School of Materials Science andEngineering Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Research Institute for Carbon Neutrality University of Science and Technology Beijing Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong School of Computing Macquarie University Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Institute of materials Shanghai University Department of Materials Science and Engineering C

Owing to their exceptional properties, high-entropy alloys(HEAs) and high-entropy materials have emerged as promising research areas and shown diverse applications. Here,the recent advances in the field are comprehensively reviewed,organized into five sections. The first section introduces the background of HEAs, covering their definition, significance,application prospects, basic properties, design principles, and microstructure. The subsequent section focuses on cutting-edge high-entropy structural materials, highlighting developments such as nanostructured alloys, grain boundary engineering,eutectic systems, cryogenic alloys, thin films, micro-nano-lattice structures, additive manufacturing, high entropy metallic glasses, nano-precipitate strengthened alloys, composition modulation, alloy fibers, and refractory systems. In the following section, the emphasis shifts to functional materials, exploring HEAs as catalysts, magneto-caloric materials, corrosion-resistant alloys, radiation-resistant alloys, hydrogen storage systems, and materials for biomedicine. Additionally, the review encompasses functional high-entropy materials outside the realm of alloys, including thermoelectric, quantum dots, nanooxide catalysts, energy storage materials, negative thermal expansion ceramics,and high-entropy wave absorption materials. The paper concludes with an outlook, discussing future directions and potential growth areas in the field. Through this comprehensive review,researchers, engineers, and scientists may gain valuable insights into the recent progress and opportunities for further exploration in the exciting domains of high-entropy alloys and functional materials.

关键词： Cutting-edge structural materials Cutting-edgefunctional materials High entropy alloys

Temporality-enhanced knowledge memory network for factoid question answering

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018年第1期19卷 104-115页

作者： Xin-yu DUAN Si-liang TANG Sheng-yu ZHANG Yin ZHANG Zhou ZHAO Jian-ru xue yue-ting zhuang fei wu College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University School of Information Management Wuhan University Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi'an Jiaotong University

Question answering is an important problem that aims to deliver specific answers to questions posed by humans in natural *** to efficiently identify the exact answer with respect to a given question has become an active line of *** approaches in factoid question answering tasks typically focus on modeling the semantic relevance or syntactic relationship between a given question and its corresponding *** of these models suffer when a question contains very little content that is indicative of the *** this paper,we devise an architecture named the temporality-enhanced knowledge memory network(TE-KMN) and apply the model to a factoid question answering dataset from a trivia competition called quiz *** most of the existing approaches,our model encodes not only the content of questions and answers,but also the temporal cues in a sequence of ordered sentences which gradually remark the ***,our model collaboratively uses external knowledge for a better understanding of a given *** experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves better performance than several state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Question answering Knowledge memory Temporality interaction

含热不稳定成分的中药临方浓缩水丸制备工艺选择研究

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中国中药杂志 2024年第3期49卷 618-624页

作者：薛爱乐田文秀李文杰郑敏悦吴飞洪燕龙上海中医药大学上海中医健康服务协同创新中心上海201203 上海中医药大学创新中药研究院上海201203 中药现代制剂技术教育部工程研究中心上海201203

在临方浓缩水丸制备过程中,处方水煎液需要经过受热浓缩与辅料或者饮片细粉混合制备软材。而部分中药成分受热易分解或转化,因此,为了减少处方中热不稳定活性成分的损失,优选中药临方浓缩水丸的制备工艺,该研究以苓桂术甘方、小承气方... 详细信息

在临方浓缩水丸制备过程中,处方水煎液需要经过受热浓缩与辅料或者饮片细粉混合制备软材。而部分中药成分受热易分解或转化,因此,为了减少处方中热不稳定活性成分的损失,优选中药临方浓缩水丸的制备工艺,该研究以苓桂术甘方、小承气方、散偏方、小儿七星方、逍遥方5个含有热不稳定成分中药的复方为模型处方,基于研究团队前期建立的2种临方浓缩水丸制备技术,分别制备全浸膏浓缩水丸以及零辅料浓缩水丸,进行特征图谱表征,并与全方水煎液特征图谱进行对比。结果表明5个模型处方的零辅料浓缩水丸的特征图谱与全方水煎液接近,其特征峰的数量及峰面积均高于全浸膏浓缩水丸,且部分峰的峰面积高于全方水煎液。提示当处方中含有热不稳定成分的中药时,优先选择“药辅合一”的工艺制备零辅料临方浓缩水丸,以便更大程度地保留热不稳定成分,为后续中药临方丸剂的合理开发和应用提供依据。

关键词：中药临方制剂浓缩水丸特征图谱热不稳定成分制备工艺

MsWRKY33转录调控MsACS2影响紫花苜蓿耐盐性的研究

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草地学报 2024年第1期32卷 54-65页

作者：李心武敬也陈菲儿樊璐马琳王学敏中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所北京100193

乙烯作为重要的植物激素之一,在植物逆境胁迫应答中发挥重要作用。ACS基因是乙烯合成过程中的关键限速酶(ACC合成酶)基因,本研究通过探究紫花苜蓿MsWRKY33转录因子对ACS基因的调控关系,为MsWRKY33参与紫花苜蓿耐盐胁迫响应的具体调控机... 详细信息

乙烯作为重要的植物激素之一,在植物逆境胁迫应答中发挥重要作用。ACS基因是乙烯合成过程中的关键限速酶(ACC合成酶)基因,本研究通过探究紫花苜蓿MsWRKY33转录因子对ACS基因的调控关系,为MsWRKY33参与紫花苜蓿耐盐胁迫响应的具体调控机制奠定理论基础。利用同源克隆、载体构建、酵母单杂交、酵母双杂交、qRT-PCR等技术,验证MsWRKY33对AtACS2和MsACS2的转录调控,并对盐胁迫下转基因株系中MsACS2表达模式进行分析。结果显示:MsWRKY33转录因子可以与W-box元件特异性结合,且对AtACS2和MsACS2具有转录调控作用;MsWRKY33转基因株系中MsWRKY33基因的表达量显著高于对照,转基因株系中MsACS2的表达是在MsWRKY33基因大量表达后呈上升趋势,进一步说明紫花苜蓿MsACS2基因的表达可能受MsWRKY33转录因子的正向调控。因此,紫花苜蓿受到盐胁迫时可诱导MsWRKY33的表达,MsWRKY33转录因子通过正向调控MsACS2表达,可能影响乙烯合成,从而影响紫花苜蓿的盐胁迫响应。

关键词：紫花苜蓿酵母单杂交 MsWRKY33 MsACS2 耐盐性

上海市2016-2022年腹泻病例致泻性大肠埃希菌感染的流行特征与耐药分析

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中华流行病学杂志 2024年第7期45卷 969-976页

作者：丰俊夏佳慧庄源徐桢罗嘉远陈涌费加艺吴艺童吴寰宇陈昕张静陈敏上海市疾病预防控制中心上海200336 上海市虹口区疾病预防控制中心上海200082

目的掌握上海市腹泻病例致泻性大肠埃希菌(DEC)的感染情况、流行病学特征及耐药情况,为后续监测和防控提供数据支撑。方法基于上海市腹泻病综合监测系统收集2016-2022年肠道腹泻门诊病例的流行病学资料,采集粪便标本,开展DEC检测。基于... 详细信息

目的掌握上海市腹泻病例致泻性大肠埃希菌(DEC)的感染情况、流行病学特征及耐药情况,为后续监测和防控提供数据支撑。方法基于上海市腹泻病综合监测系统收集2016-2022年肠道腹泻门诊病例的流行病学资料,采集粪便标本,开展DEC检测。基于国家致病菌识别网系统收集2016-2022年药敏监测数据。统计学分析采用χ^(2)检验或Fisher确切概率法。结果在24883例感染性腹泻患者中,DEC阳性率为9.13%(2271/24883),其中单一致病型DEC阳性率为8.83%(2197/24883),混合致病型DEC阳性率为0.30%(74/24883)。DEC阳性主要型别为肠产毒性大肠埃希菌[4.33%(1077/24883)],以≤5岁组人群的DEC阳性率最高[18.48%(22/119)]。2016-2022年DEC阳性率最高月份为7-9月[5.91%(1470/24883)]。2016-2022年市区和郊区的DEC阳性率分别为9.47%(554/5847)和9.02%(1717/19036),市区和郊区的DEC主要型别分别为肠黏附性大肠埃希菌[3.98%(233/5847)]和肠产毒性大肠埃希菌[4.56%(868/19036)]。2016-2019和2020-2022年DEC阳性率分别为9.42%(1821/19330)和8.10%(450/5553),主要型别分别为肠产毒性大肠埃希菌(4.87%,941/19330)和肠黏附性大肠埃希菌(4.70%,261/5553)。耐药菌株的多重耐药率为40.21%(618/1537)。耐药率较高的前三位药物依次为氨苄西林[64.74%(995/1537)]、萘啶酸[58.49%(899/1537)]和四环素[45.09%(693/1537)]。结论相比于2016-2019年,2020-2022年DEC阳性率下降,主要型别由肠产毒性大肠埃希菌转变为肠黏附性大肠埃希菌。多重耐药现象较严重,建议应加强DEC的耐药性持续监测,同时规范临床抗生素的使用。

关键词：腹泻致泻性大肠埃希菌肠产毒性大肠埃希菌流行特征耐药性

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基于隐写工具的自相关特性进行音频隐写分析

通信学报 2006年第4期27卷 101-106页

作者：汝学民庄越挺吴飞浙江大学计算机学院人工智能研究所浙江杭州310027

基于对同一隐写工具在同一音频载体中嵌入不同加密数据时载体特征量的统计观察,发现隐写工具存在自相关性。由此,提出了一种采用支持向量机对音频信号及其线性预测误差的统计特征进行分类来检测音频隐写的新方法。这种方法不仅能可靠地... 详细信息

基于对同一隐写工具在同一音频载体中嵌入不同加密数据时载体特征量的统计观察,发现隐写工具存在自相关性。由此,提出了一种采用支持向量机对音频信号及其线性预测误差的统计特征进行分类来检测音频隐写的新方法。这种方法不仅能可靠地确定音频文档中秘密信息的存在性,同时还可以确定其所用的隐写工具。针对Hide4PGP、Stegowav和Steghide三种隐写工具的实验结果表明,这种音频隐写分析技术具有良好的性能。

关键词：信息处理隐写分析支持向量机音频线性预测

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基于应变的应变硬化指数演化行为研究

塑性工程学报 2024年第8期31卷 164-170页

作者：崔学习关铂镔周兵营吴向东万敏韩非北京航天试验技术研究所北京100074 中国运载火箭技术研究院空间物理重点实验室北京100076 北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院北京100191 宝山钢铁股份有限公司中央研究院上海201900

为准确描述变形过程中双相高强钢板的应力应变关系,针对3种双相高强钢板应变硬化指数的演化行为进行了试验研究与理论模型预测。借助单向拉伸试验机和自主研发的DIC应变测量系统,获得了3种材料的真实应力-真实应变曲线,基于经典的Hollo... 详细信息

为准确描述变形过程中双相高强钢板的应力应变关系,针对3种双相高强钢板应变硬化指数的演化行为进行了试验研究与理论模型预测。借助单向拉伸试验机和自主研发的DIC应变测量系统,获得了3种材料的真实应力-真实应变曲线,基于经典的Hollomon流动应力模型,得到了其应变硬化指数的演化历程,发现3种材料应变硬化指数与真实应变呈非线性变化关系。为了更好地预测应变硬化指数的演化行为,提出了可以描述其值变化的非线性数学模型,并结合经典的Hollomon流动应力模型,提出了基于n值变化的修正的Hollomon-n流动应力模型,最后通过3种材料的真实应力-真实应变曲线验证了所提出模型的有效性。

关键词：双相高强钢板应变硬化指数数字图像相关法应变演化流动应力模型