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A comprehensive investigation on nonlinear vibration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite structures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： S.SAUrABH r.KIrAN D.SINGH r.vAISH v.S.CHAUHAN School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal composite laminates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a promising frontier for enhancing the mechanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study provides a comprehensive investigation into the nonlinear free vibration and nonlinear bending behavior of bio-inspired composite plates. The inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory(IHSDT) of plates is employed to characterize the displacement field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem is modeled using the C0finite element method(fEM), and an in-house code is developed in the MATLAB environment to solve it numerically. various helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recursive(Hr), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(HS), linear helicoidal(LH), and fibonacci helicoidal(fH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The model is validated, and parametric studies are conducted. These studies investigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amplitudes on the nonlinear vibration and nonlinear bending behaviors of bio-inspired composite plates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial impact on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behaviors. Moreover, this influence varies across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired composite plate.

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Semantic Segmentation of Lumbar vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on Spine Magnetic resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi S v v Shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam Sunil retmin raj Cyril Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MrI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar Spine MrI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DSC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MrI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

An SPH framework for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of Geotechnical Structures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski G.v.ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A staggered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

Autism spectrum disorder:difficulties in diagnosis and microrNA biomarkers

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第10期20卷 2776-2786页

作者： Bridget Martinez Philip v.Peplow Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

We performed a PubMed search for microrNAs in autism spectrum disorder that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers in patients and selected 17 articles published from January 2008 to December 2023,of which 4 studies were performed with whole blood,4 with blood plasma,5 with blood serum,1 with serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles,1 with blood cells,and 2 with peripheral blood mononuclear *** of the studies involved children and the study cohorts were largely *** of the studies had performed microrNA sequencing or quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays to measure microrNA *** five studies had used real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to validate microrNA expression in autism spectrum disorder subjects compared to *** microrNAs that were validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder and include mir-500a-5p,-197-5p,-424-5p,-664a-3p,-365a-3p,-619-5p,-664a-3p,-3135a,-328-3p,and-500a-5p in blood plasma and mir-151a-3p,-181b-5p,-320a,-328,-433,-489,-572,-663a,-101-3p,-106b-5p,-19b-3p,-195-5p,and-130a-3p in blood serum of children,and mir-15b-5p and-6126 in whole blood of *** important limitations were identified in the studies reviewed,and need to be taken into account in future *** studies are warranted with children and adults having different levels of autism spectrum disorder severity and consideration should be given to using animal models of autism spectrum disorder to investigate the effects of suppressing or overexpressing specific microrNAs as a novel therapy.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder biomarker blood cells blood plasma blood serum diagnosis microrNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles whole blood

MicrorNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for bipolar disorder

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1681-1695页

Abnormal expression of microrNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bipolar disorder. We performed a PubMed search for microrNA biomarkers in bipolar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published from January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included microrNA profiling in bloodand brain-based materials. from the studies that had validated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for bipolar disorder in adults could be mir-140-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-21-3p,-330-3p,-345-5p in whole blood, mir-19b-3p,-1180-3p,-125a-5p, let-7e-5p in blood plasma, and mir-7-5p,-23b-5p,-142-3p,-221-5p,-370-3p in the blood serum. Two of the studies had investigated the changes in microrNA expression of patients with bipolar disorder receiving treatment. One showed a significant increase in plasma mir-134 compared to baseline after 4 weeks of treatment which included typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. The other study had assessed the effects of prescribed medications which included neurotransmitter receptorsite binders(drug class B) and sedatives, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on microrNA results. The combined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for mir-219 and-29c with mir-30e-3p and-526b* acquiring significance. MicrorNAs were tested to see if they could serve as biomarkers of bipolar disorder at different clinical states of mania, depression, and euthymia. One study showed that upregulation in whole blood of mir-9-5p,-29a-3p,-106a-5p,-106b-5p,-107,-125a-3p,-125b-5p and of mir-107,-125a-3p occurred in manic and euthymic patients compared to controls, respectively, and that upregulation of mir-106a-5p,-107 was found for manic compared to euthymic patients. In two other studies using blood plasma,downregulation of mir-134 was observed i

关键词： biomarker bipolar disorder blood leukocytes blood plasma blood plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes blood serum brain tissue brain tissue extracellular vesicles/exosomes lymphoblastoid cell lines microrNA neural progenitor cells whole blood

MicrorNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 1957-1970页

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder caused by exposure to severe traumatic life ***,there are no validated biomarkers or laboratory tests that can distinguish between trauma survivors with and without post-traumatic stress *** addition,the heterogeneity of clinical presentations of post-traumatic stress disorder and the overlap of symptoms with other conditions can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate *** suggests that this condition is a multisystem disorder that affects many biological systems,raising the possibility that peripheral markers of disease may be used to diagnose post-traumatic stress *** performed a PubMed search for microrNAs(mirNAs)in post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published January 2012 to December *** included four studies with whole blood,seven with peripheral blood mononuclear cells,four with plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes,and one with serum *** of these studies had also used whole *** studies were excluded as they did not involve microrNA *** of the studies had collected samples from adult male veterans who had returned from deployment and been exposed to combat,and only two were from recently traumatized adult *** measuring mirNA expression levels,many of the studies had used microarray mirNA analysis,mirNA Seq analysis,or NanoString *** six studies had used real time polymerase chain reaction assay to determine/validate mirNA expression in PTSD subjects compared to *** mirNAs that were found/validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for PTSD and include mir-3130-5p in whole blood;mir-193a-5p,-7113-5p,-125a,-181c,and-671-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells;mir-10b-5p,-203a-3p,-4488,-502-3p,-874-3p,-5100,and-7641 in plasma extracellular vesicles/

关键词： biomarker diagnosis microrNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes post-traumatic stress disorder serum exosomes whole blood whole plasma

Analysis of the geometrical dependence of auxetic behavior in reentrant structures by finite elements

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2016年第2期32卷 295-300页

作者： v.H.carneiro H.Puga J.Meireles Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minho

Materials with a negative Poisson＇s ratio（Pr）are called auxetics;they are characterized by expansion/contraction when tensioned/*** this counterintuitive behavior,they present very particular characteristics and mechanical *** models have been developed to justify and artificiall reproduce such materials＇ auxetic *** focus of this study is the exploration of a reentrant model by analyzing the variation in the Pr of reentrant structures as a function of geometrical and base material *** is shown that,even in the presence of protruding ribs,there may not be auxetic behavior,and this depends on the geometry of each reentrant *** determined for these parameters can be helpful as approximate reference data in the design and fabrication of auxetic lattices using reentrant geometries.

关键词： Auxetic Poisson’s ratio reentrant finite element analysis Elasticity

Nanoengineering of solid oxide electrochemical cell technologies:An outlook

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Nano research 2019年第9期12卷 2081-2092页

作者： Juliana carneiro Eranda Nikolla Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Wayne State UniversityDetroitMI48202USA

High temperature electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies,such as solid oxide electrochemical cells (SOCs),have emerged as promising alternatives to mitigate environmental issues associated with combustion-based *** has been increased interest for nanoengineering SOC electrodes to enhance their efficiency.A major drive is the necessity for improved electrode kinetics via optimization of electrocatalysts for different key reactions in these *** this perspective,we discuss the requirements for SOC electrodes and nanoengineering strategies employed to achieve flexibility in electrode *** focus on identifying ways in which these nanoengineered materials foster advancements in the SOC electrocatalytic activity,selectivity,and *** conclude by proposing approaches that would lead to more stable electrocatalytic nanostructures with high degree of control over the number and nature of active *** nanostructures would enable systematic kinetic studies that could provide an in depth understanding of the reaction mechanisms that govern performance,leading to valuable knowledge for designing optimal electrode materials.

关键词： electrocatalysis nanomaterials solid oxide fuel cells solid oxide electrolysis cells exsolution nanoparticles

Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siva S.v.P.Sakamuri Anil Sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical