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Plasticity and stem/progenitor cells in the pituitary growth hormone axis

Plasticity and stem/progenitor cells in the pituitary growth...

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2008北京国际生理科学学术大会

作者： robinson iain caf Division of Molecular Neuroendocrinology MRC National Institute for Medical Researchthe RidgewayMill Hill London NW7 IAAUK

＜正＞Pituitary growth hormone（GH）is released in an episodic pattern in response to signals from the hypothalamic neuropeptide regulators,GH releasing hormone（GHRH）and somatostatin（SRIF）.Whilst the acute regulation of GH release reflects the interplay of these hypothalamic regulators,the major determinant for the long-term output of GH from the pituitary gland is the number and GH synthetic activity of *** is a significant turnover of GH cells in the adult pituitary gland,and large changes are seen in the number and organization of the GH cells in response to physiological demands,*** GH secretion during sexual *** studies using transgenic mice with GH cells tagged with green fluorescent protein have shown that the pituitary cell populations are highly dynamic and show a remarkable degree of plasticity,with both cell number and hormone reserves varying in response to demands at different stages of *** GH cell population increases markedly from birth,mainly in response to GHRH,and the lack of GHRH or its receptor causes profound somatotroph hypoplasia and *** is thus a major extrinsic factor regulating GH cell number,but can only operate on differentiated GH cells expressing GHRH *** marked GH cell plasticity seen in the adult pituitary cannot solely be explained by division of differentiated GH cells,and several lines of evidence suggest the presence of undifferentiated progenitor cells for all the pituitary endocrine cell *** have recently identified a candidate for these cells,characterized by their expression of typical stem cell markers such as Sox2 and Scal,in the undifferentiated *** pituitary precursor cells in Rathke’s pouch are Sox2+ve,and a population of these hormonenegative cells persists amongst the marginal cells lining the remnant of this structure in the pituitary *** cells,isolated from adult mouse pituitary glands,form proliferating Sox2+ve pituispheres in culture

关键词： pituitary growth hormone(GH) GH releasing horone(GHRH) stem/progenitor cells plasticity

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