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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 1-18页

作者： Sukhwa Hong Jiseon Kim Jaebeom Park Sunmi im michael r.Hoffmann Kangwoo Cho Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 790−784Korea Linde Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Institute for Convergence research and Education in Advanced Technology(I‑CrEATE) Yonsei University International CampusIncheon 21983Republic of Korea

Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2)production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy *** study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2)overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment *** dilute(0.1 m)NaCl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2)marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).robust operation in near-neutral pH was *** including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for Cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic *** electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive *** scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.

关键词： Wastewater electrolysis cell Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4) reactive chlorine species Decentralized H_(2)production On-site wastewater treatment

Steel Surface Defect Detection Using Learnable memory Vision Transformer

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Computers, materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 499-520页

作者： Syed Tasnimul karim Ayon Farhan md.Siraj Jia Uddin Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC UniversityDhaka1212Bangladesh Department of AI and Big Data Endicott CollegeWoosong UniversityDaejeon34606Republic of Korea

This study investigates the application of Learnable memory Vision Transformers(LmViT)for detecting metal surface flaws,comparing their performance with traditional CNNs,specifically resNet18 and resNet50,as well as other transformer-based models including Token to Token ViT,ViT withoutmemory,and Parallel *** awidely-used steel surface defect dataset,the research applies data augmentation and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding(t-SNE)to enhance feature extraction and *** techniques mitigated overfitting,stabilized training,and improved generalization *** LmViT model achieved a test accuracy of 97.22%,significantly outperforming resNet18(88.89%)and resNet50(88.90%),aswell as the Token to TokenViT(88.46%),ViT without memory(87.18),and Parallel ViT(91.03%).Furthermore,LmViT exhibited superior training and validation performance,attaining a validation accuracy of 98.2%compared to 91.0%for resNet 18,96.0%for resNet50,and 89.12%,87.51%,and 91.21%for Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT,*** findings highlight the LmViT’s ability to capture long-range dependencies in images,an areawhere CNNs struggle due to their reliance on local receptive fields and hierarchical feature *** additional transformer-based models also demonstrate improved performance in capturing complex features over CNNs,with LmViT excelling particularly at detecting subtle and complex defects,which is critical for maintaining product quality and operational efficiency in industrial *** instance,the LmViT model successfully identified fine scratches and minor surface irregularities that CNNs often *** study not only demonstrates LmViT’s potential for real-world defect detection but also underscores the promise of other transformer-based architectures like Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT in industrial scenarios where complex spatial relationships are *** research m

关键词： Learnable memory Vision Transformer(LmViT) Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) metal surface defect detection deep learning,computer vision image classification learnable memory gradient clipping label smoothing t-SNE visualization

Structural and opto-electrical properties of pyrolized ZnO-CdO crystalline thin films

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第5期36卷 1-7页

作者： A.m.m.Tanveer karim m.K.r.Khan m.mozibur rahman Department of Physics Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Department of Physics University of Rajshahi

A series of ZnO-CdO thin films of different molar ratios of Zn and Cd have been deposited on glass sub- strate at substrate temperature -360℃ by the spray pyrolysis technique at an ambient atmosphere. X-ray diffraction （XrD） studies confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the film and modulated crystal structures ofwurtzite （ZnO） and cubic （CdO） are formed. The evaluated lattice parameters, and crystallite size are consistent with literature. Dislocation density and strain increased in the film as the grain sizes of ZnO and CdO are decreased. The band gap energy varies from 3.20 to 2.21 eV depending on the Zn/Cd ratios in the film. An incident photon intensity dependent I-V study confirmed that the films are highly photosensitive. Current increased with the increase of the intensity of the light beam. The optical conductivity and the optical constants, such as extinction coefficient, refractive index and complex dielectric constants are evaluated from transmittance and reflectance spectra of the films and these parameters are found to be sensitive to photon energy and displayed intermediate optical properties between ZnO and CdO, making it preferable for applications as the buffer and window layers in solar cells.

关键词： ZnO-CdO buffer layers XrD spray pyrolysis

Preparation and Properties of PBXs Based on FOX-7 in Controlled Fragmentation Warhead Application

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含能材料 2018年第10期26卷 843-849页

作者： karim K Elsharkawy Lin Guo Ahmed m Enew School of Chemistry and Environment Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Chemical Department Faculty of EngineeringCairo University

Polymer bonded explosive(PBX)formulations were successfully prepared in the laboratory scale containing 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene(FOX-7)and hexogen(rDX)as brisant high explosives and different binder types of polyurethane(PU)based on glycidyl azide polymer(GAP) and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) as an energetic and inert polymeric binder *** technique was used for the preparation of different PBX formulations based on FOX-7/rDX and PU(GAP/HTPB)with 14% *** sensitivity to different initial impulses and performance characteristics of the explosive and lethal zone of the tested controlled fragmentation warhead by the fragmentation warhead assessment test(arena test)were studied,in which the arena test was carried out with a controlled fragmentation warhead made from Ck45 steel,with dimensions(100 mm length,30 mm outer diameter and 3 mm thickness).results show that PBXGF4 has lower sensitivity to impact and heat than those of PBXGr4 by 188.4% and 3.2% *** friction sensitivity is the same as that of *** has better performance,in which detonation velocity increases by 2.1% and brisance increases by 0.5% when compared with those of *** was concluded that PBXGF4 which based on FOX-7 bonded with PU/GAP matrix has good characteristics as PBX,specially in the sensitivity to impact and can be applied for replacing PBXs based on rDX in the advanced PBXs for low sensitive fragmentation warheads.

关键词： polymer bonded explosive(PBX) controlled fragmentation warhead 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene(FOX-7) hexo-gen(rDX) preparation sensitivity performance characterization arena test

Sucrose-responsive osmoregulation of plant cell size by a long non-coding rNA

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molecular Plant 2024年第11期17卷 1719-1732页

作者： Jakub Hajný Tereza Trávnícková martina pundová michelle roenspies r.m.im.iaz karim.rony Sebastian Sacharowski michal Krzyszton David Zalabák Christian S.Hardtke Ales Pecinka Holger Puchta Szymon Swiezewski Jaimie m.van Norman Ondrej Novák Laboratory of Growth regulators Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Experimental Botany and Palacky UniversitySlechtitelu 2777900 OlomoucCzech Republic Department of Biophysics Faculty of SciencePalacky UniversitySlechtitelu 2777900 OlomoucCzech Republic Joseph Gottlieb Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences(JKIP)–molecular Biology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76131 KarlsruheGermany Department of molecular Celland Systems BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA Laboratory of Seeds molecular Biology Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of SciencesPawinskiego 5a02-106 WarsawPoland Department of Plant molecular Biology University of Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland Center of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics Institute of Experimental BotanyCzech Academy of SciencesSlechtitelu 3177900 OlomoucCzech Republic Department of molecular Celland Developmental BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA

In plants,sugars are the key source of energy and metabolic building *** systemic transport of sugars is essential for plant growth and *** evolved intricate molecular networks to effectively distribute *** dynamic distribution of these osmotically active compounds is a handy tool for regulating cell turgor pressure,an instructive force in developmental *** this study,we have investigated the molecular mechanism behind the dual role of the receptor-like kinase *** functionally characterized a long non-coding rNA,CArmA,as a negative regulator of *** CArmA specifically fine-tunes CANAr expression in the phloem,the route of sugar *** genetic,molecular,microscopy,and biophysical data suggest that the CArmA–CANAr module controls the shoot-to-root phloem transport of sugars,allows cells to flexibly adapt to the external osmolality by appropriate water uptake,and thus adjust the size of vascular cell types during organ growth and *** study identifies a nexus of plant vascular tissue formation with cell internal pressure monitoring,revealing a novel functional aspect of long non-coding rNAs in developmental biology.

关键词： lncrNA auxin turgor sugar transport cell size

Evaluation of antitumour activity of Calotropis gigantea *** bark against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2011年第10期4卷 786-790页

作者： m rowshahul Habib m rezaul karim Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology Faculty of ScienceRajshahi UniversityRajshahi-6205Bangladesh

Objective:To investigate experimentally the possible antitumor effect of methanol extract(mE) of Calotropis gigantea L.(***) root bark and its petroleum ether(PEF) and chloroform(CF) soluble fractions against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC) in Swiss albino ***:The effects of mE(10 and 20 mg/kg),PEF(40 and 80 mg/kg) and CF(20 and 40 mg/kg) on the growth of EAC and life span of EAC bearing mice were *** profile and biochemical parameters(SAI.P,SGPT and SCOT) were also ***:results of in vivo study showed a significant decrease in viable tumor cell count and a significant increase of life span in the mE and CF treated group compared to untreated *** life span of mE and CF treated animals was significandy(Preased by 43.90%(20 mg mE/kg) and 57.07%(40 mg CF/kg).mE and CF brought back the hematological parameter more or less normal *** and CF also restored the altered levels of serum alkaline phosphatase(SALP) and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(SGOT).Conclusions:methanol extract(mE) of *** root bark and its chloroform soluble fraction(CF) possesses significant antitumor activity.

关键词： Calotropis gigantea Antitumor Ehrlich ascites carcinoma root bark

羧基和咪唑基团在柚柠檬苦素类化合物糖基转移酶催化反应中的作用(英文)

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催化学报 2010年第12期31卷 1445-1451页

作者： m.r.karim F.HASHINAGA Department of Biochemical Science and Technology Faculty of AgricultureKagoshima University

Limonoid bitterness is a serious problem in the citrus industry worldwide. Limonoid glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of bitter limonoid into non-bitter limonoid glucoside while retaining the health benefit of limonoids in the juice. The immobilization of this enzyme in a column can solve the juice bitterness problem. more information about the catalytic residues of the enzyme is needed in this immobilization process. Glutamate/aspartate,histidine,lysine,tryptophan,serine,and cysteine residues were chemi-cally modified to investigate their roles in the catalytic function of limonoid glucosyltransferase. Inactivation of the enzyme following modi-fication of carboxyl and imidazole moieties was a consequence of a loss in substrate binding and catalysis in the glucosyltransfer reaction. The modification of a single histidine residue completely destroyed the ability of limonoid glucosyltransferase to transfer the D-glucopyranosyl unit. Tryptophan seemed to have some role in maintaining the active conformation of the catalytic site. Lysine also seemed to have some direct or indirect role in this catalysis but the modification of serine and cysteine did not have any effect on catalysis. Therefore,we conclude that the carboxyl and imidazole groups containing amino acids are responsible for the catalytic action of the enzyme.

关键词： chemical modification catalytic residue carboxyl group imidazole group uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase pummelo albedo

Effects of Plasticizers,Antioxidants and Burning rate modifiers on Aging Performance of the HTPB/HmDI Composite Solid Propellant

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含能材料 2019年第1期27卷 21-27,90页

作者： Ahmed m Enew Ehab Abadir Sahar Elmarsafy karim K Elsharkawy Chemical Department Faculty of EngineeringCairo University School of Chemistry and Environment Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

The effects of plasticizers,antioxidants and burning rate modifiers on the aging performance of the composite solid propellant based on hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)/hexamethylene diisocyanate(HmDI)were explored by apply-ing an accelerated aging program for 90 day at 70 ℃. The HTPB propellant matrix with the diisooctyl sebacate(DOS)as plasti-cizers and diisooctyl azelate(DOZ), antioxidants as N,N ′-Diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine(AO) and 2,2′-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol)(cyanox 2246)and burning rate modifiers as barium ferrite(BF),copper chromites(CC)and fer-ric oxide(FO)were varied. results show that sample(S1)which based on DOS decreases the stress value and increases the strain value which considered to be an excellent start for aging program. Sample(S3)containing AO presents the higher resis-tance to oxidation showing the better performance that reflects on increasing the shelf life of the composite solid propellant mo-tor. Sample(S5)which based on BF enhances the ballistic performance among over the other tested two samples. The accelerat-ed aging program allowed us to estimate the motor in-service lifetime.

关键词： polybutadiene(HTPB)/hexamethylene diisocyanate(HmDI)composite solid propellant plasticizers antioxidants burning rate modifiers aging program

Spatial analysis of vegetation cover response to climate trends in Khakassia(South Siberia)

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Journal of mountain Science 2023年第10期20卷 2869-2884页

作者： im Sergei Institute of Natural Sciences and mathematics Khakassian State University named after N.F.KatanovAbakan 655000Russia V.N.Sukachev Institute of Forest Krasnoyarsk Science Centre of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of ScienceKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia Institute of Ecology and Geography Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660041Russia Institute of Space research and High Technologies Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and TechnologyKrasnoyarsk660014Russia

An analysis of the changes in vegetation cover on the territory of the republic of Khakassia in 2000–2021 due to climatic trends was carried out based on the mODIS *** changes in vegetation cover were estimated based on trends in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)and Enhanced Vegetation Index(EVI).In general,in the 21st century,an increase in the biomass of vegetation cover is *** trends were observed in 16%–22%of the territory,and negative only in 1%–3%.For about 20%of the analyzed territory,a significant influence of climate on the changes in vegetation cover was *** most pronounced negative impact on vegetation cover was caused by summer air and soil temperatures,spring temperature,and summer winds,and the positive impact was caused by summer precipitation and soil *** response of the vegetation cover to climate was non-uniform concerning the ***,a significant correlation with the amount of precipitation was observed for~20%–35%of vegetation growing below 600 m above sea level and for less than 5%above this *** negative effect of summer temperatures on plants prevailed mainly at an elevation below~1400 m above sea *** climate change is likely to lead to significant degradation of vegetation in the steppe and foreststeppe in Khakassia in the coming decades.

关键词： Khakassia South Siberia Vegetation cover Climate trends remote sensing mODIS NDVI EVI relief

On Crossed Product Algebras over Henselian Valued Fields

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Algebra Colloquium 2020年第3期27卷 389-404页

作者： Driss Bennis karim mounirh Faculty of Sciences Research Center CeReMAR Mohammed V University in RabatRabatMorocco

Let D be a tame central division algebra over a Henselian valued field E,D be the residue division algebra of D,E be the residue field of E,and n be a positive *** prove that m_(n)(D)has a strictly maximal subfield which is Galois(resp.,abelian)over E if and only if m_(n)(D)has a strictly maximal subfield K which is Galois(resp.,abelian)and tame over E withГ_(K)■Г_(D),whereГ_(K)andГ_(D)are the value groups of K and D,*** partially generalizes the result proved by Hanke et *** 2016 for the case n=1.

关键词： (graded)Brauer group valued division algebras Henselization graded division algebras gauges