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Upshot of ohmically dissipated Darcy-Forchheimer slip flow of magnetohydrodynamic Sutterby fluid over radiating linearly stretched surface in view of Cash and Carp method

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2019年第6期40卷 861-876页

作者： S. BILAL M. SOHAIL r. NAZ M. Y. malik M. ALGHAMDI Department of Mathematics Air UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61413Saudi Arabia

The present work concerns the momentum and heat transmission of the electro-magnetohydrodynamic (E-MHD) boundary layer Darcy-Forchheimer flow of a Sutterby fluid over a linear stretching sheet with slip. The nonlinear equations for the proposed model are analyzed numerically. Suitable techniques are used to transform the coupled nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) conforming to the forced balance law, energy, and concentration equations into a nonlinear coupled system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Numerical solutions of the transformed nonlinear system are obtained using a shooting method, improved by the Cash and Carp coefficients. The influence of important physical variables on the velocity, the temperature, the heat flux coefficient, and the skin-friction coefficient is verified and analyzed through graphs and tables. From the comprehensive analysis of the present work, it is concluded that by intensifying the magnitude of the Hartmann number, the momentum distribution decays, whereas the thermal profile of fluid increases. Furthermore, it is also shown that by aug- menting the values of the momentum slip parameter, the velocity profile diminishes. It is found that the Sutterby fluid model shows shear thickening and shear thinning behaviors. The momentum profile shows that the magnitude of velocity for the shear thickening case is dominant as compared with the shear thinning case. It is also demonstrated that the Sutterby fluid model reduces to a Newtonian model by fixing the fluid parameter to zero. In view of the limiting case, it is established that the surface drag in the case of the Sutterby model shows a trifling pattern as compared with the classical case.

关键词： Sutterby fluid thermal and momentum slip shooting method ohmic dissipation Darcy-Forchheimer law Cash and Carp method

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Assessment of Genetic Variation Within Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) Germplasm Using random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第4期50卷 385-392页

作者： Muhammad Ayub Khan malik Ashiq rabbani Muhammad Munir Saifullah Khan Ajmal Muhammad Azim malik Oilseed research Program National Agricultural research Center Park Road Islamabad 45500 Pakistan Institute of Agri-Biotechnology & Genetic resources National Agricultural Research Center Park Road Islamabad 45500 Pakistan University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi Pakistan

Genetic diversity among 45 Indian mustard （Brassica juncea L.） genotypes comprising 37 germplasm collections, five advance breeding lines and three improved cultivars was investigated at the DNA level using the random amplified polymorphic DNA （rAPD） technique. Fifteen primers used generated a total of 92 rAPD fragments, of which 81 （88%） were polymorphic. Of these, 13 were unique to accession ‘Pak85559＇. Each primer produced four to nine amplified products with an average of 6.13 bands per primer. Based on pairwise comparisons of rAPD amplification products, Nei and Li＇s similarity coefficients were calculated to evaluate the relationships among the accessions. Pairwise similarity indices were higher among the oilseed accessions and cultivars showing narrow ranges of 0.77-0.99. An unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages cluster analysis based on these genetic similarities placed most of the collections and oilseed cultivars close to each other, showing a low level of polymorphism between the accessions used. However, the clusters formed by oilseed collections and cultivars were comparatively distinct from that of advanced breeding lines. Genetically, all of the accessions were classified into a few major groups and a number of individual accessions. Advanced breeding lines were relatively divergent from the rest of the accessions and formed independent clusters. Clustering of the accessions did not show any pattern of association between the rAPD markers and the collection sites. A low level of genetic variability of oilseed mustard was attributed to the selection for similar traits and horticultural uses. Perhaps close parentage of these accessions further contributed towards their little diversity. The study demonstrated that rAPD is a simple and fast technique to compare the genetic relationship and pattern of variation among the gene pool of this crop.

关键词： Brassica juncea genetic diversity germplasm oilseed mustard Pakistan random amplified polymorphic DNA.

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Corrosion resistance of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy after Laser remelting Treatment

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2016年第5期31卷 1075-1080页

作者： STrZELECKA Monika IWASZKO Jozef malik Marcin A Czestochowa University of Technology 42-200 Czestochowa Poland

The main objective of the study was the modification of the surface layer of magnesium alloy by the COlaser. The studied material was the commercial AZ91 magnesium alloy. The effectiveness of the alternations caused by the remelting process was verified on the basis of microscopic observation and corrosion investigations, i e, recording of potentiodynamic polarization curves, electrochemical noise measurements and hydrogen evolution rate measurements. For the adopted range of the treatment parameters, favourable changes were observed in the surface layer such as the refinement of structure and more uniform arrangement of individual phases. As a consequence of those favourable structural changes the improvement of the corrosion resistance of the alloy was achieved in comparison to its non-remelted equivalent. For the treated material corrosion rates expressed as corrosion current densities were at least three times lower than the appropriate values for the untreated alloy comparing them for the same period of samples immersion in the test solution. The obtained results have confirmed the effectiveness of the applied surface treatment resulting in favourable changes in the structure and corrosion properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloy.

关键词： magnesium alloy CO_2 laser surface layer modification corrosion

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Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Fluorescence Properties of Four Coordination Polymers Based on Enantiomeric 2-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic Acid Ligands

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2020年第3期39卷 567-578,380页

作者： LIU Lu malik Abaid Ullah SHU Mou-Hai School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200240China

A pair of enatiomerically pure ligands,(r-)/(S-)2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid(H2L^r & H2L^S), have been synthesized by the reactions of 4-cyanobenzoic acid with L-and D-cysteine, respectively. Four coordination polymers have been prepared from the ligands and structurally determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complexes 1 r and 1 S([NiL(Py)(H2 O)]×H2 O, for 1 r, L =(L^r)^(2-);for 1 S, L =(L^S)^(2-)) exhibit chiral helical one-dimensional chains, and complexes 2 r and 2 S({[ZnL2(H2 O)3]×CH3 CN}n, for 2 r L =(L^r)^(2-), for 2 S L =(LS)^(2-)) are two-dimensional sheets. Luminescent and chir-optical properties have been investigated and compared with the free ligands. The complexes have blue-shift in luminescence spectrum compared with the free ligands.

关键词： coordination polymer crystal structure chiral ligand fluorescence

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Behavior of Anisotropic Compact Stars in f(r,∅) Gravity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第5期71卷 599-609页

作者： M.Farasat Shamir Adnan malik Department of Sciences and Humanities National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences

The aim of this paper is to investigate modified f(r, ?) theory of gravity, where r and ? represent the ricci scalar and scalar potential respectively. Specifically, we take the spherically symmetric spacetime to discuss the possible emergence of compact stars. We study the physical behavior of compact stars by considering 4 U 1820-30, SAX J1808-3658 and Her X1, which are three popular models of compact stars. The graphical analysis of energy density, radial pressure, tangential pressure, energy conditions as well as stability of compact stars has been shown. It is concluded that behavior of these three stars is usual for f(r, ?) gravity models with some specific choices of model parameters.

关键词： f(r,∅) gravity spherically symmetric spacetime compact stars Klein-Gordon equation

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Cumulative Capacity Credit Estimation for renewable Energy Projects

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第5期12卷 1643-1651页

作者： Arif S.malik Majid A.Al Umairi the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-Khod 123Oman Oman Electricity Transmission Company MuscatOman Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-Khod 123Oman

This paper presents a novel method for accurately estimating the cumulative capacity credit(CCC)of renewable energy(rE)*** data from the main interconnected system(MIS)of Oman for 2028,where a substantial increase in rE generation is anticipated,the method is introduced alongside the traditional effective load carrying capability(ELCC)*** ensure its robustness,we compare CCC results with ELCC calculations using two distinct standards of reliability criteria:loss of load hours(LOLH)at 24 hour/year and 2.4 hour/*** method consistently gives accurate results,emphasizing its exceptional accuracy,efficiency,and simplicity.A notable feature of the method is its independence from loss of load probability(LOLP)calculations and the iterative procedures associated with analytic-based reliability ***,it relies solely on readily available data such as annual hourly load profiles and hourly generation data from integrated rE *** innovation is of particular significance to prospective independent power producers(IPPs)in the rE sector,offering them a valuable tool for estimating capacity credits without the need for sensitive generating unit forced outage rate data,often restricted by privacy concerns.

关键词： Effective load carrying capability renewable energy resource capacity credit generation system reliability loss of load probability

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reprogramming cells with synthetic proteins

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第3期17卷 394-402页

作者： Xiaoxiao Yang Vikas malik ralf Jauch Genome regulation Laboratory Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences 190 Kai Yuan Avenue Science Park Guangzhou China

Conversion of one cell type into another cell type by forcibly expressing specific cocktails of transcription factors （TFs） has demonstrated that cell fates are not fixed and that cellular differentiation can be a two-way street with many intersections. These experiments also illustrated the sweeping potential of TFs to ＂read＂ genetically hardwired regulatory information even in cells where they are not normally expressed and to access and open up tightly packed chromatin to execute gene expression programs. Cellular reprogramming enables the modeling of diseases in a dish, to test the efficacy and toxicity of drugs in patient-derived cells and ultimately, could enable cell-based therapies to cure degenerative diseases. Yet, producing terminally differentiated cells that fully resemble their in vivo counterparts in sufficient quantities is still an unmet clinical need. While efforts are being made to reprogram cells nongeneticaUy by using *** molecules, defined TF cocktails still dominate reprogramming protocols. Therefore; the optimization of TFs by protein engineering has emerged as a strategy to enhance reprogramming to produce functional, stable and safe cells for regenerative biomedicine. Engineering approaches focused on Oct4, MyoD, Sox17, Nanog and Mef2c and range from chimeric TFs with added transactivation domains, designer transcription activator-like effectors to activate endogenous TFs to reprogramming TFs with rationally engineered DNA recognition principles. Possibly, applying the complete toolkit of protein design to cellular reprogramming can help to remove the hurdles that, thus far, impeded the clinical use of cells derived from reprogramming technologies.

关键词： cellular reprogramming protein design protein engineering synthetic transcription factors transactivation

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reduced bit low power VLSI architectures for motion estimation

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2013年第3期24卷 382-399页

作者： Shahrukh Agha Shahid Khan Shahzad malik raja riaz Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

Low power and real time very large scale integration （VLSI） architectures of motion estimation （ME） algorithms for mobile devices and applications are presented. The power reduction is achieved by devising a novel correction recovery mechanism based on algorithms which allow the use of reduced bit sum of absolute difference （rBSAD） metric for calculating matching error and conversion to full resolution sum of absolute difference （SAD） metric whenever necessary. Parallel and pipelined architectures for high throughput of full search ME corresponding to both the full resolution SAD and the generalized rBSAD algorithm are synthe- sized using Xilinx Synthesis Tools （XST）, where the ME designs based on reduced bit （rB） algorithms demonstrate the reduction in power consumption up to 45% and/or the reduction in area up to 38%.

关键词： motion estimation (ME) very large scale integration (VLSI) reduced bit sum of absolute difference (rBSAD).

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Fault Detection for Microgrid Feeders Using Features Based on Superimposed Positive-sequence Power

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1948-1958页

作者： Salauddin Ansari Om Hari Gupta Om P.malik Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJamshedpur 831014India IEEE Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of Calgary2500 University Drive NWCalgary Alberta T2N 1N4Canada

With the integration of distributed generation(DG) into a microgrid, fault detection has become a major task to accomplish. A scheme for microgrid feeder protection based on a newly proposed feature, ΔrP, defined as the ratio of the sum of positive-sequence real power(PSrP) at the two ends of the feeder to the larger of the PSrPs among the two ends, is proposed. If ΔrP is larger than a threshold, an internal fault is detected;otherwise, the fault is external or there is no fault. The proposed scheme is tested in various scenarios, including fault type, fault resistance, fault location, fault inception angle, varying DG penetration levels, and simultaneous, evolving, and composite faults. In addition to this, the proposed scheme offers a robust performance when subjected to noise, synchronization error, changes in sampling frequency, and changes in the topology of a microgrid. The dominancy of the proposed scheme is proven by a comprehensive comparative study with various available recent schemes. Test results on the IEEE 13-bus network indicate the viability of the proposed protection scheme for a microgrid. Finally, the proposed scheme has been validated on a real-time simulator.

关键词： Fault detection distributed generation microgrid protection superimposed power

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A Correlation Visual Analytics System for Air Quality

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2018年第5期27卷 920-926页

作者： DU Yi Abish malik ZHOU Lianke ZHOU Yuanchun Department of Big Data Technology and Application Development Computer Network Information CenterChinese Academy of Sciences

A visual analytics system is proposed to reveal the lead/lag correlation when air pollution is detected. In this system, an Overview + Detail approach is utilized for analyzing the correlation of air quality under both the spatial and temporal dimensions and different spatial-temporal scales. An annular container is proposed to preserve the context spatial information while the zoom level of the map changes. Based on the annular container, several analysis techniques such as STL decomposition view and correlation algorithm are integrated.

关键词： Spatial-temporal visualization Time series visualization Correlation analysis Air pollution

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