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Exploring the impact of high density planting system and deficit irrigation in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.):a comprehensive review

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第3期7卷 302-317页

作者： MANIBHARATHI Sekar SOMASUNDARAM Selvaraj PARASURAMAN Panneerselvam SUBRAMANIAN Alagesan ravichandran veerasamy MANIKANDA BOOPATHI Narayanan Department of Agronomy Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641003India Cotton Research Station Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityPerambalurTamil Nadu621116India Department of Cotton Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641003India Department of Crop Physiology Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641003India Department of Plant Biotechnology Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyTamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641003India

Lessons learned from past experiences push for an alternate way of crop *** India,adopting high density planting system(HDPS)to boost cotton yield is becoming a growing *** has recently been considered a replacement for the current Indian production *** is also suitable for mechanical harvesting,which reducing labour costs,increasing input use efficiency,timely harvesting timely,maintaining cotton quality,and offering the potential to increase productivity and *** technology has become widespread in globally cotton growing *** management is critical for the success of high density cotton *** to the problem of freshwater availability,more crops should be produced per drop of *** the high-density planting system,optimum water application is essential to control excessive vegetative growth and improve the translocation of photoassimilates to reproductive *** irrigation is a tool to save water without compromising *** the same time,it consumes less water than the normal evapotranspiration of *** review comprehensively documents the importance of growing cotton under a high-density planting system with deficit *** on the current research and combined with cotton production reality,this review discusses the application and future development of deficit irrigation,which may provide theoretical guidance for the sustainable advancement of cotton planting systems.

关键词： Deficit irrigation High density planting system Ultra narrow row Cost saving Mechanical harvesting Yield optimization

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Effect of aqueous extract of Polygonum minus leaf on the immunity and survival of African catfish(Clarias gariepinus)

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第3期 209-213页

作者： ravichandran veerasamy Lim Shu Min Mohanraj Rita Pauline Shalini Sivadasan Christapher Varghese Harish Rajak Kasi Marimuthu Faculty of Pharmacy AIMST UniversitySemeling-08100KedahMalaysia Faculty of Pharmacy Guru Ghasidas UniversityBilaspurIndia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied ScienceAIMST UniversitySemelingKedahMalaysia

Objective:To establish immunomodulatory potential of aqueous extract of Polygonum minus(***)leaves,the haematological effects and lysozyme activity of aqueous extract of *** leaf on Clarias gariepinus was ***:The fish were grouped and administered with the *** aqueous leaf extract *** and serum samples were collected from each group and examined for various blood *** turbidimetric assay for lysozyme activity using *** and the survival rate of fish against *** was carried ***:There was no significant impact(P>0.05)on white blood cell count,red blood cell count,mean corpuscular volume,mean corpuscular hemoglobin,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and lysozyme activity was significantly(P<0.05)higher than *** serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase levels were significantly lower than control(P<0.05).The highest dose group showed longest ***:From this study,it is considered that the aqueous extract of *** can be used as an immunostimulant in African catfish,but continuous administration may require maintaining the protection.

关键词： Haematological effect African catfish Polygonum minus Aqueous extract Clarias gariepinus Lysozyme activity Immunomodulatory activity

Transforming Education with Photogrammetry:Creating Realistic 3D Objects for Augmented Reality Applications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 185-208页

作者： Kaviyaraj ravichandran Uma Mohan Department of Computational Intelligence School of ComputingSRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203India

Augmented reality(AR)is an emerging dynamic technology that effectively supports education across different *** increased use of mobile devices has an even greater *** the demand for AR applications in education continues to increase,educators actively seek innovative and immersive methods to engage students in ***,exploring these possibilities also entails identifying and overcoming existing barriers to optimal educational ***,this surge in demand has prompted the identification of specific barriers,one of which is three-dimensional(3D)*** 3D objects for augmented reality education applications can be challenging and time-consuming for the *** address this,we have developed a pipeline that creates realistic 3D objects from the two-dimensional(2D)*** for augmented and virtual reality can then utilize these created 3D *** evaluated the proposed pipeline based on the usability of the 3D object and performance ***,with 117 respondents,the co-creation team was surveyed with openended questions to evaluate the precision of the 3D object created by the proposed photogrammetry *** analyzed the survey data using descriptive-analytical methods and found that the proposed pipeline produces 3D models that are positively accurate when compared to real-world objects,with an average mean score above *** study adds new knowledge in creating 3D objects for augmented reality applications by using the photogrammetry technique;finally,it discusses potential problems and future research directions for 3D objects in the education sector.

关键词： Augmented reality education immersive learning 3D object creation photogrammetry and StructureFromMotion

GIS-based potential assessment of floating photovoltaic systems in reservoirs of Tamil Nadu in India

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Clean Energy 2023年第3期7卷 671-689页

作者： Nagavinothini ravichandran Balamurugan Paneerselvam Nagananthini ravichandran Independent researcher(Structural Engineering) Tamil NaduIndia Center of Excellent of Interdisciplinary Research for Sustainable Development Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly

Floating photovoltaic systems(FPVs)are one of the emerging renewable-energy technologies suitable for implementation in land-scarce areas around the *** installation of FPVs in water bodies in highly populated countries such as India will improve renewable-energy production with added advantages in terms of efficiency,water savings and reduced carbon *** this context,the present study aims to identify suitable reservoirs for solar energy production using FPV technology in Tamil Nadu,India using geographic information system techniques.A total of 118 reservoirs located in the study area were *** results have shown that the implementation of FPV systems will significantly improve the production of renewable *** most suitable res-ervoirs with hydroelectric power plants for hybrid FPV implementation and their potential to reduce water evaporation and carbon emissions are *** results reveal that hybrid systems will generate 1542.53 GWh of power annually and also save 36.32×10^(6)m^(3)of water every *** results of this investigation will aid in fulfilling sustainable energy production in India,and the meth-odology presented may be useful for the analysis and prioritization of reservoirs for the implementation of FPV all over the world.

关键词： floating photovoltaic system evaporation carbon emission solar energy geographic information system

Performance analysis of a floating photovoltaic covering system in an Indian reservoir

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Clean Energy 2021年第2期5卷 208-228页

作者： Nagananthini ravichandran Nagavinothini ravichandran Balamurugan Panneerselvam Independent Researcher(Power Electronics and Drives) Tamil NaduIndia Postdoctoral Researcher Department of Structures for Engineering and ArchitectureUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly Assistant Professor Department of Civil EngineeringM Kumarasamy College of EngineeringTamil NaduIndia

Floating photovoltaic(FPV)systems are one of the globally emerging technologies of renewable energy production that tend to balance the water-energy demand by effectively saving the evaporated water from reservoirs while generating electrical *** study presents the performance analysis of a model FPV plant in an Indian *** Mettur dam reservoir located in Tamil Nadu,India with a hydroelectric power plant of 150-MW capacity is considered as a test *** preliminary design of the FPV plant is proposed based on a detailed study of the key design elements and their suitability for Indian *** proposed plant is numerically analysed for various tilt angles,mounting systems and tracking mechanisms in order to assess its potential power generation.A flat-mount system in landscape orientation was found to exhibit a high performance ***,a fixed-tilt FPV system with a panel slope of 10°and an FPV system with single-axis tracking were found to be suitable for the Mettur ***,cost analysis of the FPV system is also presented along with the carbon-footprint estimation to establish the economic and environmental benefits of the *** results show that the total potential CO_(2) saving by a FPV system with tracking is 135918.87 t CO_(2) and it is 12.5%higher than that of a fixed-mount FPV system.

关键词： solar energy floating photovoltaic system evaporation loss hydroelectric power plants

Tuning the Microstructural and Magnetic Properties of ZnO Nanopowders through the Simultaneous Doping of Mn and Ni for Biomedical Applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第11期31卷 1111-1117页

作者： K.Karthika K.ravichandran Post Graduate & Research Department of Physics AVVM Sri Pushpam College(Autonomous)

Undoped and Mn＋Ni doped ZnO nanopowders were synthesized using a simple soft chemical route by varying the Ni doping level （1, 3, 5 and 7 at.%） and keeping the Mn doping level （10 at.%） constant, X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the incorporated Ni^2＋ ions form a secondary phase of cubic NiO beyond the Ni doping level of 3 at.%, which is also confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The band gap of the nanopowders increases （from 3.32 to 3.44 eV） up to 3 at.% of Ni doping and decreases with further doping. ZnO：Mn：Ni nanopowders with 3 at.% of Ni concentration exhibit good antibacterial efficiency. The variation in the size of the nanoparticles, as observed from the TEM images and hydroxyl radicals as evidenced from the photoluminescence results, clearly substantiate the discussion on the antibacterial efficiency of the synthesized nanopowders. Magnetic properties of the synthesized nanopowders were studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer, and the results showed that the doping of Mn and Ni largely influences the magnetic properties of ZnO nanopowders.

关键词： ZnO Nanopowders Soft chemical route Magnetic properties Antibacterial activity

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Sulphuric Acid Using Luffa Aegyptiaca Leaves Extract

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第6期27卷 969-980页

作者： S. Jyothi J. ravichandran Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science

The corrosion inhibition of mild steel（MS） in sulphuric acid using Luffa aegyptiaca（LA） leaves extract was investigated by weight loss studies, colorimetric measurements, potentiodynamic polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The adsorption of LA leaves extract was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and optical profilometry. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing concentration of the extract but decreased with rise in temperature and with the increase in acid strength. Furthermore, the inhibition efficiency synergistically increased on the addition of halide ions. Polarisation studies revealed that the LA extract acts as mixed- type inhibitor. Physical adsorption mechanism is proposed from the trend in inhibition efficiency with the change in temperature and from thermodynamic parameters. The adsorption of LA on MS surface obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm and follows the kinetic thermodynamic model of ElAwady at all temperatures studied.

关键词： Mild steel Adsorption Corrosion Thermodynamic properties FTIR

Enhancement of Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of ZnO：Ag Nanopowders Through the Addition of Bamboo Charcoal： An Efficient Natural Adsorbent

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第12期30卷 1249-1256页

作者： K. Nithiyadevi K. ravichandran PG Research and Department of Physics AVVM Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous) Poondi Thanjavur Tamil Nadu 613 503 India Department of Physics Bharathidasan University Constituent College (Women) Orathanadu Tamil Nadu 614 625 India

This research article explains the removal of methylene blue （MB） and malachite green （MG） from aqueous solution using adsorption/photodegradation activity of ZnO：Ag/bamboo charcoal （BC） nanocomposite. In addition, the antibacterial studies of the prepared samples were tested against Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） Gram-positive and Escherichia coli （E. coli） Gram-negative bacteria by the well diffusion method. The ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite exhibits superior photocatalytic activity compared with ZnO：Ag. Remarkable degradation efficiencies of 93.95% （MB） and 95.75% （MG） were recorded for ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite after 45 min. The degradation process follows a pseudo-first-order kinetics. The rate constant of ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite is two times greater than that of pristine ZnO nanopowder for the degradation of MB dye, while for MG dye degradation, it is three times. It is found that the ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite shows a higher rate of dye removal due to excellent adsorbing properties of bamboo charcoal （BC）. The ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite showed better antibacterial properties compared to ZnO：Ag. In this study, the samples were prepared using a simple and low-cost soft chemical route and they were characterized by optical, structural, surface morphological, antibacterial and photocatalytic properties. These characterization studies substantiate the discussions on the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of the synthesized samples.

关键词： Bamboo charcoal Adsorbent ZnO Photocatalysis Antibacterial

Type Inversion and Certain Physical Properties of Spray Pyrolysed SnO_2:Al Films for Novel Transparent Electronics Applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第2期30卷 97-102页

作者： K.ravichandran K.Thirumurugan Post Graduate and Research Department of Physics AVVM Sri Pushpam College(Autonomous)

Aluminium doped tin oxide films have been deposited onto glass substrates by using a simplified and low cost spray pyrolysis technique. The AI doping level varies between 0 and 30 at.% in the step of 5 at.%. The resistivity （p） is the minimum （0.38 Ω cm） for 20 at.% of AI doping. The possible mechanism behind the phenomenal zig-zag variation in resistivity with respect to AI doping is discussed in detail. The nature of conductivity changes from n-type to p-type when the AI doping level is 10 at.%. The results show that 20 at.% is the optimum doping level for good quality p-type SnO2：AI films suitable for transparent electronic devices.

关键词： Tin oxide films P-type transparent conducting oxide (TCO) Spray pyrolysis Transparent electronics Electrical properties Optical properties