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Skull and vertebral bone marrow in central nervous system inflammation

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 246-250页

作者： Honglei ren Qiang Liu Department of Neurology Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin Institute of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyInternational Joint Laboratory of Ocular DiseasesMinistry of EducationHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin 300052China

Emerging evidence has highlighted the capacity of hematogenous cells in skull and vertebral bone marrow to enter the meningeal borders via ossified vascular channels and maintain immune homeostasis in the central nervous system(CNS).CNS-adjacent skull and vertebral bone marrow comprises hematopoietic niches that can sense CNS injury and supply specialized immune cells to fine-tune inflammatory ***,we review recent advances in our understanding of skull and vertebral bone marrow-derived immune cells in homeostasis and inflammatory CNS ***,we discuss the implications for future development of therapies to mitigate CNS inflammation and its detrimental sequelae in neurological disorders.

关键词： Central nervous system Bone marrow Hematopoiesis Immune cells Neuroinflammation Stroke Multiple sclerosis

Modification of Melting Combustion Kinetic Model of Fine Ash from Entrained-Flow Gasifier

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 300-310页

作者： WANG Wenyu LI Wei LU Yu ren Qiangqiang LYU Qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Coal gasification technology is a prominent technology in the coal chemical industry and serves as the fundamental basis for various process industries,including coal-based chemicals,coal-based liquid fuels,Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle(IGCC) power generation,multi-generation systems,hydrogen production,and fuel *** gasification process generates significant quantities of ash residue,with annual emissions exceeding tens of millions of tons and accumulation reaching hundreds of millions of ***,there is an urgent need to investigate methods for its *** combustion of gasified fine ash(GFA) was conducted in a tube furnace,and the conventional shrinking core model was modified to accurately predict the combustion behaviors at different temperatures(900℃-1500℃).We divided the reaction temperatures into three ranges,which is defined as unmelted combustion(TFT) and mixed combustion(DTFT),the surface ash of GFA grains fell off,and the residual carbon and gas-phase reactants were nearly no longer affected by the diffusion resistance,thus significantly accelerated the reaction of internal residual *** order to predict the melt combustion process more accurately,the time term of the shrinkage core model(SCM) is modified,and the effective diffusion coefficient of T>FT is defined.

关键词： fine ash melting combustion kinetic model combustion characteristics

Design and optimization of a greener sinomenine hydrochloride preparation process considering variations among different batches of the medicinal herb

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第7期71卷 77-90页

作者： Dandan ren Jiale Xie Tianle Chen Haibin Qu Xingchu Gong Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Jinhua 321016China

The current methods used to industrially produce sinomenine hydrochloride involve several issues,including high solvent toxicity,long process flow,and low atomic utilization efficiency,and the greenness scores of the processes are below 65 *** solve these problems,a new process using anisole as the extractant was *** exhibits high selectivity for sinomenine and can be connected to the subsequent water-washing *** alkalization of the medicinal material,heating extraction,water washing,and acidification crystallization were carried *** process was modeled and *** design space was *** recommended operating ranges for the critical process parameters were 3.0–4.0 h for alkalization time,60.0–80.0℃ for extraction temperature,2.0–3.0(volume ratio)for washing solution amount,and 2.0–2.4 mol·L^(-1) for hydrochloric acid *** new process shows good robustness because different batches of medicinal materials did not greatly impact crystal purity or sinomenine transfer *** sinomenine transfer rate was about 20%higher than that of industrial *** greenness score increased to 90 points since the novel process proposed in this research solves the problems of long process flow,high solvent toxicity,and poor atomic economy,better aligning with the concept of green chemistry.

关键词： Sinomenine hydrochloride Process optimization Anisole

In-depth understanding of transport behavior of sulfided nano zerovalent iron/reduced graphene oxide@guar gum slurry: Stability and mobility

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 1-14页

作者： Yuheng Ma Wenhui You Zijiang Yang Zhongyu ren Qi Jing Faculty of Architecture Civil and Transportation EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Nanoscale zero-valent iron(NZVI),which has the advantages of small particle size,large specific surface area,and high reactivity,is often injected into contaminated aquifers in the form of ***,the prone to passivation and agglomeration as well as poor stability andmobility of NZVI limit the further application of this technology in ***,sulfided NZVI loaded on reduced graphene oxide(S-NZVI/rGO)and guar gum(GG)with shearthinning properties as stabilizers were used to synthesize S-NZVI/rGO@GG ***,TEM,and FT-IR confirmed that the dispersion and anti-passivation of NZVI were optimized in the coupled *** stability and mobility of the slurry were improved by increasing the GG concentration,enhancing the pH,and decreasing the ionic strength and the presence of Ca^(2+)ions,respectively.A modified advection-dispersion equation(ADE)was used to simulate the transport experiments considering the strain and physicochemical deposition/***,colloidal filtration theory(CFT)demonstrated that Brownian motion plays a dominant role in themigration of S-NZVI/rGO@GG slurry,and the maximummigration distance can be increased by appropriately increasing the injection ***-Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(XDLVO)theory showed that the excellent stability and migration of S-NZVI/rGO@GG slurry mainly came from the GG spatial *** study has important implications for the field injection of S-NZVI/rGO@GG *** to the injection parameters,the injection range of S-NZVI/rGO@GG slurry is effectively controlled,which lays the foundation for the promotion of application in actual fields.

关键词： S-NZVI rGO Guar gum Transport Stability

Transfer relation between subgrade frost heave and slab track deformation and vehicle dynamic response in seasonally frozen ground

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第2期25卷 130-146页

作者： Juanjuan ren Junhong DU Kaiyao ZHANG Bin YAN Jincheng TIAN MOE Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410075China Airport Planning and Design Institute POWERCHINA Kunming Engineering Corporation LimitedKunming650051China

Subgrade frost heave in seasonally frozen ground can greatly influence the safety and smooth running of high-speed trains and the service performance of track *** this study,we used a static model to:(1)investigate track-subgrade frost heave and develop a dynamic model of vehicle-track-subgrade frost heave;(2)explore the transfer relation between subgrade frost heave and track structure deformation;(3)examine the characteristics of interlayer debonding;(4)study the influence of subgrade frost heave on the dynamic response of vehicles in high-speed railways in seasonally frozen regions.A Fourier series was used to fit the frost heave waveform and simulate the behavior of subgrade uneven frost heave using data collected *** results show:(i)The position of frost heave significantly affects the transfer of deformation to a slab *** largest deformation of the track slab,with the amplitude transfer ratio reaching 20%,was recorded when the frost heave occurred near the joint of the base plate.(ii)At the same frost heave amplitude,long-wave frost heave causes smaller deformation and debonding of the track structure than short-wave frost *** the wavelength range of 10-30 m,the main frequency of the acceleration spectral density was concentrated between 3.5 and 3.7 Hz,with larger frost heave wavelengths producing smaller superposition on the vertical acceleration of the vehicle.(ii)The maximum wheel-rail force occurs when the front bogie passes the frost heave peak,with greater frost heave amplitudes producing greater wheel-rail *** these results,we conclude there is a clear need to control the frost heave deformation of the track to reduce the dynamic response of the vehicle and in turn improve train operatSubgrade frost heave in seasonally frozen ground can greatly influence the safety and smooth running of high-speed trains and the service performance of track *** this study,we used a static model to:(1)investigate track`-subgr

关键词： Slab track Subgrade frost heave Transfer relation Vehicle-track-subgrade coupling Dynamic response

Copper-Free Resin-Based Braking Materials:A New Approach for Substituting Copper with Fly-Ash Cenospheres in Composites

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期37卷 401-412页

作者： Kaikui Zheng Youxi Lin Shanmin You Zhiying ren Jianmeng Huang School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China

Copper particles emitted from braking have become a significant source of environmental ***,copper plays a crucial role in resin-based braking *** high-performance braking materials without copper has become a significant *** this paper,the resin-based braking materials were filled with flyash cenospheres to develop copper-free braking *** effects of fly-ash cenospheres on the physical properties,mechanical and friction and wear properties of braking materials were ***,the wear mechanism of copper-free resin-based braking materials filled with fly-ash cenospheres was *** results indicate that the inclusion of fly-ash cenospheres in the braking materials improved their thermal stability,hardness and impact strength,reduced their density,effectively increased the friction coefficient at medium and high temperatures,and enhanced the heat-fade resistance of the braking *** inclusion of fly-ash cenospheres contributed to the formation of surface friction film during the friction process of the braking materials,and facilitated the transition of form from abrasive wear to adhesive *** 100-350℃,the friction coefficient of the optimal formulation is in the range of 0.57-0.61,and the wear rate is in the range(0.29-0.65)×10^(-7) cm^(3)·N^(-1)·m^(-1),demonstrating excellent resistance to heat-fade and stability in friction *** research proposes the use of fly-ash cenospheres as a substitute for environmentally harmful and expensive copper in brake materials,which not only improves the performance of braking materials but also reduces their costs.

关键词： Fly-ash cenospheres Braking materials Friction and wear Heat-fade resistance Wear form

Surfactant-assisted crystallization of lysozyme and its mechanism

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 199-208页

作者： Yujie Song Rongfei ren Min Su Zhihan Liang Qi Hao School of Chemical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China

Surfactants were used to assist in the crystallization of *** types of surfactants with different structures(sodium dodecyl sulfate,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide,or betaine hydrochloride[BH])were *** study indicated that three surfactants were all capable of shortening the crystallization induction time of lysozyme,with BH inducing the shortest crystallization induction time(t=1 min)and the largest crystal size(37μm).The molecular interactions among each of the three surfactants aforementioned and lysozyme were also investigated by *** was found that hydrogen bonding dominantly acted between the carboxyl structure of the surfactant BH and the lysozyme,which produced the most favorable conformation for the self-assembly of lysozyme(promote lysozyme orderly aggregation and shorten the crystallization induction time).On this basis,the mechanism of surfactant-promoted lysozyme crystallization was proposed.

关键词： Protein Crystallization Surfactant Lysozyme Molecular interaction Mechanism

Staring-imaging satellite pointing estimation based on sequential ISAR images

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 261-276页

作者： Canyu WANG Libing JIANG Weijun ZHONG Xiaoyuan ren Zhuang WANG National Key Laboratory of Automatic Target Recognition National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Xi’an Satellite Control Center Xi’an 710600China

Pointing estimation for spacecraft using Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar(ISAR)images plays a significant role in space situational awareness and ***,feature extraction and cross-range scaling of ISAR images create bottlenecks that limit performances of current estimation ***,the emergence of staring imaging satellites,characterized by complex kinematic behaviors,presents a novel challenge to this *** address these issues,this article proposes a pointing estimation method based on Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)and a numerical optimization algorithm.A satellite’s main axis,which is extracted from ISAR images by a proposed Semantic Axis Region Regression Net(SARRN),is chosen for investigation in this article due to its unique ***,considering the kinematic characteristic of the staring satellite,an ISAR imaging model is established to bridge the target pointing and the extracted *** on the imaging model,pointing estimation and cross-range scaling can be described as a maximum likelihood estimation problem,and an iterative optimization algorithm modified by using the strategy of random sampling-consistency check and weighted least squares is proposed to solve this ***,the pointing of targets and the cross-range scaling factors of ISAR images are *** experiments based on actual satellite orbital parameters verify the effectiveness of the proposed *** work can improve the performance of satellite reconnaissance warning,while accurate cross-range scaling can provide a basis for subsequent data processes such as 3D reconstruction and attitude estimation.

关键词： Staring-imaging Agile satellite Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar(ISAR) Pointing estimation Cross-range scaling

Integral precession calibration method of PIGA on linear vibration table

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 219-236页

作者： Chuang SUN Shun-qing ren Jun-wei CAO Ru HUO Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Faculty of Information technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Linear vibration table can provide harmonic accelerations to excite the nonlinear error terms of Pendulous Integrating Gyro Accelerometer(PIGA).Integral precession calibration method is proposed to calibrate PIGA on a linear vibration table in this *** on the precise expressions of PIGA’s inputs,the error calibration model of PIGA is *** angular velocity errors of PIGA are suppressed by integer periodic precession and the errors caused by non-integer periods vibrating are *** complete calibration process,including planning,preparation,PIGA testing,and coefficient identification,is designed to optimize the test operations and evaluate the calibration *** effect of the main errors on calibration uncertainty is analyzed and the relative sensitivity function is proposed to further optimize the test *** and simulation results verify that the proposed 10-position calibration method can improve calibration uncertainties after compensating for the related *** order of calibration uncertainties of the second-and third-order coefficients are decreased to 10^(-8)(rad.s^(-1))/g^(2)and 10^(-8)(rad.s^(-1))/g3,*** with the other two classical calibration methods,the calibration uncertainties of PIGA’s nonlinear error coefficients can be effectively reduced and the proportional residual errors are decreased less than 3×10-6(rad.s^(-1))/g by using the proposed calibration method.

关键词： PIGA Linear vibration table Vibration measurement Calibration Error analysis Uncertainty analysis