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Soil Nitrogen Availability Is reflected in the Bacterial Pathway

Pedosphere 2011年第1期21卷 26-30页

作者： V.KrIVTSOV B.S.GrIFFITHS K.LIDDELL A.GArSIDE r.salmond T.BEZGINOVA J.THOMPSON6 Centre for the study of Environmental Change and Sustainability(CECS) School of GeoSciencesUniversity of EdinburghWest Mains RoadEdinburgh EH9 3JNScotland(UK) Department of Ecology Kharkov State University Teagasc Environment Research Institute Johnstown Castle University of Abertay Dundee SIMBIOSSchool of Science & Engineering royal Museum of Scotland Edinburgh(UK) Hope Hospital Manchester(UK) Scottish Crop research Institute InvergowrieDundeeScotland(UK)

Measurements of concentrations of easily extractable soil nitrogen(N) were carried out on samples collected at the Heron Wood reserve,Scotland,concurrently with investigations of N associated with total microbial biomass and the abundances of bacteria,fungi,and *** biota at the studied site appeared to be limited by *** was a remarkable difference between the ambient(i.e.,easily extractable N) and biomass *** abundance data of bacteria,protozoa and nematodes significantly negatively correlated with ambient N but showed positive correlations with the total microbial N *** were,however,remarkable differences between the correlation patterns exhibited by the fungal and the bacterial pathways,as fungi did not show any correlations with chemical *** differences should be taken into account whilst interpreting biological interactions both at this important site and elsewhere.

关键词： bacteria fungi nematodes protozoa woodland

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PyLUr:Efficient software for land use regression modeling the spatial distribution of air pollutants using GDAL/OGr library in Python

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第3期14卷 89-102页

作者： Xuying Ma Ian Longley Jennifer.salmond Jay Gao School of Environment Faculty of ScienceUniversity of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand National Institute of Water and Atmospheric research Auckland 1010New Zealand

Land use regression(LUr)models have been widely used in air pollution *** regressionbased approach estimates the ambient pollutant concentrations at un-sampled points of interest by considering the relationship between ambient concentrations and several predictor variables selected from the surrounding *** conceptually quite simple,its successful implementation requires detailed knowledge of the area,expertise in GIS,statistics,and programming skills,which makes this modeling approach relatively inaccessible to novice *** this contribution,we present a LUr modeling and pollution-mapping software named *** uses GDAL/OGr libraries based on the Python platform and can build a LUr model and generate pollutant concentration maps *** self-developed software comprises four modules:a potential predictor variable generation module,a regression modeling module,a model validation module,and a prediction and mapping *** performance of the newly developed PyLUr is compared to an existing LUr modeling software called rLUr(with similar functions implemented on r language platform)in terms of model accuracy,processing efficiency and software *** results show that PyLUr out-performs rLUr for modeling in the Bradford and Auckland case studies ***,PyLUr is much more efficient in data processing and it has a capability to handle detailed GIS input data.

关键词： LUr Air pollution modelling GIS spatial analysis GDAL/OGr Python Pollutant concentration mapping

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ENErGY AND WATEr SUSTAINABILITY:THE rOLE OF UrBAN CLIMATE CHANGE FrOM METrOPOLITAN INFrASTrUCTUrE

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Journal of Green Building 2006年第3期1卷 124-138页

作者： Jay S.Golden Anthony Brazel Jennifer.salmond David Laws National Center of Excellence on SMArT Innovations Global Institute of Sustainability.Arizona State University P.O.Box 873211TempeArizona 85287-3211 Department of Geography&Global Institute of Sustainability.Arizona State University Division of Environmental Health and risk Management Climate&Atmospheric Programs.University of Birmingham UK Environmental Technology and Policy Program.Massachusetts Institute of Technology

As recently as 1950,30%of the world’s population lived in urban *** the year 2030,60%of the world’s population will live in *** science of sustainable development requires the ability to examine and understand the implications of broad and aggregate *** is even more difficult in rapidly urbanizing regions globally where the pace of change itself becomes part of what has to be taken into account in engineering designs,modeling,planning,and policy *** is quickly transitioning communities from native vegetation to man-made urban engineered *** changes in the characteristics of the land surface can have a marked impact on the partitioning of energy at the *** is often manifested in microscale and mesoscale modifications to the thermal properties of the surface and atmosphere and can result in significant increases in temperatures in comparison to adjacent rural regions which,is known as the Urban Heat Island Effect(Urban Heat Island or UHI).The UHI is understood in theory,but its practical engineering and policy implications resist interpretation due to the variations in social,economic and environmental conditions in a given region at a given *** findings of this research indicate that the thermal modifications to the climate as result of urbanization have impacted the sustainability of the Phoenix,Arizona *** HVAC electrical consumption for a representative 2,000 ft 2 has increased from 7,888 kWh per year in the 1950’s to over 8,873 kWh per year in the 1990’*** also impacts water supply in the arid region as the research finds 6,550 gallons of water is consumed by household for HVAC electricity consumption.

关键词： Urban Heat Island electricity water metropolitan infrastructure urbanization sustainability

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Clinical and prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging findings as predictors of general and clinically significant prostate cancer risk:A retrospective single-center study

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Current Urology 2023年第3期17卷 147-152页

作者： Matteo Massanova rebecca Vere Sophie robertson Felice Crocetto Biagio Barone Lorenzo Dutto Imran Ahmad Mark Underwood Jonathan salmond Amit Patel Giuseppe Celentano Jaimin r.Bhatt Department of Urology Queen Elizabeth University HospitalGlasgowUK Department of Neuroscience Reproductive and Odontostomatological SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of Naples"FedericoⅡ"NaplesItaly Department of Pathology Queen Elizabeth University HospitalGlasgowUK Department of radiology Queen Elizabeth University HospitalGlasgowUK

Background:To evaluate the predictive values of Prostate Imaging reporting and Data System version 2(PI-rADS v2),prostate-specific antigen(PSA)level,PSA density(PSAD),digital rectal examination findings,and prostate volume,individually and in combination,for the detection of prostate cancer(Pca)in biopsy-naïve ***:We retrospectively analyzed 630 patients who underwent transrectal systematic prostate biopsy following prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.A standard 12-core biopsy procedure was *** and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the significant predictors of clinically significant cancer but not ***:The median age,PSA level,and PSAD were 70 years,8.6 ng/mL,and 0.18 ng/mL/mL,respectively.A total of 374(59.4%)of 630 patients were biopsy-positive for Pca,and 241(64.4%)of 374 were diagnosed with clinically significant Pca(csPCa).The PI-rADS v2 score and PSAD were independent predictors of Pca and *** PI-rADS v2 score of 5 regardless of the PSAD value,or PI-rADS v2 score of 4 plus a PSAD ofrate(36.1%-82.1%).Instead,the PI-rADS v2 score ofrisk of ***:The combination of the PI-rADS v2 score and PSAD could prove to be a helpful and reliable diagnostic tool before performing prostate *** with a PI-rADS v2 score ofrostate biopsy.

关键词： Prostate cancer Prostate Imaging reporting and Data System score Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging Transrectal ultrasound Prostate biopsy Prostate-specific antigen density

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儿童严重外伤性脑损伤后头围、脑及海马体积

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第1期2卷 58-59页

作者： Tasker r.C. salmond C.H. Westland A.G. 虎小毅 Department of Paediatrics University of Cambridge Addenbrooke's Hospital Hills Road Cambr idge CB2 2QQ United Kingdom

Vulnerability of the hippocampus to traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults is related to severity of injury and white matter atrophy. The objectives of this s tudy were to determine features of anthropometry and cerebral morphometry late a fter TBI in childhood and to assess whether hippocampal volume is related to sev erity of initial ictus and changes in white matter at follow-up. Thirty-three patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging 4.9 y after severe TBI that necess itated intensive care; 23 had mechanical ventilation and intracranial pressure m onitoring longer than 3 d. Magnetic resonance imaging analyses included volume o f brain, hemisphere, ventricles, and hippocampal and perihippocampal regions; sp atial distribution of voxel-based morphometry differences in white matter; and eigenvalues of diffusion tensor imaging diffusivity. Patients with longer intens ive care ictus had smaller-than-expected occipitofrontal head circumference. E ight of these, identified by voxel-based morphometry,had periventricular white matter loss and smaller-than-expected brain volume for OFC, suggesting “atrop hy”; the remainder had expected volume for a smaller OFC, suggesting “growth d isturbance.”Ninety-three percent of the variation in right hippocampal volume was accounted for by factors related to severity of injury and white matter atro phy. It is concluded that anthropometry and cerebral morphometric measurements l ate after severe TBI in childhood provides useful outcome data and indicate that , despite adequate growth in stature, effects of TBI on brain growth and hippoca mpal volume may extend into adulthood.

关键词：海马体积脑损伤头围严重外伤脑室周围白质形态测量人体测量学重症监护磁共振图像颅内压监

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