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Impacts of environmental factors on urban heating

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第12期22卷 1903-1909页

作者： rizwan ahmed Memon Dennis Y.C.Leung Department of Mechanical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong

This study investigated the impact of important environmental variables （i.e., wind speed, solar radiation and cloud cover） on urban heating. Meteorological parameters for fifteen years （from 1990 to 2005）, collected at a well developed and densely populated commercial area （Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong）, were analyzed in details. Urban heat island intensity （UHII）, a well known indicator of urban heating, has been determined as the spatially averaged air-temperature difference between Tsim Sha Tsui and Ta Kwu Ling （a thinly populated rural area with lush vegetation）. Results showed that the UHII and cloud cover have increased by around 9.3% and 4%, respectively, whereas the wind speed and solar radiation have decreased by around 24% and 8.5%, respectively. The month of December experienced the highest UHII （10.2℃） but the lowest wind speed （2.6 m/sec） and cloud cover （3.8 oktas）. Conversely, the month of April observed the highest increases in the UHII （over 100%） and the highest decreases in wind speed （over 40 %） over fifteen years. Notably, the increases in the UHII and reductions in the wind speed were the highest during the night-time and early morning. Conversely, the intensity of solar radiation reduced while the intensity of urban cool island （UCII） increased during solar noon-time. Results demonstrated strong negative correlation between the UHII and wind speed （coefficient of determination, R^2 = 0.8） but no negative correlation between UCII and solar radiation attenuation. A possible negative correlation between UHII and cloud cover was investigated but could not be substantiated.

关键词： urban heat island urban cool island wind speed cloud cover

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Saliency-based framework for facial expression recognition

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第1期13卷 183-198页

作者： rizwan ahmed KHAN Alexandre MEYER Hubert KONIK Saida BOUAKAZ Universite de Lyon CNRSLIRISUMR5205Universite Lyon 1Lyon F-69622France Faculty of Information Technology Barrett Hodgson UniversityKarachi 74900Pakistan Laboratoire Hubert Curien UMR5516Universite Jean MonnetSaint-Etienne 42000France

This article proposes a novel framework for the recognition of six universal facial *** framework is based on three sets of features extracted from a face image:entropy,brightness,and local binary ***, saliency maps are obtained using the state-of-the-art saliency detection algorithm "frequency-tuned salient region detection".The idea is to use saliency maps to determine appropriate weights or values for the extracted features (i.e.,brightness and entropy).We have performed a visual experiment to validate the performance of the saliency detection algorithm against the human visual *** movements of 15 subjects were recorded using an eye-tracker in free-viewing conditions while they watched a collection of 54 videos selected from the Cohn-Kanade facial expression *** results of the visual experiment demonstrated that the obtained saliency maps are consistent with the data on human ***,the performance of the proposed framework is demonstrated via satisfactory classification results achieved with the Cohn-Kanade database,FG-NET FEED database, and Dartmouth database of children's faces.

关键词： facial expression recognition classification salient regions entropy brightness local binary pattern

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Electric-field induced fluctuations in laser generated plasma plume

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第4期23卷 83-89页

作者： rizwan ahmed Abdul JABBAR Zeshan Adeel UMAR Muhammad Aslam BAIG National Centre for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Campus45320 IslamabadPakistan

The effect of an external electric field on laser-generated plasma has been *** is observed that the laser-generated plasma can be used for the ignition of a spark in the presence of a low voltage external electric *** eight-fold emission intensity enhancement in Cu I spectral lines are measured as compared to the signal intensity in the absence of an external electric *** plasma parameters remain the same initially,up to a few microseconds after the generation of plasma,and this feature makes it more interesting for the quantitative analysis of any sample using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS).In the presence of an external electric field,fluctuations(contraction and expansion)in the laser-generated plasma are observed which increase the plasma decay time and consequently result in enhanced signal intensity.

关键词： LIBS laser produced plasma effect of external electric plasma parameters

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A review on the generation, determination and mitigation of Urban Heat Island

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第1期20卷 120-128页

作者： rizwan ahmed Memon DENNIS Y.C. Leung LIU Chunho Department of Mechanical Engineering the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China.

Urban Heat Island （UHI） is considered as one of the major problems in the 21st century posed to human beings as a result of urbanization and industrialization of human civilization. The large amount of heat generated from urban structures, as they consume and re-radiate solar radiations, and from the anthropogenic heat sources are the main causes of UHI. The two heat sources increase the temperatures of an urban area as compared to its surroundings, which is known as Urban Heat Island Intensity （UHII）. The problem is even worse in cities or metropolises with large population and extensive economic activities. The estimated three billion people living in the urban areas in the world are directly exposed to the problem, which will be increased significantly in the near future. Due to the severity of the problem, vast research effort has been dedicated and a wide range of literature is available for the subject. The literature available in this area includes the latest research approaches, concepts, methodologies, latest investigation tools and mitigation measures. This study was carded out to review and summarize this research area through an investigation of the most important feature of UHI. It was concluded that the heat re-radiated by the urban structures plays the most important role which should be investigated in details to study urban heating especially the UHI. It was also concluded that the future research should be focused on design and planning parameters for reducing the effects of urban heat island and ultimately living in a better environment.

关键词： urban heat island (UHI) urbanization temperature rise mitigation

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Optimal Transmission Switching Based on Probabilistic Load Flow for Power System with Large Scale Renewable Energy Integration

Optimal Transmission Switching Based on Probabilistic Load F...

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作者： rizwan ahmed 山东大学

学位级别：硕士

High scale integration of renewable energies has led power system towards a new set of challenges that have increased the complexity of cost optimization ***,forecast errors in the prediction of wind,PV and load greatly affect the accuracy of *** studies have been focused by using optimal transmission switching（OTS）to solve different power system *** renewable sources integration in the power system imposes the uncertainties which change the system state dynamically,and to apply OTS under such conditions is a big *** cater with the above mentioned problem we used probabilistic load flow（PLF）with Gram-Charlier expansion method,to calculate the uncertain condition of the power system and the state of the power ***,Gram-Charlier method has been proposed for solving PLF based OTS for large-scale integration of renewable *** Gram-Charlier Expansion method has been used for forecast error evaluation in order to improve the accuracy of the proposed ***,proposed method use in this work has the fast convergence *** this work,uncertainies of a wind farm along with PV and load are considered as in realistic *** this thesis,the simultaneous optimization of generation dispatch and network topology for PLF based OTS has been *** results evaluations are based on the 24 hours with varying topology structure and cost *** the different time scales,different level of penetration of RES is considered to verify the model effectiveness and system *** justification and benchmarking of the proposed model modified IEEE-118 bus system is *** proposed formulation,uncertainties of the renewable sources can be taken into account to deal with the dynamic behavior of the *** results depict that the proposed approach is quite useful for large-scale power *** introduction of new technologies to create a more controllable and flexible grid is a part

关键词： Renewable Energy Sources Wind Power Generation Optimal Transmission Switching Probabilistic Load Flow Gram-Charlier Expansion

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Fentanyl and xylazine crisis:Crafting coherent strategies for opioid overdose prevention

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 760-766页

作者： Lakshit Jain Jasleen Kaur Shahana Ayub Danya Ansari rizwan ahmed Abdul Qadir Dada Saeed ahmed Department of Psychiatry University of ConnecticutFarmingtonCT 06032United States Addiction Services Division Connecticut Valley HospitalMiddletownCT 06457United States Department of Psychiatry Institute of LivingHartfordCT 06102United States Department of Medicine Islamabad Medical and Dental CollegeIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Medicine Liaquat College of Medicine and DentistryKarachi 75290Pakistan Department of Medicine Trinity School of MedicineRoswellGA 30075United States Addiction Services and Dual Diagnosis Unit Saint Francis Hospital and Medical CenterHartfordCT 06105United States

The United States is in the throes of a severe opioid overdose epidemic,primarily fueled by the pervasive use of fentanyl and the emerging threat of xylazine,a veterinary sedative often mixed with *** high potency and long duration of fentanyl is compounded by the added risks from xylazine,heightening the lethal danger faced by opioid *** such as enhanced surveillance,public awareness campaigns,and the distribution of fentanylxylazine test kits,and naloxone have been undertaken to mitigate this ***-related overdose deaths persist despite these efforts,partly due to inconsistent policies across states and resistance towards adopting harm reduction strategies.A multifaceted approach is imperative in effectively combating the opioid overdose *** approach should include expansion of treatment access,broadening the availability of medications for opioid use disorder,implementation of harm reduction strategies,and enaction of legislative reforms and diminishing stigma associated with opioid use disorder.

关键词： Fentanyl Xylazine Opioid overdose Epidemic Opioid use disorder Buprenorphine Medications for opioid use disorder

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Characteristic features of Super Cyclone ‘AMPHAN’-observed through satellite images

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2021年第1期10卷 16-31页

作者： rizwan ahmed M.Mohapatra Suneet Dwivedi Ram Kumar Giri India Meteorological Department Ministry of Earth SciencesNew DelhiIndia K Banerjee Centre of Atmospheric&Oceanic Studies(KBCAOS) University of Allahabad-AllahabadIndia

Characteristic features of Super Cyclonic Storm(Su CS),AMPHAN which crossed West Bengal-Bangladesh Coast on May 20,2020 have been analyzed based on INSAT-3 D&passive microwave(PMW)images with special emphasis on eye characteristics and its relationship with *** satellite images/products are analyzed to determine the centre of the cyclone,its intensity and the characteristics of the eye of the *** shows the characteristic variation of intensity of Su CS with geometric and thermal characteristics of the‘eye’.Precise changes in the eye features of the cyclone can be used for very short-range forecasting of the intensity of the cyclone.

关键词： Tropical cyclone Intensification Bay of Bengal Eye

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An Evaluation of the Advanced Dvorak Technique (9.0) for the tropical cyclones over the North Indian Ocean

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2021年第4期10卷 201-208页

作者： rizwan ahmed M.Mohapatra Ram Kumar Giri Suneet Dwivedi K Banerjee Centre of Atmospheric&Oceanic Studies(KBCAOS) University of Allahabad-UPIndia India Meteorological Department Ministry of Earth Sciences New DelhiIndia

The Advanced Dvorak Technique(ADT)is used by tropical cyclone prediction centres around the world to accurately evaluate the intensity of tropical cyclones(TCs)from meteorological operational *** algorithm development team has introduced new improvements to the objective ADT to further extend its capabilities and accuracy.A study has therefore undergone to evaluate the new edition of ADT(9.0)based on all the North Indian Ocean Tropical cyclones during 2018,2019 and 2020(Total 15 No.).It is found that ADT(9.0)performed well with the conformity of IMD’s best track *** *** is reasonably good in estimating the intensity for T≥4.0(VSCS to SuCS)and overestimate the intensity for T≤3.5(CS/SCS).

关键词： Tropical cyclone Advanced Dvorak Technique(ADT) Intensity Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal

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Correlation between tibial nail length and olecrenon to 5th metacarpal head measurement: An anthropometric study

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2019年第6期22卷 361-363页

作者： Atmananda Hegde Nabeel Mohammed Naufal rizwan ahmed Department of Orthopaedics Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationMangaloreIndia

Purpose:During fracture fixation,the size of tibial nail is a vital factor affecting the outcomes and thus preoperative estimation of tibial nail length is very *** study aims to find out whether"olecranon to 5th metacarpal head"(O-MH)measurement can be used to reliably predict the tibial nail ***:This was a cross sectional study involving 100 *** were done and recorded by two observers on two separate *** nail length estimation measurement was done from highest point of tibial tuberosity to the tip of the medial malleolus(TT-MM).O-MH measurement was taken from tip of olecranon to the tip of 5th metacarpal head with wrist in neutral position and hand *** analysis was done to find out correlation between two measurements and influence of age,gender and body mass index on ***:Paired t-test showed no systematic error between the *** correlation coefficient showed strong agreement in inter and intra observer *** correlation was found between the TT-MM&O-MH measurements using Pearson's correlation coefficient test(r=0.966).Hierarchical regression analysis showed age,gender and BMI have no statistically significant bearings on these measurements and their ***:O-MH measurement is a useful and accurate means of estimating tibial nail length preoperatively.

关键词： Tibial nail length Olecranon 5th metacarpal head Correlation Accurate estimation

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Characteristics of fog in relation to tropical cyclone intensity: A case study for IGI airport New Delhi

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2021年第3期10卷 170-181页

作者： rizwan ahmed Narendra G.Dhanger Suneet Dwivedi Ram Kumar Giri Prakash Pithani Sachin D.Ghude University of Allahabad-UP India India Meteorological Department Ministry of Earth Sciences New DelhiIndia Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pashan-PuneIndia Andhra University VisakhapatnamAndhra PradeshIndia

Widespread catastrophic fog episodes in polluted northern India have been attributed to tropical cyclone activity in the Bay of Bengal&Arabian Sea;however,limited studies have been conducted on the effect of tropical cyclone intensity(’T’Numbers)on different fog characteristics in Indo Gangetic Basin,Northern *** this study,different characteristics,including persistence,intensity,and areal extension,were analyzed at the Indira Gandhi International Airport,New Delhi during 1998-99,2013-14,and 2016-17.A high-intensity tropical cyclone(Severe to Very Severe Cyclonic Storm)has been found to significantly increase the persistence,intensity,and areal extension of fog by inducing strong subsidence over the IGI Airport/Indo-Gangetic *** knowledge is vital for improving the short-term forecasting of fog in the IndoGangetic Basin of Northern India and will further support the Government agencies to take preventive safety measures and planning well in advance time.

关键词： Fog Tropical cyclone Indo-gangetic basin(IGB) Fog intensity

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