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Platform for laser-driven X-ray diagnostics of heavy-ion heated extreme states of matter

Matter and radiation at Extremes 2025年第1期10卷 57-71页

作者： P.Hesselbach J.Lütgert V.Bagnoud r.belikov O.Humphries B.Lindqvist G.Schaumann A.Sokolov A.Tauschwitz D.Varentsov K.Weyrich B.Winkler X.Yu B.Zielbauer D.Kraus D.riley Zs.Major P.Neumayer Institut für Angewandte Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue Str.160438 FrankfurtGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany Institut für Physik Universität RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str.2318059 RostockGermany Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany Helmholtz Institut Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany Institut für Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainAltenhöferallee 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-rossendorf Bautzner Landstr.40001328 DresdenGermany European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.964289 DarmstadtGermany Centre for Light-Matter Interaction School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom

We report on commissioning experiments at the high-energy,high-temperature(HHT)target area at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH,Darmstadt,Germany,combining for the first time intense pulses of heavy ions from the SIS18 synchrotron with high-energy laser pulses from the PHELIX laser *** demonstrate the use of X-ray diagnostic techniques based on intense laserdriven X-ray sources,which will allow probing of large samples volumetrically heated by the intense heavy-ion beams.A new target chamber as well as optical diagnostics for ion-beam characterization and fast pyrometric temperature measurements complement the experimental *** platform is designed for experiments at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion research in Europe GmbH(FAIr),where unprecedented ion-beam intensities will enable the generation of millimeter-sized samples under high-energy-density conditions.

关键词： heated intense extreme

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Temperature and structure measurements of heavy-ion-heated diamond using in situ X-ray diagnostics

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Matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 80-89页

作者： J.Lutgert P.Hesselbach M.Schorner V.Bagnoud r.belikov P.Drechsel B.Heuser O.SHumphries P.Katrik B.Lindqvist C.Qu r.redmer D.riley G.Schaumann S.Schumacher A.Tauschwitz D.Varentsov K.Weyrich X.Yu B.Zielbauer Zs.Major P.Neumayer D.Kraus Institut fur Physik Universitat RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str.2318059 RostockGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany Institut für Angewandte Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue-Str.160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institut fur Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am MainAltenhoferallee 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-rossendorf Bautzner Landstr.40001328 DresdenGermany European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.964289 DarmstadtGermany State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Institute of Heavy Ion PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Helmholtz Institut Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany

We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heatedwith an intense pulse of heavy *** this way,we determine the samples’heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structuralintegrity over a timespan of several *** the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functionaltheory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K,in agreement with predictions fromstopping power *** simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material,butdo indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond *** experiments pave the way for future studies at the Facility for Antiproton andIon research,where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.

关键词： heated intense structure

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revisiting the LQr Problem of Singular Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第11期11卷 2236-2252页

作者： Komeil Nosrati Juri belikov Aleksei Tepljakov Eduard Petlenkov IEEE the Department of Computer Systems Tallinn University of Technology the Department of Software Science Tallinn University of Technology

In the development of linear quadratic regulator(LQr) algorithms, the riccati equation approach offers two important characteristics——it is recursive and readily meets the existence condition. However, these attributes are applicable only to transformed singular systems, and the efficiency of the regulator may be undermined if constraints are violated in nonsingular versions. To address this gap, we introduce a direct approach to the LQr problem for linear singular systems, avoiding the need for any transformations and eliminating the need for regularity assumptions. To achieve this goal, we begin by formulating a quadratic cost function to derive the LQr algorithm through a penalized and weighted regression framework and then connect it to a constrained minimization problem using the Bellman's criterion. Then, we employ a dynamic programming strategy in a backward approach within a finite horizon to develop an LQr algorithm for the original system. To accomplish this, we address the stability and convergence analysis under the reachability and observability assumptions of a hypothetical system constructed by the pencil of augmented matrices and connected using the Hamiltonian diagonalization technique.

关键词： DC motor optimal control penalized weighted regression power system quadratic regulator singular system

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NN-ANArX Structure for Control of Nonlinear SISO and MIMO Systems: Neural Networks Based Approach

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第二十六届中国控制会议

作者： Petlenkov Eduard belikov Juri Tallinn University of Technology Department of Computer control Institute of Cybernetics at Tallinn University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)7900719229

An application of Neural Networks based Additive Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous （NN-ANArX） structure for modeling and control of nonlinear SISO and MIMO systems is presented in the paper.A novel neural network based ap- proach for calculation of control signals by using NN-ANArX based dynamic output linearization algorithm is proposed in the *** effectiveness of the approach proposed in the paper is demonstrated on example

关键词： nonlinear control systems nonlinear MIMO systems ANArX model dynamic output feedback linearization neural networks

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Intelligent frequency control of AC microgrids with communication delay: An online tuning method subject to stabilizing parameters

Energy and AI

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Energy and AI 2024年第4期18卷 86-100页

作者： Komeil Nosrati Vjatseslav Skiparev Aleksei Tepljakov Eduard Petlenkov Juri belikov Department of Computer Systems Tallinn University of TechnologyTallinn12616Estonia Department of Software Science Tallinn University of TechnologyTallinn12616Estonia

Smart control techniques have been implemented to address fluctuating power levels within isolated crogrids,mi-mitigating the risk of unstable frequencies and the potential degradation of power supply ***,a challenge lies in the fact that employing these computationally complex methods without stability preservation might not suffice to handle the rapid changes of this highly dynamic environment in real-world scenarios over communication *** study introduces a flexible real-time approach for the frequency control problem using an artificial neural network(ANN)constrained to stabilized *** solution integrates stabilizing PID controllers,computed through small-signal analysis and tuned via an automated search for optimal ANN weights and reinforcement learning(rL)-based selected ***,we design stabilizing PID controllers by applying the stability boundary locus method and the Mikhailov criterion,specifically addressing communication ***,we refine the controller parameters online through an automated process that identifies optimal coefficient combinations,leveraging a constrained ANN to manage frequency deviations within a restricted parameter *** approach is further enhanced by employing the rL technique,which trains the tuning system using an interpolated stability boundary curve to ensure both stability and *** one-of-a-kind combination of ANN,rL,and advanced PID tuning methods is a big step forward in how we handle frequency control problems in isolated AC *** experiments show that our solution outperforms traditional methods due to its reduced parameter search *** particular,the proposed method reduces transient and steady-state frequency deviations more than semi-and unconstrained *** improved metrics and stability analysis show that the method improves system performance and stability under changing conditions.

关键词： AC microgrid Constrained artificial neural networks Frequency control

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A Novel Taylor Series Based Approach for Control Computation in NN-ANArX Structure Based Control of Nonlinear Systems

A Novel Taylor Series Based Approach for Control Computation...

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第二十七届中国控制会议

作者： belikov J Vassiljeva K Petlenkov E Nomm S Institute of Cybernetics at Tallinn University of Technology Department of Computer Control Tallinn University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9787900719706

This paper presents an alternative approach for control computation in a closed loop of discrete-time nonlinear system and NN-ANArX based dynamic output *** technique is based on an application of Taylor series expansion for computation of control directly from neural network based *** modifications of the algorithm are proposed for both single-input single-output and multi-input multi-output nonlinear *** effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated on numerical examples.

关键词： Nonlinear control systems Linearization Neural networks

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A public data-set for synchronous motor electrical faults diagnosis with CNN and LSTM reference classifiers

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 221-237页

作者： Zhenglong Sun ram Machlev Qianchao Wang Juri belikov Yoash Levron Dmitry Baimel Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education(Northeast Electric Power University)JilinChina The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical&Computer Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China Department of Software Science Tallinn University of TechnologyAkadeemia tee 15a12618 TallinnEstonia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sami Shamoon College of EngineeringBeer-Sheva84100Israel

In the last two decades,motor operation monitoring tools have become a necessity,and many studies focus on the detection and diagnosis of motor electrical ***,at present,a core obstacle that prevents the direct comparison of such classification techniques is the lack of a standard database that can be used as a *** view of this,we offer here a public experimental data-set that has beendesigned specifically for the comparison of synchronous motor electrical fault *** data-set comprises five types of motor electrical faults:open phase between inverter and motor;short circuit/leakage current between two phases;short circuit/leakage current in phase-to-neutral;rotor excitation voltage disconnection;and variation of rotor excitation *** addition,each fault has been recorded as a four-dimensional signal:three phase voltages;three phase currents;motor speed;and motor *** package includes two deep-learning reference classifiers that are based on a convolutional neural network(CNN)and long short term memory(LSTM).Due to the good performance of these classifiers,we suggest that they can be used by the community as benchmarks for the development of new and better motor electrical fault classification *** database and the reference classifiers are examined and insights regarding different combinations of features and lengths of recording points are *** developed code is available online,and is free to use.

关键词： Motor faults Synchronous motors Public data-set Classification Deep-learning CNN LSTM

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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques for energy and powersystems: review, challenges and opportunities

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Energy and AI 2022年第3期9卷 193-205页

作者： r.Machlev L.Heistrene M.Perl K.Y.Levy J.belikov S.Mannor Y.Levron The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical&Computer Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel Department of Software Science Tallinn University of TechnologyAkadeemia tee 15a12618 TallinnEstonia School of Technology Pandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagar 382007GujaratIndia

Despite widespread adoption and outstanding performance, machine learning models are considered as ‘‘blackboxes’’, since it is very difficult to understand how such models operate in practice. Therefore, in the powersystems field, which requires a high level of accountability, it is hard for experts to trust and justify decisionsand recommendations made by these models. Meanwhile, in the last couple of years, Explainable ArtificialIntelligence (XAI) techniques have been developed to improve the explainability of machine learning models,such that their output can be better understood. In this light, it is the purpose of this paper to highlight thepotential of using XAI for power system applications. We first present the common challenges of using XAI insuch applications and then review and analyze the recent works on this topic, and the on-going trends in theresearch community. We hope that this paper will trigger fruitful discussions and encourage further researchon this important emerging topic.

关键词： Power Energy Neural network Deep-learning Explainable artificial intelligence XAI

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Explainability-based Trust Algorithm for electricity price forecasting models

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 141-158页

作者： Leena Heistrene ram Machlev Michael Perl Juri belikov Dmitry Baimel Kfir Levy Shie Mannor Yoash Levron Electrical Engineering Department School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagarGujarat382007India The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical&Computer Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel Department of Software Science Tallinn University of TechnologyAkadeemia tee 15ATallinn12618Estonia Electrical&Electronics Engineering Department Sami Shamoon College of EngineeringBeer-Sheva84100Israel

Advanced machine learning(ML)algorithms have outperformed traditional approaches in various forecasting applications,especially electricity price forecasting(EPF).However,the prediction accuracy of ML reduces substantially if the input data is not similar to the ones seen by the model during *** is often observed in EPF problems when market dynamics change owing to a rise in fuel prices,an increase in renewable penetration,a change in operational policies,*** the dip in model accuracy for unseen data is a cause for concern,what is more,challenging is not knowing when the ML model would respond in such a *** uncertainty makes the power market participants,like bidding agents and retailers,vulnerable to substantial financial loss caused by the prediction errors of EPF ***,it becomes essential to identify whether or not the model prediction at a given instance is *** this light,this paper proposes a trust algorithm for EPF users based on explainable artificial intelligence *** suggested algorithm generates trust scores that reflect the model’s prediction quality for each new *** scores are formulated in two stages:in the first stage,the coarse version of the score is formed using correlations of local and global explanations,and in the second stage,the score is fine-tuned further by the Shapley additive explanations values of different *** score-based explanations are more straightforward than feature-based visual explanations for EPF users like asset managers and traders.A dataset from Italy’s and ErCOT’s electricity market validates the efficacy of the proposed *** show that the algorithm has more than 85%accuracy in identifying good predictions when the data distribution is similar to the training *** the case of distribution shift,the algorithm shows the same accuracy level in identifying bad predictions.

关键词： Electricity price forecasting EPF Explainable AI model XAI SHAP Explainability

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The role of the Dipole Interaction of Molecules with Charged Particles in the Polar Stratosphere

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2016年第3期6卷 115-149页

作者： Yury belikov Sergey Nikolayshvili Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics 9 Rostokinskaya Str. Moscow 129128 Russia

Our analysis of published results of experiments in the Polar regions substantiates and further develops our new approach to the photochemical processes in the polar stratosphere involving the charged particles. The dipole interaction of molecules with charged particles, primarily with ions, leads to the adhesion and disintegration of a number of molecules including ozone. Molecules acquire additional energy on the surface of the charged particles, enabling reactions that are not possible in space. Galactic cosmic rays are the main source of ions in the polar stratosphere, their equilibrium concentration at altitudes of 15 to 25 km can reach up ~ （1-5） ~ 103 ions/cm3. Estimations show that if the ozone destruction in the regime of＂collision＂ with ions then the lifetime of ozone will vary from 10 days to 2 months. We suppose that alongside with the chlorine mechanism of ozone destruction there is a mechanism of ozone decay on a charged particle which can act also at those latitudes and altitudes where chlorine oxide CIO is absent, as well as in the night conditions. Here, we demonstrated the close connection of photochemical processes with the dynamic, electrical and condensational phenomena in the stratosphere, in particular, with the accumulation of unipolar charged particles on the upper and lower boundaries of the polar stratospheric clouds and aerosol layers as a result of the activity of the global electric circuit.

关键词： Polar stratosphere ozone charged particles dipole interaction global electric circuit photochemistry.

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