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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第4期23卷 458-465页

作者： rocio Ochoa Alfredo Flores Jesus Torres Cinvestav-Saltillo

The aluminothermic reduction of zinc oxide（ZnO） from alkaline battery anodes using molten Al may be a good option for the elaboration of secondary 7000-series alloys. This process is affected by the initial content of Mg within molten Al, which decreases the surface tension of the molten metal and conversely increases the wettability of ZnO particles. The effect of initial Mg concentration on the aluminothermic reduction rate of ZnO was analyzed at the following values： 0.90wt%, 1.20wt%, 4.00t%, 4.25wt%, and 4.40wt%. The ZnO particles were incorporated by mechanical agitation using a graphite paddle inside a bath of molten Al maintained at a constant temperature of 1123 K and at a constant agitation speed of 250 r/min, the treatment time was 240 min and the ZnO particle size was 450？500 mesh. The results show an increase in Zn concentration in the prepared alloys up to 5.43wt% for the highest initial concentration of Mg. The reaction products obtained were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, and the efficiency of the reaction was measured on the basis of the different concentrations of Mg studied.

关键词： aluminothermic reduction alkaline batteries zinc oxide waste utilization aluminum zinc magnesium alloys

Excitatory synapse impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction in Huntington’s disease: heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) converging mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 69-70页

作者： Nicole Zarate rocio Gomez-Pastor Department of Neuroscience School of Medicine University of Minnesota

Heat shock factor 1(HSF1)is abnormally degraded in Huntington’s disease(HD):HD is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by severe cognitive and motor *** is caused by a CAG repeat expansion within exon 1 of the huntingtin(HTT)gene(The Huntington’s Disease Collaborative Research Group,1993).These expansions lead to the production of an aberrant mutant huntingtin protein(mHTT)that is prone to misfolding and *** and aggregation of mHTT is present in virtually all cell types in the body but preferentially affects medium spiny neurons of the striatum,a brain region that controls movement and some forms of *** of mHTT leads to,but not only,transcriptional dysregulation,DNA damage,mitochondrial dysfunction and excitatory synaptic failure ultimately causing neuronal ***,the molecular mechanisms by which mHTT exerts these defects are still unclear.

关键词： Huntington impairment shock

Excretion of biliary compounds during intrauterine life

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第7期15卷 817-828页

作者： rocio IR Macias Jose JG Marin Maria A Serrano Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting CIBERehdUniversity of Salamanca

In adults,the hepatobiliary system,together with the kidney,constitute the main routes for the elimination of several endogenous and xenobiotic compounds into bile and urine,***,during intrauterine life the biliary route of excretion for cholephilic compounds,such as bile acids and biliary pigments,is very *** very early in pregnancy the fetal liver produces bile acids,bilirubin and biliverdin,these compounds cannot be efficiently eliminated by the fetal hepatobiliary system,owing to the immaturity of the excretory machinery in the fetal ***,the potentially harmful accumulation of cholephilic compounds in the fetus is prevented by their elimination across the *** to the presence of detoxifying enzymes and specifi c transport systems at different locations of the placental barrier,such as the endothe-lial cells of chorionic vessels and trophoblast cells,this organ plays an important role in the hepatobiliary-like function during intrauterine *** relevance of this excretory function in normal fetal physiology is evident in situations where high concentrations of biliary compounds are accumulated in the *** may result in oxidative stress and apoptosis,mainly in the placenta and fetal liver,which might affect normal fetal development and challenge the fate of the *** present article reviews current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the hepatobiliary function of the fetal-placental unit and the repercussions of several pathological conditions on this tandem.

关键词： Bile acids Bilirubin Foetus Liver Placenta

Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第37期26卷 5617-5628页

作者： Miguel Jimenez Perez rocio Gonzalez Grande UGC de Aparato Digestivo Unidad de Hepatologia-Trasplante HepaticoHospital Regional Universitario de MalagaMalaga 29010Spain

Although artificial intelligence(AI)was initially developed many years ago,it has experienced spectacular advances over the last 10 years for application in the field of medicine,and is now used for diagnostic,therapeutic and prognostic purposes in almost all *** application in the area of hepatology is especially relevant for the study of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),as this is a very common tumor,with particular radiological characteristics that allow its diagnosis without the need for a histological ***,the interpretation and analysis of the resulting images is not always easy,in addition to which the images vary during the course of the disease,and prognosis and treatment response can be conditioned by multiple *** vast amount of data available lend themselves to study and analysis by AI in its various branches,such as deeplearning(DL)and machine learning(ML),which play a fundamental role in decision-making as well as overcoming the constraints involved in human *** is a form of AI based on automated learning from a set of previously provided data and training in algorithms to organize and recognize *** is a more extensive form of learning that attempts to simulate the working of the human brain,using a lot more data and more complex *** review specifies the type of AI used by the various ***,welldesigned prospective studies are needed in order to avoid as far as possible any bias that may later affect the interpretability of the images and thereby limit the acceptance and application of these models in clinical *** addition,professionals now need to understand the true usefulness of these techniques,as well as their associated strengths and limitations.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Hepatocellular carcinoma Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis

IL-10 and TNF-α promoter haplotypes are associated with childhood Crohn’s disease location

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第30期15卷 3776-3782页

作者： rocio Sanchez Emile Levy Florin Costea Daniel Sinnett Research Center Sainte-Justine University health centerMontreal H3T 1C5Canada Research Center Sainte-Justine University health centerDepartment of NutritionUniversity of MontrealMontreal H3T 1C5Canada Research Center Sainte-Justine University health centerDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of MontrealMontreal H3T 1C5Canada

AIM： To determine the distribution and frequencies of the genotypes and haplotypes of the genes encoding for the glucocorticoid receptor （GR）, the tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α and the interleukin （IL）-10 in childhood Crohn＇s disease （CD） and to assess the impact of the corresponding DNA variants on clinical and disease phenotypes.METHODS： Ten variants in GR, TNF-a and IL-10 were genotyped in 113 childhood CD cases and 95 healthy subjects, both of French-Canadian origin.RESULTS： For the GR polymorphisms （R23K and N363S） and IL-10 variants in the 5＇flanking region （-1082 G 〉 A, -819 T 〉 C and -592 A 〉 C）, no difference was observed in allele and genotype frequencies between CD patients and controls. At the haplotype level, we found three IL-10 haplotypes previously described in Caucasians （GCC, ACC and ATA） and three novel haplotypes only present in IBD patients. When we analyzed the haplotype distribution with the anatomical location of the disease, the GCC haplotype was associated with the colonic and the ACC haplotype with the terminal ileum location, respectively. The genotyping of five polymorphisms in the promoter region of the TNF-α gene （-1031 T 〉 C, -863 A 〉 C, -857 T 〉 C, -308 A 〉 G and -238 A 〉 G） revealed a significant overrepresentation of homozygous -1031 CC among CD patients （OR = 9.9） and an association with the colonic location. For TNF-α, eleven haplotypes were inferred, including two frequent ones, TCCGG and CACGG, which were significantly observed more frequently in controls and cases, respectively.CONCLUSION： This is one of the first studies investigating the association between haplotype structure and disease location in a CD pediatric cohort. Our results will help to increase our understanding of the genetic determinants of childhood CD.

关键词： Haplotype Polymorphism Crohn’s disease Glucocorticoid receptor Interleukin-10 Tumor necrosis factor-α

Morpho-Anatomy of the Echium plantagineum L. (Boraginaceae) Diaspores in Relation with Water Uptake and Germination

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第2期89卷 345-360页

作者： Maria Laura Molinelli rocio Tarifa Patricia Perisse Catedra de Botanica Morfologica Facultad de Ciencias AgropecuariasUniversidad Nacional de CordobaCordobaArgentina

Echium plantagineum(Boraginaceae)is native of the Mediterranean regions,has been introduced and become widespread within the American continent(North to South),South Africa,New Zealand and *** plant has seed dormancy,aggressively spreads to infest vast areas of predominantly agricultural land and is considered a toxic weed to *** objectives of this research were:(i)to study the morpho-anatomy of the diaspores of ***;(ii)to identify the pathway of water uptake;and(iii)to characterize the germination and the *** morpho-anatomical studies were carried out analyzing semi-permanent slides of transverse and longitudinal sections of the fruits,seeds and ***,histochemical and conventional staining techniques by using stereoscopic,optical and scanning electron microscopy were *** the diaspores,the water uptake pathway was determined by fast green staining,germination tests were performed and the morpho-anatomy of seedlings was *** diaspores showed acrescent calyx surrounding the fruit,composed by 4 rough tuberculate *** indehiscent mericarpid encloses an exalbuminous seed with a thin coat and a spatulate embryo with folded *** uptake took place through the vascular trace“protuberance”in the cicatrix of the mericarpid,which triggers the germination *** was epigeal,the cotyledons were photosynthetically active at the emergence,and a rudimentary developed gemmula was *** percentage was 66.5%.The macrosclereids of the pericarp functions as an obstacle to water uptake,which is overcome when the mericarpid is detached from the gynobase,and the protuberance that acts as a water uptake path is exposed,leading to *** morpho-anatomical characteristics of diaspore,explain the successful dispersal for this aggressive weed,and provide important information in relation to the necessary care for its control.

关键词： Echiumplantagineum fruit germination imbibition mericarpid seed

Orthotopic liver transplantation as a rescue operation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第27期14卷 4370-4376页

作者： Zhuo Shao rocio Lopez Bo Shen Guang-Shun Yang Department of Biliary Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200438 China Digestive Disease Center Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH 44195 United States

AIM: To compare post-orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) survival between patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after partial hepatectomy and those who received de novo OLT for HCC and to assess the risk factors associated with post-OLT mortality. METHODS: From July 2003 to August 2005, 77 consecutive HCC patients underwent OLT, including 15 patients with recurrent HCC after partial hepatectomy for tumor resection (the rescue OLT group) and 62 patients with de novo OLT for HCC (the de novo OLT group). Thirty-three demographic, clinical, histological, laboratory, intra-operative and post-operative variables were analyzed. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan- Meier method. Univariable and multivariable analyses were also performed. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 49.0 years. The median follow-up was 20 mo. Three patients (20.0%) in the rescue OLT group and 15 patients (24.2%) in the de novo OLT group died during the follow-up period (P = 0.73). The 30-day mortality of OLT was 6.7% for the rescue OLT group vs 1.6% for the de novo OLT group (P = 0.27). Cox proportional hazards model showed that pre-OLT hyperbilirubinemia, the requirement of post-OLT transfusion, the size of the tumor, and family history of HCC were significantly associated with a higher hazard for mortality. CONCLUSION: There are no significant differences in survival/mortality rates between OLT as de novo therapy and OLT as a rescue therapy for patients with hcc. Pre-OLT hyperbilirubinemia, post-OLT requirement of transfusion, large tumor size and family history of HCC are associated with a poor survival outcome.

关键词： Orthotopic liver transplantation Liver cancer Resection Recurrence Survival

New Precipitation and Temperature Grids for Northern Patagonia： Advances in Relation to Global Climate Grids

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第1期30卷 38-52页

作者： Emilio Bianchi Ricardo Villalba Maximiliano Viale Fleur Couvreux rocio Marticorena instituto nacional de tecnología agropecuaria estación experimental agropecuaria barilocheModesta Victoria 4450BarilocheArgentina consejo nacional de investigaciones científicas y tcnicas Argentina instituto argentino de nivología glaciología y ciencias ambientales-consejo nacional de investigaciones científicas y tcnicasMendozaRuiz LealMendozaArgentina centre national de recherches mtorologiques(cnrm-game) Mdtdo-FranceToulouseFrance autoridad interjurisdiccional de cuencas Argentina

Climate data of mean monthly temperature and total monthly precipitation compiled from different sources in northern Patagonia were interpolated to 20-km resolution grids over the period 1997-2010. This northern Patagonian climate grid （NPCG） improves upon previous gridded products in terms of its spatial resolution and number of contributing stations, since it incorporates 218 and 114 precipitation and temper- ature records, respectively. A geostatistical method using surface elevation from a Digital Elevation Model （DEM） as the ancillary variable was used to interpolate station data into even spaced points. The maps provided by NPCG are consistent with the broad spatial and temporal patterns of the northern Patagonian climate, showing a comprehensive representation of the latitudinal and altitudinal gradients in temperature and precipitation, as well as their related patterns of seasonality and continentality. We compared the per- formance of NPCG and various other datasets available to the climate community for northern Patagonia. The grids used for the comparison included those of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project, ERA- Interim, Climate Research Unit （University of East Anglia）, and University of Delaware. Based on three statistics that quantitatively assess the spatial coherence of gridded data against available observations （bias, MAE, and RMSE）, NPCG outperforms other global grids. NPCG represents a useful tool for understand- ing climate variability in northern Patagonia and a valuable input for regional models of hydrological and ecological processes. Its resolution is optimal for validating data from the general circulation models and working with raster data derived from remote sensing, such as vegetation indices.

关键词： northern Patagonia precipitation temperature co-kriging climate grids Cordillera de los Andes

Well-controlled autoimmune hepatitis treatment withdrawal may be safely accomplished without liver-biopsy guidance

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第4期6卷 284-290,I0002页

作者： John Guirguis Yilien Alonso rocio Lopez William Carey Department of Internal Medicine Blake Medical CenterBradentonFLUSA Department of Gastroenterology Ochsner Health SystemNew OrleansLAUSA Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Digestive Disease Institute Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA

Background:Autoimmune hepatitis may flare up after treatment withdrawal,especially in those who had not achieved histological remission but had normal liver *** European Association for the Study of the Liver(EASL)and the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease(AASLD)Guidelines recommend performing liver biopsy before treatment *** aim of the study is to define the outcome of treatment withdrawal in adults with wellcontrolled disease for 2 years with and without liver-biopsy ***:A retrospective observational study was conducted on biopsy-proven autoimmune hepatitis patients who were treated for 2 years and with persistently normal aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)or nearly so for 6 months prior to treatment *** were:juvenile onset autoimmune hepatitis and prior treatment or use of agents other than corticosteroids and *** primary endpoint was to define freedomfrom flare-ups for 1 year after treatment ***:Thirty-four consecutive subjectsmeeting study criteria were *** withdrawal was accomplished in 24 subjects without liver-biopsy guidance and 10 had pre-treatment withdrawal liver ***,immunosuppressive usage,pre-treatment cirrhosis and pre-treatment liver enzymes were similar between the two groups,and 25%had an enzyme flare-up within 12months after treatment withdrawal,which was similar in the two groups(20.8 vs 30.0%,P=0.57).Conclusions:Adults with autoimmune hepatitis and excellent response to therapy for 2 years are candidates for treatment withdrawal without the need for liver biopsy.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis liver biopsy treatment withdrawal liver enzyme

Correlation of the Rutgeerts score and recurrence of Crohn’s disease in patients with end ileostomy

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Gastroenterology Report 2017年第4期5卷 271-276,I0001,I0002页

作者： Vasutakarn Chongthammakun Andre Fialho Andrea Fialho rocio Lopez Bo Shen Department of Internal Medicine The Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA Department of Quantitative Health Sciences The Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA The Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases The Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA

Background:Recurrence of Crohn’s disease(CD)can occur after surgery,including end ileostomy(EI).The Rutgeerts score(RS)was developed to predict postsurgical CD recurrence via ileocolonoscopy in patients having ileocolonic *** role of ileoscopic evaluation via stoma for assessing recurrence of CD has not been *** aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ileoscopy for predicting disease recurrence in CD patients after EI with the use of ***:A total of 73 eligible CD patients with at least two ileoscopies in our institution following EI were *** inflammation of the neo-terminal ileum was graded based on the *** primary outcomes were the need for endoscopic stricture dilation and subsequent surgery due to recurrence of *** secondary outcomes were CDrelated hospitalization and the need to escalate CD-associated ***:The median duration of CD until EI was 9 years(interquartile range:4-13 years),and themedian duration from EI to the first ileoscopy was 28months(interquartile range:11-93 months).The RSs in the neo-terminal ileum close to EI were calculated,and subjects were divided into two groups:the normal RS group with the score being zero(n=25)and the abnormal RS group with the RS score being(n=48).Patients in the abnormal RS group weremore likely to have recurrence of CD(92%vs 27%)and need endoscopic dilation of stricture(40%vs 10%),subsequent bowel surgery(68%vs 15%),disease-related hospitalizations(80%vs 23%)and escalation of CDmedications(64%vs 25%)than those in the normal RS ***-to-event analysis showed that patients in the abnormal RS group were at a higher risk of endoscopic dilation(odds ratio(OR)=1.5;95%CI:1.09–1.9),need of second bowel surgery(OR=1.5;95% CI:1.2–1.8)and disease-related hospitalizations(OR=1.3;95% CI:1.1–1.6)after adjusting for factors such as duration from surgery to sensor,duration of disease and the patient’s sex(all P<0.001).Further multivariable analysis showed

关键词： Crohn’s disease Rutgeerts score ileoscopy ileostomy recurrence