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A non-fullerene acceptor enables efficient P3HT-based organic solar cells with small voltage loss and thickness insensitivity

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第6期30卷 1277-1281页

作者： Ning Wang Weitao Yang Shuixing Li Minmin Shi Tsz-Ki Lau Xinhui Lu rafi shikler Chang-Zhi Li Hongzheng Chen MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel

Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) is a low-cost polymer donor for organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the P3HT-based OSCs usually give low power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) due to the wide bandgap and the high-lying energy levels of P3HT. To solve this problem, in this work, we design and synthesize a new A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptor, DFPCBR, which owns an electron-donating (D) core constructed by linking a 2,5-difluorobenzene ring with two cyclopentadithiophene moieties, and two electron-accepting (A) end-groups of benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole connected with 3-ethyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one. Because of the strong electron-donating ability and large conjugation effect of D core, DFPCBR shows appropriate energy levels and a narrow bandgap matching well with those of P3HT. Therefore, with P3HT as the donor and DFPCBR as the acceptor, the OSCs possess broad absorption range from 350 nm to 780 nm and the reduced energy loss (Eloss) of 0.79 eV (compared with ~1.40 eV for the P3HT:PC61BM device), providing a good PCE of 5.34% with a high open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.80 V. Besides, we observe that the photovoltaic performances of these devices are insensitive to the thickness of the active layers:even if the active layer is as thick as 320 nm,~80%of the best PCE is maintained, which is rarely reported for fullerene-free P3HT-based OSCs, suggesting that DFPCBR has the potential application in commercial OSCs in the future.

关键词： Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Non-fullerene acceptors Organic solar cells Energy loss Thickness insensitivity

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In-depth investigation and applications of novel silicon photonics microstructures supporting optical vorticity and waveguiding for ultranarrowband near-infrared perfect absorption

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Photonics Research 2020年第3期8卷 381-394页

作者： ROY AVRAHAMY MOSHE ZOHAR MARK AUSLENDER BENNY MILGROM SHLOMO HAVA rafi shikler School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 84105Israel Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department Shamoon College of EngineeringBeer-Sheva 84100Israel School of Electrical Engineering The Jerusalem College of TechnologyJerusalem 91160Israel Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science&Technology Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 84105Israel

We propose a novel concept of designing silicon photonics metamaterials for perfect near-infrared light *** study's emphasis is an in-depth investigation of various physical mechanisms behind the^100%ultranarrowband record peak absorptance of the designed structures,comprising an ultrathin silicon *** electromagnetic power transport,described by the Poynting vector,is innovatively explored,which shows combined vortex and crossed-junction two-dimensional waveguide-like flows as outcomes of optical field *** flows,though peculiar for each of the designed structures,turn out to be key factors of the perfect resonant optical *** electromagnetic fields show tight two-dimensional confinement:a sharp vertical confinement of the resonant-cavity type combined with a lateral metasurface supported *** siliconabsorbing layer and its oxide environment are confined between two subwavelength metasurfaces such that the entire design is well compatible with silicon-on-insulator *** design concept and its outcomes meet the extensive challenges of ultrathin absorbers for minimum noise and an ultra-narrowband absorptance spectrum,while maintaining an overall very thin structure for planar *** these materials and such objectives,the proposed designs seem essential,as standard approaches fail,mainly due to a very low silicon absorption coefficient over the near-infrared *** tests for fabrication errors show fair tolerability while maintaining a high absorptance peak,along with a controllable deviation off the central-design *** applications are suggested and analyzed,which include but are not limited to:efficient photodetectors for focal plane array and on-chip integrated silicon photonics,high-precision spectroscopic chemical and angular-position sensing,and wavelength-division multiplexing.

关键词： optical waveguide perfect

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Biochemical composition and photosynthetic activity of Pongamia pinnata（L.） Pierre in response to acute 60Co γ-irradiation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第4期30卷 1221-1231页

作者： Mohd rafi Wani S.S.Singh Vandana Sharma Department of Forestry Wildlife and Environmental SciencesGuru Ghasidas VishwavidyalayaBilaspurChhattisgarh 495009India HNB Garhwal University Campus TehriGarhwalUttarakhand 246174India

To elucidate the potential and sensitivity of cirradiation in Pongamia pinnata,the present study has been done by irradiating the air-dried seeds to differentγ-irradiation doses(100 Gy,200 Gy,400 Gy and 600 Gy),using 60Co *** increase(p≤0.05)in the germination,growth,and vigor was recorded under the100 Gy treatment than the control *** chlorophylla and total chlorophyll content(mgg-1 FW)in the leaves of *** showed a significant decrease under the higher irradiation treatments(200 Gy,400 Gy and 600 Gy).In contrast,chlorophyllb showed a radio-resistance up to 200 Gy dose,and above which its concentration declined significantly(p≤0.05).Photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration,and transpiration rate were stimulated by 100 Gy irradiation treatment and the higher doses inhibited these *** activity in the leaves of *** tended to increase after irradiation in a dose-dependent *** the plants under different treatments ofγ-irradiation showed stimulation in production of proline,flavonoid,and phenolic content in comparision to the *** findings of the present study showed thatγ-irradiation treatment stimulates the secondary metabolite production(proline,flavonoid and phenolic)and favours faster growth of ***.

关键词： Biochemical composition γ-irradiation Photosynthetic rate Pongamia pinnata Principal component analysis

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Interfacial modulation of bifunctional electrolyte additive engineering for dendrite-free and robust lithium metal anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 120-127,I0003页

作者： Mahammad rafi Shaik Yongmin Park Young-Kwang Jung Won Bin Im Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang University222Wangsimni-roSeongdongguSeoul 0473Republic of Kor Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgeCambridge CB3 OASUK

Anode materials for rechargeable electric car batteries are obtained from Li-metal owing to their extremely high specific capacity and low redox ***,safety concerns related to dendrite formation on the anode surface caused by the uneven distribution of Li-ions during the discharge process interfere with the use of Li-metal in industrial *** this study,methyl vinyl sulfone(MVS),a sulfone-based functional electrolyte additive,is used in an additive engineering strategy to control Lielectrolyte interactions and address the aforementioned *** dendrite growth may be restricted,and transition metal degradation on the surface of the cathode can be reduced by the MVS-derived functional electrolyte additive interfacial *** electrochemical performance of an ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate(EC/DMC)+1 wt% MVS Li-metal anode of a Li||Li symmetric cell exhibits remarkable cycle stability,maintaining a low overvoltage for over 750 h at 1 mA cm^(-2),and capacity of 1 mA h cm^(-2).Additionally,LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811) full cells with the MVS additive exhibit enhanced electrochemical stability for 250 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g^(-1).This study provides an innovative approach for stabilizing the metal-electrolyte interfacial layer that may be used for practical applications in metal-based rechargeable batteries.

关键词： Lithium rechargeable battery Dendrite-free Electrolyte additive Bifunctional electrolyte Interfacial layer

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Intra-and inter-species variations in carbon content of 14 major tree species in Northeast China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第6期32卷 2545-2556页

作者： Faris rafi Almay Widagdo Fengri Li Longfei Xie Lihu Dong Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education School of ForestryNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang150040People’s Republic of China

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is one of the major challenges in combating global ***,including in the form of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),is considered an essential greenhouse gas under human control to demonstrate success in emission ***,many carbon stock quantifications in forest ecosystems still rely on the estimated 50%carbon content instead of more precise species-,tissue-and site-specific ***,this study aimed to thoroughly measure and analyze the carbon content and variability using the 14 major tree species in Northeast *** 600 trees were destructively sampled from three different major mountainous regions(i.e.,the Changbai,Daxing’an,and Xiaoxing’an mountains),and the carbon contents of each species were precisely measured to the sub-tissue *** contents varied significantly between species,with foliage carbon mostly found to be the highest,while root carbon contents were the *** carbon contents can be ranked as:Ulmus laciniata(43.4%)

关键词： Carbon concentration Carbon sequestration Hardwoods Conifers Temperate forest

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Heavy ion ranges from first-principles electron dynamics

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 799-805页

作者： Andrea E.Sand rafi Ullah Alfredo A.Correa Department of Physics University of HelsinkiP.O.Box 43FI-00014 HelsinkiFinland Quantum Simulations Group Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550USA CIC nanoGUNE Ave.Tolosa 7620018 Donostia-San SebastiánSpain Departamento de Física de Materiales UPV/EHUPaseo Manuel de Lardizabal 320018 Donostia-San SebastiánSpain

The effects of incident energetic particles,and the modification of materials under irradiation,are governed by the mechanisms of energy losses of ions in *** complex processes affecting projectiles spanning many orders of magnitude in energy depend on both ion and electron *** multi-scale modeling methods that correctly capture the relevant processes is crucial for predicting radiation effects in diverse *** this work,we obtain channeling ion ranges for tungsten,a prototypical heavy ion,by explicitly simulating ion trajectories with a method that takes into account both the nuclear and the electronic stopping *** electronic stopping power of self-ion irradiated tungsten is obtained from first-principles timedependent density functional theory(TDDFT).Although the TDDFT calculations predict a lower stopping power than SRIM by a factor of three,our result shows very good agreement in a direct comparison with ion range *** results demonstrate the validity of the TDDFT method for determining electronic energy losses of heavy projectiles,and in turn its viability for the study of radiation damage.

关键词： stopping governed dynamics

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Distribution pattern and ecological determinants of an invasive plant Parthenium hysterophorus L., in Malakand division of Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第7期17卷 1670-1683页

作者： Nasrullah KHAN Khudija BIBI rafi ULLAH Department of Botany University of MalakandChakdara 18800 District Dir LowerKhyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape ResearchZuercherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland

After habitat loss,drastic effects of biological invasion caused by alien invasive species to the native biodiversity have been acknowledged worldwide by the agriculturists,ecologists,and governments as it is more overwhelming than pollution,harvest and disease *** such example of biological invasion is *** which is considered to be one of the topmost noxious weeds threatening ecosystems diversity in the world,particularly in Pakistan due to its invasive success and generalist *** no studies have explored the pattern and determinants of plant biodiversity in the Parthenium dominated *** we explored the current distribution pattern of this species with relation to environmental variables in the Malakand division of northern ***-three sites dominated by *** were identified through a participatory mapping process combined with traditional ecological knowledge and quantitative inventories were *** total,we found 62 plant species in 55 genera and 32 families,predominately from Asteraceae,Poaceae,and ***’s agglomerative clustering procedure showed three well-differentiated,and ecologically meaningful but overlapping vegetation *** was found to be the leading species with an average Importance value ranging from 33.28%to 65.59%.Based on our criteria,surprisingly we found significantly less to be fully(30%)or partially invaded(21%)than the less invaded(47%)plots,indicating the gradual invasive success of the species across the *** Correspondence Analysis(CCA-ordination)has explained 36.9%of the cumulative variance by the first three axes and identified elevation(r=-0.526),slope(r=0.438)and percent sand(r=-0.474)to be the major environmental factors affecting the distribution of *** and associated *** results suggested that elevation and percent sand negatively affect Parthenium distribution whereas slope has a positive relationship

关键词： Habitat lost Biological invasion Parthenium hysterophorus Multivariate analysis Conservation and Management

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Fixed Point Theorems in Fuzzy Inner Product Spaces

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模糊系统与数学 2008年第3期22卷 89-96页

作者： Mohd. rafi Segi Rahmat School of Applied Mathematics Faculty of EngineeringThe University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan Broga 43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

In this paper,we obtain some new fixed point theorems in fuzzy-Banach spaces by considering the t-norms of h-type and a linear mapping of weakly demicompact.

关键词：模糊数学空间转换线性公式数学分析

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Active Power Filter ——Didactic System of Compensation of Harmonics and Reactive Power

Active Power Filter ——Didactic System of Compensation of H...

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作者： rafi Youssef（约瑟夫）中南大学

学位级别：硕士

像任何电力发电机一样,电力网络通过他们终端机上的电压调节器给仪器使用者提供能量。很明显,电能质量取决于在发送点上的电压。这一个电压通常要承受许多干扰,这些干扰主要来自于二个截然不同的来源: 由通道所引起的电压干扰,在供电... 详细信息

像任何电力发电机一样,电力网络通过他们终端机上的电压调节器给仪器使用者提供能量。很明显,电能质量取决于在发送点上的电压。这一个电压通常要承受许多干扰,这些干扰主要来自于二个截然不同的来源: 由通道所引起的电压干扰,在供电网络中,干扰电流如谐波,不平衡和无功电流。由谐波和不平衡电压以及电压突降等引起的干扰电压。电网中,由非线性和不平衡负载引起的不平衡和谐波电流将造成谐波和不平衡电压。这些电压扰动和电压降将严重影响用户端的电能质量。如今,有源滤波器,如并联、串联和串并联组合有源滤波器,被广泛研究,以保持电压和电流的平衡。本文主要设计了有源滤波器。采用并联型有源滤波器使非线性负载的电网功率因数接近1。有源滤波器补偿负载消耗的无功和谐波,使电网仅传输有功功率。滤波器由一个电容、一个电感和四个电能开关组成。电容为平衡能量的能量储存元件。电感是减少电流变化的续流元件。电能开关是控制能流方向的元件。只要电容电压比系统电压高,则电能开关就能控制能流方向。开关除了能控制系统电流为无谐波的正弦波,还能使系统的电流与电压同相。通过比较电容电压和参考电压,生成参考电压幅值定义的命令,使电容电压保持恒定。在硕士学位毕业论文报告的提纲中,提出了一个谐波学和无功功率的补偿教导的系统。自动化所控制工程实验室已经做出了原型(在中南大学) 在实验室的技术助理和罗安教授的指导下,采用的方法使教导系统在电子工程学(在系统的测试结构里面)中的使用同在物理学的TP中的应用一样成为可能。有源补偿器基于一爪“教学的”逆变器,产品的特性(电流-电压)使电子工程的视在功率使用负荷成为可能(测试装置限制在3千瓦),给网络LT企业供应400V的电压。为了达到教学目的,我们选择采用顺序图表进行类推。因此使学生容易地分析出控制回路的结构并用示波器检测出信号。正常工作状态允许运行在无功功率或谐波的整流PWM中,也允许运行在整流PWM中,吸收正弦波。补偿器可能连接任何平衡三相非线性负荷。在这篇论文中包含: PWM逆变器补偿控制的研究;功率元件和控制回路的参数确定;检测电路功能和结构的研究。

关键词：教学的模拟有源滤波器谐波补偿控制系统

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Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Behavior of Laser Melting Deposited TA15 Alloy at 500℃ under In-Situ Tension in SEM

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第9期34卷 1201-1212页

作者： Muhammad Rizwan Junxia Lu Fei Chen Ruxia Chai rafi Ullah Yuefei Zhang Ze Zhang Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Elastomer Composite Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing 102617China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

TA15 alloy fabricated by laser melting deposition was investigated at 500℃ under tensile deformation. The damage behavior of microstructure was analyzed by the real time observation of the microstructure evolution, microcracks initiation and propagation using in-situ tensile equipment fitted in the SEM chamber. Finally, the mechanism of fracture was discussed. The result showed anisotropic mechanical properties in X-and Z-direction. The existence of columnar β grains and its orientation to the tensile direction were the major factors inducing the anisotropic mechanical properties. As compared to Z-direction specimen, high tensile strength was observed in X-direction specimen due to the resistance in slips propagation provided by the prior-β grain boundaries( β GBs). Accumulation of the cracks at prior β GB caused the shear fracture. In case of Z-direction specimen, parallel orientation of prior β GB and GB α with the tensile direction resulted in a homogeneous deformation. The high reduction of cross section showed the enhanced ductile characteristics at high temperature.

关键词： TA15 alloy In-situ tensile High temperature mechanical property Fracture Laser additive manufacturing Crack propagation

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