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1H-MrS测量肝脏代谢产物的浓度

国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第1期 68-68页

作者： r.Ouwerkerk r.i.pettigrew A.M.Gharib 赵健仪 Biomedical and Metabolic imaging Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of Health10 Center DrCRC Building 10Room 3-5340MSC 1263BethesdaMD 20892-1263

目的确定1H-MrS活体测量人肝脏胆碱和糖原浓度的可行性。材料与方法研究获得受试者签字同意和单位审查委员会许可,符合HiPAA要求,在285d内共46名受试者[平均年龄(46±17)岁;女性24名]参与研究。采用导航门控,以TE35ms,选择8mL的容积进... 详细信息

目的确定1H-MrS活体测量人肝脏胆碱和糖原浓度的可行性。材料与方法研究获得受试者签字同意和单位审查委员会许可,符合HiPAA要求,在285d内共46名受试者[平均年龄(46±17)岁;女性24名]参与研究。采用导航门控,以TE35ms,选择8mL的容积进行点解析(PrESS)MrS。为减小谱线宽度,测定快速屏气的B0场梯度并进一步手动匀场。分别记录水抑制和无水抑制的导航门控波谱,确定代谢产物的浓度,而以水的信号作为内部参照。在3名受试者中,改变TE时间以确定肝糖原和胆碱的T2值。采用线性回归分析胆碱、肝脏脂肪含量、体质量指数、肝糖原含量和年龄之间的相关性。结果在48次实验中,46次可确定胆碱浓度,结果为(8.6±3.1)mmol/kg(3.8～17.6mmol/kg;n=44)。25名受试者的27个波谱具有窄的峰宽和较低的脂肪含量,能够对肝糖原进行定量。肝糖原(葡萄糖基单位)浓度为(38.1±14.4)mmol/kg。3名受试者肝脏内糖原峰的T2值为(36±8)ms。胆碱峰较低,但与肝糖原相关(r2=0.15;PrESS1H-MrS可以定量评价肝脏内的代谢产物,这对于了解和发现肝脏的糖与脂质代谢异常有重要意义。

关键词： H-MrS 代谢产物胆碱肝脏代谢物三甲基烷基铵肝糖原肝醣

Youth Participation at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster risk reduction

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international Journal of Disaster risk Science 2015年第2期6卷 150-163页

作者： Lydia Cumiskey Tam Hoang Sachi Suzuki Claire pettigrew Moa M.Herrgard Disaster risk reduction Working Group UN Major Group for Children&Youth Youth Beyond Disasters Water Youth Network Marine and Coastal Systems Health and Safety Emergency Management and Business Continuity UnitVictoria University Standing Committee on Human right and Peace International Federation of Medical Students’Associations Department of Engineering Tohoku University

This article summarizes and analyzes the Children & Youth Forum and youth participation in the process during and leading up to the Third UN World Conference on Disaster risk reduction(WCDrr) in2015. An organizing committee consisting of international students and young professionals brought together around200 young professionals and students from around the globe to exchange ideas and knowledge on reducing disaster risk, building resilient communities, and advocating for the inclusion of youth priorities within the Sendai Framework for Disaster risk reduction 2015–2030(SFDrr). The knowledge exchange during the Forum was structured around a Toolbox for resilience that connected to the SFDrr section on Priorities for Action. This article presents the outcomes of these young people’s participation in the disaster risk reduction capacity building eventsand policy-making, as well as the follow-up actions envisioned by the young participants of the Forum. The voices of the younger generation were heard in the SFDrr and young people are ready to expand their actions for the framework’s effective implementation. Young people call on technical experts, donors, NGOs, agencies, governments, and academia to partner with them on this journey to create a more resilient tomorrow together.

关键词： Children & Youth Forum Disaster risk reduction SFDrr Toolbox for resilience

Human-carnivore conflict in China: a review of current approaches with recommendations for improved management

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integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 210-226页

作者： Melissa pettigrew Yan XiE Aili KANG Madhu rAO John GOODriCH Tong LiU Joshua BErGEr School of Biological Sciences Flinders UniversityAdelaideSouth Australia Wildlife Conservation Society China Program BeijingChina institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Wildlife Conservation Society New YorkUSA AgroParisTech Paris Institute of Technology for LifeFood and Environmental SciencesParisFrance

Human-wildlife conflict(HWC)is a conservation concern that increasingly threatens the continued existence of some of the world’s most endangered *** an increase in human population,urban sprawl and subsequent encroachment on wild land,human and wildlife interaction has become *** the majority of cases,this interaction results in a negative outcome for humans,wildlife or *** China,these key elements,along with a decrease in wild prey species,have resulted in the expansion of HWC encounters,and the need for alleviating this conflict has become a conservation *** of human life,livestock and/or crops is most often the catalysts that fuel *** to alleviate conflict around the world have included preventative measures and mitigation techniques,such as financial compensation and other incentive *** types of measures have had variable *** review the current status of human-carnivore conflict management in China,and,drawing lessons from around the globe,we make recommendations for improving conservation management in *** example,an increase in law enforcement in nature reserves is vital to reducing human disturbance in prime carnivore habitat,thereby reducing conflict ***,modifications to current wildlife compensation programs,so that they are linked with preventative measures,will ensure that moral hazards are ***,investigating the potential for a community self-financed insurance scheme to fund compensation and increasing efforts to restore wild prey populations will improve the outcome for wildlife ***,HWC management in China will greatly benefit from an integrative approach.

关键词： China human-wildlife conflict wildlife compensation

Supplementation of different fat sources affects growth performance and carcass composition of finishing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 949-956页

作者： Yanhong Liu Dong Yong Kil Victor G.Perez-Mendoza Minho Song James E.pettigrew Department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Chung-Ang UniversityAnseongSouth Korea Pancosma QuincyILUSA Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea

Background: There are various fat sources with different energy values and fatty acid compositions that may affect growth performance and carcass composition of grow-finishing pigs. A higher net energy was recently reported in choice white grease compared with soybean oil. Therefore, two experiments were conducted to determine whether practical responses confirm that difference between choice white grease and soybean oil, and to extend the observations to other fat ***: in Exp. 1, pigs fed fats had lower(P rage daily feed intake in phase ii and overall period,greater(P in:feed in phase i, phase ii, and overall period than pigs fed the control diet. Pigs fed fats tended(P = 0.057) to have thicker backfat depth at the last rib than those fed control. Pigs fed 6% fats had greater(P in:feed in phase ii and overall period than pigs fed 3% fats. During phase i, pigs fed choice white grease grew faster(P igs fed soybean oil. in Exp. 2, pigs fed dietary fats(soybean oil, choice white grease, animal-vegetable blend, palm oil, or tallow) had greater(P in:feed in each phase and overall period, greater(P rage daily gain in phase i, but lower(P rage daily feed intake in phase ii an overall than pigs fed the control diets. The choice white grease also increased(P rage daily gain during phase i compared with soybean oil. Pigs fed palm oil had thicker(P rib than those fed soybean oil, animal-vegetable blend, or ***: inclusion of 6% dietary fat improved feed efficiency of finishing pigs, while different fats produced different practical results that may be consistent with their different energy values. results from the early stage indicate that dietary fats with relatively more saturated fatty acids may provide greater energy than those with relatively more unsaturated fatty acids for growing pigs.

关键词： Carcass composition Dietary fats Energy values Finishing pigs Growth performance

Dietary plant extracts modulate gene expression profiles in alveolar macrophages of pigs experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 372-385页

作者： Kwangwook Kim Peng Ji Minho Song Tung M.Che David Bravo James E.pettigrew Yanhong Liu Department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA. Department of Nutrition University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA. Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea Department of Animal Production Nong Lam UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Pancosma SA GenevaSwitzerland. Current address:Land O’Lakes inc. Arden HillsMNUSA. Department of Animal Science University of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA.

Background: Our previous study showed that 3 plant extracts enhanced the immune responses and growth efficiency of weaned pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PrrSV), which is one of the most economically important disease in swine industry. However, each plant extract differently effected on growth efficiency and immune responses. Therefore, the objective of this study was conducted to characterize the effects and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms of 3 plant extracts on gene expression of alveolar macrophages in weaned pigs experimentally infected with ***: PrrSV infection altered(P ression of 1,352 genes in pigs fed the control(CON;755 up, 597 down). Compared with the infected CON, feeding capsicum(CAP), garlic botanical(GAr), or turmeric oleoresin(TUr) altered the expression of 46 genes(24 up, 22 down), 134 genes(59 up, 75 down), or 98 genes(55 up, 43 down) in alveolar macrophages of PrrSV-infected pigs, respectively. PrrSV infection up-regulated(P ression of genes related to cell apoptosis, immune system process, and response to stimulus, but downregulated(P ression of genes involved in signaling transduction and innate immune *** with the infected CON, feeding TUr or GAr reduced(P ression of genes associated with antigen processing and presentation, feeding CAP up-regulated(P ression of genes involved in antigen processing and presentation. Supplementation of CAP, GAr, or TUr also enhanced(P ression of several genes related to amino acid metabolism, steroid hormone synthesis, or rNA degradation, ***: The results suggest that 3 plant extracts differently regulated the expression of genes in alveolar macrophages of PrrSV-infected pigs, especially altering genes involved in immunity.

关键词： Alveolar macrophages Gene expression Plant extracts PrrSV Weaned pigs

Escherichia coli challenge and one type of smectite alter intestinal barrier of pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 173-180页

作者： Juliana Abranches Soares Almeida Yanhong Liu Minho Song Jeong Jae Lee H rex Gaskins Carol Wolfgang Maddox Orlando Osuna James Eugene pettigrew Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana 61801USA Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea Department of Pathobiology University of IllinoisUrbana 61801 USA Milwhite Inc.BrownsvilleTXUSA

An experiment was conducted to determine how an E. coil challenge and dietary clays affect the intestinal barrier of pigs. Two groups of 32 pigs （initial BW： 6.9 ± 1.0 kg） were distributed in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of a randomized complete block design （2 challenge treatments： sham or E. coil, and 4 dietary treatments： control, 0.3% smectite A, 0.3% smectite B and 0.3% zeolite）, with 8 replicates total. Diarrhea score, growth performance, goblet cell size and number, bacterial translocation from intestinal lumen to lymph nodes, intestinal morphology, and relative amounts of sulfo and sialo mucins were measured. The E. coli challenge reduced performance, increased goblet cell size and number in the ileum, increased bacterial translocation from the intestinal lumen to the lymph nodes, and increased ileal crypt depth. One of the clays （smectite A） tended to increase goblet cell size in ileum, which may indicate enhanced protection. in conclusion, E. coli infection degrades intestinal barrier integrity but smectite A may enhance it.

关键词： Barrier function E.coli Pigs Smectite Zeolite

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ViSiON AND EMOTiON

VISION AND EMOTION

The Third Asian Conference on Vision (ACV2004)

作者： J.D.pettigrew Vision Touch and Hearing Research CentreUniversity of Queensland 4072Australia

＜正＞ The notion of a vision hierarchy is so strongly instilled that many still have difficulty dealing with visual data that cannot be fitted into that framework. recent work on the perceptual rivalries and metacontrast illustrate this difficulty. Work on the neural basis of emotion tends to suffer from a similar hang-up, with mood and emotions relegated to phrenologically accessory black-boxes instead of occupying a core functional role that is integrated with all brain functions.

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光学轮廓仪

中国检验检测 1981年第6期 13-14+35页

作者： r.M.pettigrew 车仁生

一、引言机械探头不总适合于表面粗度或零件几何形状的测量。例如,有时表面可能很软(甚至是液体)易受损伤,或者很硬易伤触针。因此,用非接触法测量表面粗度和形状将是有利

关键词：光程差粗度几何形状光的路程差测量仪器干涉仪相位变化仪表检波器信号光束

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Emrok以现代方式处理传统茶叶

茶世界 2017年第8期 36-39页

作者： Jane pettigrew

从今年起,全球最大的蒙巴萨茶叶拍卖市场的周拍会上增加了紫茶、绿茶与传统红茶拍卖。由于全球市场对特种茶的需求持续增涨,东非有些茶叶生产商开始生产功夫红茶、绿茶、白茶以扩大产品种类。Emrok茶厂是肯尼亚最现代化的茶厂之一,所产... 详细信息

从今年起,全球最大的蒙巴萨茶叶拍卖市场的周拍会上增加了紫茶、绿茶与传统红茶拍卖。由于全球市场对特种茶的需求持续增涨,东非有些茶叶生产商开始生产功夫红茶、绿茶、白茶以扩大产品种类。Emrok茶厂是肯尼亚最现代化的茶厂之一,所产得奖全叶茶在拍卖会上吸引了不少客人。

关键词：茶叶红茶茶厂 Emrok 红碎茶特种茶肯尼亚茶农萎凋叶