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Fabrication of High-Density Out-of-Plane microneedle Arrays with Various Heights and Diverse Cross-Sectional Shapes

Nano-micro Letters 2022年第2期14卷 60-78页

作者： Hyeonhee roh Young Jun Yoon Jin Soo Park Dong-Hyun Kang Seung min Kwak Byung Chul Lee maesoon im Brain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792South Korea Division of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841South Korea micro/Nano Fabrication Center KISTSeoul 02792South Korea Division of Bio‑medical Science&Technology KIST SchoolUniversity of Science&Technology(UST)Seoul 02792South Korea

Out-of-plane microneedle structures are widely used in various applications such as transcutaneous drug delivery and neural signal recording for brain machine *** work presents a novel but simple method to fabricate high-density silicon(Si)microneedle arrays with various heights and diverse cross-sectional shapes depending on photomask pattern *** proposed fabrication method is composed of a single photolithography and two subsequent deep reactive ion etching(DrIE)***,a photoresist layer was patterned on a Si substrate to define areas to be etched,which will eventually determine the final location and shape of each individual ***,the 1st DrIE step created deep trenches with a highly anisotropic etching of the Si ***,the photoresist was removed for more isotropic etching;the 2nd DrIE isolated and sharpened microneedles from the predefined trench *** on diverse photomask designs,the 2nd DrIE formed arrays of microneedles that have various height distributions,as well as diverse cross-sectional shapes across the *** these simple steps,high-aspect ratio microneedles were created in the high density of up to 625 microneedles mm^(-2)on a Si *** tests showed a small force as low as~172μN/microneedle is required for microneedle arrays to penetrate the dura mater of a mouse *** demonstrate a feasibility of drug delivery application,we also implemented silk microneedle arrays using molding *** fabrication method of the present study is expected to be broadly applicable to create microneedle structures for drug delivery,neuroprosthetic devices,and so on.

关键词： microneedle Various heights Cross-sectional shapes Isotropic etch Deep reactive ion etching

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reproductive cycle of the oyster Crassostrea(magallana)saidii(Wong and Sigwart,2021)from Southeast Asia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第4期9卷 653-662页

作者： Arun Chandra Barman Nur Leena W.S.Wong murni marlina Abd karim Department of Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangSelangor43400Malaysia Bangladesh Fisheries research Institute(BFrI) Mymensingh2201Bangladesh International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences(I-AQUAS) Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangSelangor43400Malaysia

Crassostrea(magallana)saidii has been commercially ranched in malaysia and consumed for more than 160 years,but it was only recently identified as a new species to *** study was conducted to evaluate the reproductive phenology of C.(m.)*** of 30 individual oysters were taken monthly for 15 months from the sole population at Sungai muar estuary in Johor,*** sex ratio was 1:1.64(male:female)for all examined specimens,with female numbers significantly *** was detected in 1.56%of all *** peaks in April(2019)and November(2018 and 2019),and were positively associated with the increased rainfall *** occurred throughout the research period with temporal *** highest values of maturity index(mI)were recorded in march,August and October 2019,when most oysters were in matured and maturing *** index(CI)ranged from 31.90±1.25(April 2019)to 70.03±3.23(October 2019),exhibiting two peaks(march and October 2019)and subsequently reduced in CI indicating spawning consistency with histological *** stressors such as heavy sedimentation and inland development are threatening the survival of this *** understanding of their reproductive biology is essential to ensure the survival and sustainability of C.(m.)saidii fishery.

关键词： Crassostrea(m.)saidii Gonad phenology Sex ratio maturity index Condition index Oyster

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A novel long non-coding rNA NFIA-AS1 is down-regulated in gastric cancer and inhibits proliferation of gastric cancer cells

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The Journal of Biomedical research 2019年第6期33卷 371-381页

作者： Jing Wang Xuezhi He Xiyi Lu muhammad Amin karim Dengshun miao Erbao Zhang Departments of Anatomy Histology and Embryologythe Research Center for Bone and Stem CellsNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Department of Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumors whose morbidity and mortality account for the second and third place respectively in malignant tumors in *** an important participant in tumor biology,the abnormal expression of long non-coding rNA(lncrNAs)in cancer cells is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors and plays the role of oncogenes or tumor suppressor *** this study,we identified a novel lncrNA NFIA antisense rNA 1(NFIA-AS1)and explored its role and clinical significance in gastric ***-time quantitative PCr was performed to detect the expression of NFIA-AS1 in tumor tissues and corresponding normal tissues from 42 pairs of gastric cancer *** lower expression of NFIA-AS1 was significantly associated with larger tumor size,lower histological grade,and advanced TNm ***-meier analysis showed that NFIA-AS1 expression could be used as an independent predictor of overall *** also demonstrated that overexpression of NFIA-AS1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells through affecting p16 *** conclusion,our results suggest that the lncrNA NFIA-AS1 may play the role of tumor suppressor gene,and serve as a biomarker for prognosis or progression of gastric cancer.

关键词： gastric cancer long non-coding rNA NFIA antisense rNA 1(NFIA-AS1) cell proliferation

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memory-centric neuromorphic computing for unstructured data processing

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Nano research 2021年第9期14卷 3126-3142页

作者： Sang Hyun Sung Tae Jin Kim Hera Shin Hoon Namkung Tae Hong im Hee Seung Wang Keon Jae Lee Department of materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea

The unstructured data such as visual information,natural language,and human behaviors opens up a wide array of opportunities in the field of artificial intelligence(Al).The memory-centric neuromorphic computing(mNC)has been proposed for the efficient processing of unstructured data,bypassing the von Neumann bottleneck of current computing *** development of mNC would provide massively parallel processing of unstructured data,realizing the cognitive Al in edge and wearable *** this review,recent advances in memory-centric neuromorphic devices are discussed in terms of emerging nonvolatile memories,volatile switches,synaptic plasticity,neuronal models,and memristive neural network.

关键词： neuromorphic computing memory-centric memristor artificial synapses artificial neurons memristive neural network

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Alpha Decay Half-Lives of New Superheavy Elements through Quasimolecular Shapes

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第7期23卷 1734-1737页

作者：张鸿飞李君清左维陈宝秋马中玉 Soojae im royer Guy Institute of modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 research Center of Nuclear Theory of Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Lanzhou 730000 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100030 China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 Laboratoire Subatech UMR: IN2P3/CNRS-Uniyersité-Ecole des Mines 4 rue A. Kastler 44307 Nantes Cedex 03 France

The lifetimes of a decays of the recently produced isotopes of the elements 112, 114, 116 and the element ^294118 and of some decay products have been calculated theoretically within the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation. The a decay barriers have been determined in the quasimolecular shape path within a generalized liquid drop model including the proximity effects between nuclei in a neck, the mass and charge asymmetry and the precise nuclear radius. These calculations provide reasonable estimates for the observed a decay lifetimes. The calculated results have been compared with the results of the density-dependent m3Y effective interaction and the experimental data. It is indicated that the theoretical foundation of the generalized liquid drop model is as good as that of the microscopic DDm3Y model, at least in the sense of predicting the T1/2 values as long as one uses a correct a decay energy. The half lives of these new nuclei are well tested from the consistence of the macroscopic, the microscopic and the experimental data.

关键词： LIQUID-DrOP mODEL DEFOrmED POTENTIAL-ENErGY HEAVIEST ELEmENTS CrEVICEDSHAPES NUCLEI EmISSION FISSION CA-48 BArrIEr COmPACT

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Experimental Investigation of Environmental Hydraulic Parameters for Dual mixed media Biofilter for Greywater Treatment

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第8期1卷 986-992页

作者： karim rashid Gubashi Environmental Engineering Department College of Engineering University of Al-Mustansiriya Baghdad 10001 Iraq

Laboratory scale model of DmmBF （dual mixed media biofilter） were designed and installed in AI-mustansiriya University Environmental Hydraulic Lab. Experiments were conducted using two mixed layers through PVr column--2.2 m height and 300 mm diameter. The first mixed media filter of depth 640mm mixed of sand, rice husk and granular activated carbon. The percentage volume mix is 1：1：1. While the other mixed media of depth 740 mm, consisting of coal, crash porcelinaite, rock and granite with equally percentage volume. Fifty samples were collected during the experiments, which was spread over a period of forty two weeks. The obtained results indicate that when the flow loading raised from 0.15 L/min to 2.7 L/rain, the removal efficiency of BOD decreased 8%-11%, and the removal efficiency of COD deceased 3%-4%, while the removal efficiency of turbidity increased with the decreasing of hydraulic loading. The results showed that the removal efficiency of turbidity is more than 95% at the lower discharge （0.15 L/min）. Therefore, infiltration should be conservatively designed using low loading rates.

关键词： Hydraulic parameters dual mixed media greywater treatment removal efficiency turbidity COD BOD.

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Luminescent polymer electrolytes based on chitosan and containing europium triflate

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Journal of rare Earths 2016年第7期34卷 661-666页

作者： r.Alves A.S.S.de Camargo A.Pawlicka m.m.Silva Center of Chemistry University of MinhoGualtar4710-057 BragaPortugal Sao Carlos Institute of Physics University of Sao Paulo13566-590 Sao Carlos-SPBrazil Sao Carlos Institute of Chemistry University of Sao Paulo13566-590 Sao Carlos-SPBrazil

Solid polymer electrolytes based on chitosan and europium triflate were prepared by solvent casting and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy （SEm）, atomic force microscopy （AFm）, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction exhibited that the samples were essentially amorphous with organized regions over the whole range of the salt content studied. The AFm analysis demonstrated that the smoother sample had roughness of 4.39 nm. Surface visualization through SEm revealed good homogeneity without any phase separation for more conductive samples and the less conductive showed some im- perfections on the surface. The emission and excitation spectra displayed the characteristic bands of Eu（CF3SO3）3 in addition to broad bands corresponding to the polymer host. The excited state 5D0 lifetime values ranged from 0.29-0.37 ms for the studied samples.

关键词： solid polymer electrolytes natural polymers photoluminescence spectroscopy rare earths

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The application of proximal visible and near-infrared spectroscopy to estimate soil organic matter on the Triffa Plain of morocco

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International Soil and Water Conservation research 2020年第2期8卷 195-204页

作者： Ayoub Lazaar Abdul mounem mouazen Kamal EL Hammouti michael Fullen Biswajeet Pradhan muhammad Sohail memon karim Andich Abdelilah monir Laboratory of Applied Geosciences Department of GeologyFaculty of ScienceMohammed First UniversityOujdaMorocco Division of mechatronics Biostatistics and Sensors(MeBioS)Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringKasteelpark Arenberg 30B-3001 HeverleeBelgium Faculty of Science and Engineering University of WolverhamptonWolverhamptonWV11LYUnited Kingdom Center for Advanced modelling and Geospatial Information Systems(CAmGIS) Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneySydney2007NSWAustralia Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sindh Agriculture UniversityTandojam70060Pakistan Laboratory of Applied Geomatics and Soil Science National Institute of Agronomic Research(INRA)OujdaMorocco Department of mathematics EDP and Scientific Computing TeamMoulay Ismail UniversityMéknesMorocco

Soil organic matter (SOm) is a fundamental soil constituent. The estimation of this parameter in the laboratory using the classical method is complex time-consuming and requires the use of chemical re-agents. The objectives of this study were to assess the accuracy of two laboratory measurement setups of the VIS-NIr spectroscopy in estimating SOm content and determine the important spectral bands in the SOm estimation model. A total of 115 soil samples were collected from the non-root zone (0-20 cm) of soil in the study area of the Triffa Plain and then analysed for SOm in the laboratory by the Walkley-Black method. The reflectance spectra of soil samples were measured by two protocols, Contact Probe (CP) and Pistol Grip (PG)) of the ASD spectroradiometer (350-2500 nm) in the laboratory. Partial least squares regression (PLSr) was used to develop the prediction models. The results of coefficient of determination (r2) and the root mean square error (rmSE) showed that the pistol grip offers reasonable accuracy with an r2=0.93 and rmSE=0.13 compared to the contact probe protocol with an r2=0.85 and rmSE = 0.19. The near-Infrared range were more accurate than those in the visible range for pre-dicting SOm using the both setups (CP and PG). The significant wavelengths contributing to the pre-diction of SOm for (PG) setup were at:424, 597, 1432, 1484, 1830,1920, 2200, 2357 and 2430 nm, while were at 433, 587, 1380, 1431, 1929, 2200 and 2345 nm for (CP) setup.

关键词： Soil organic matter VIS-NIr spectroscopy reflectance spectra SOm estimation SOm analysis

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Plant Diversity of the Baraiyadhala National Park in Chattogram, Bangladesh

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第3期14卷 357-376页

作者： m. r. karim m. F. Ahsan S. B. Uddin A. S. m. S. rahman Department of Zoology University of Chittagong Chattagram Bangladesh Department of Botany University of Chittagong Chattagram Bangladesh Department of Zoology Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh

The floristic diversity was carried out from the selected trails while studying wildlife at the Baraiyadhala National Park of Chattogram in Bangladesh from August 2012 to July 2013 and June to October 2017. In total 267 species of plants (Bryophytes three, Pteridophytes 15, Gymnosperm one, Dicotyledons 200 and monocotyledons 48) belonging to 186 genera and 80 families were recorded, which included 102 (38.20%) species of trees, 84 (31.46%) shrubs, 66 (24.71%) herbs and 15 (5.61%) species of climbers. Overall, Euphorbiaceae (dicotyledon) constituted the largest family in the study area having 12 genera and 18 species, while Cyperaceae (monocotyledon) was the second largest family represented by four genera and 11 species. The single gymnosperm species was Cycas pectinata Griff. (Assam cycas) under Cycadaceae family that naturally grows there. most of the recorded plants were terrestrial while the others were aquatic or swampy. Among the plants, 210 (78.66%) species were native, of which 152 were Native (wild), 40 Native (wild & cultivated) and 18 Native (cultivated), and the remaining 57 (21.34%) alien species. Of the alien species seven were Alien (wild), ten Alien (wild and cultivated), four Alien (invasive) and 36 Alien (cultivated). Of the 267-plant species, the highest number was medicinally followed by 41 edible, 31 timber, 13 fuel wood and ornamental, 13 fodder, seven ornamental, six species used for domestic purposes and fodder, five edible and medicinal, three vegetables, two vegetables and medicinal, two edible and timber, two timber and leaf, two ornamental and medicinal, one chemical indicator, one ornamental and timber, and the use of 17 rest species was unknown.

关键词： Plant Diversity Baraiyadhala National Park Chattogram Bangladesh

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Flexible thermocells for utilization of body heat

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Nano research 2014年第4期7卷 443-452页

作者： Hyeongwook im Hyung Geun moon Jeong Seok Lee In Young Chung Tae June Kang Yong Hyup Kim School of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Kwangwook University Seou1139-701 Republic of Korea Department of Nanofusion Technology Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea

Plastic thermo-electrochemical ceils （thermocells） involving aqueous potassium ferricyanide/ferrocyanide electrolyte have been investigated as an alternative to conventional thermoelectrics for thermal energy harvesting. Plastic thermocells that consist of all pliable materials such as polyethylene terephthalate （PET）, fabrics, and wires are flexible enough to be wearable on the human body and to be wrapped around cylindrical shapes. The performance of the thermocells is enhanced by incorporating carbon nanotubes into activated carbon textiles, due to improved charge transfer at the interface. In cold weather conditions （a surrounding temperature of 5 ℃）, the thermocell generates a short-circuit current density of 0.39 A/m2 and maximum power density of 0.46 mW/m2 from body heat （temperature of 36℃）. For practical use, we have shown that the thermocell charges up a capacitor when worn on a T-shirt by a person. We also have demonstrated that the electrical energy generated from waste pipe heat using a serial array of the thermocells and voltage converters can power a typical commercial light emitting diode （LED）.

关键词： wearable thermocell body heat waste heat recovery carbon nanotubes activated carbon textile porous electrode

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