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Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed sciatic nerves accelerates recovery of nociceptive sensory perceptions in male and female rats of different strains

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2667-2681页

作者： Liwen Zhou Karthik Venkudusamy Emily A.Hibbard Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez Cathy Z.Yang Adelaide Leung Varun Gokhale Guhan Periyasamy Zeal Pathak Dale r.Sengelaub George D.Bittner Department of Neuroscience University of TexasAustinTXUSA Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Molecular Biosciences University of TexasAustinTXUSA

Successful polyethylene glycol fusion(PEG-fusion)of severed axons following peripheral nerve injuries for PEG-fused axons has been reported to:(1)rapidly restore electrophysiological continuity;(2)prevent distal wallerian Degeneration and maintain their myelin sheaths;(3)promote primarily motor,voluntary behavioral recoveries as assessed by the Sciatic Functional Index;and,(4)rapidly produce correct and incorrect connections in many possible combinations that produce rapid and extensive recovery of functional peripheral nervous system/central nervous system connections and reflex(e.g.,toe twitch)or voluntary *** preceding companion paper describes sensory terminal field reo rganization following PEG-fusion repair of sciatic nerve transections or ablations;howeve r,sensory behavioral recovery has not been explicitly explored following PEG-fusion *** the current study,we confirmed the success of PEG-fusion surgeries according to criteria(1-3)above and more extensively investigated whether PEG-fusion enhanced mechanical nociceptive recovery following sciatic transection in male and female outbred Sprague-Dawley and inbred Lewis *** nociceptive responses were assessed by measuring withdrawal thresholds using von Frey filaments on the dorsal and midplantar regions of the *** von Frey filament tests were a more reliable method than plantar von Frey filament tests to assess mechanical nociceptive sensitivity following sciatic nerve *** withdrawal thresholds of the sciatic-mediated lateral dorsal region differed significantly across strain but not *** thresholds did not change significantly from baseline in chronic Unoperated and Sham-operated *** sciatic transection,all rats exhibited severe hyposensitivity to stimuli at the lateral dorsal region of the hindpaw ipsilateral to the ***,PEG-fused rats exhibited significantly earlier return to baseline withdrawal thresholds than Negative

关键词： autophagia axotomy collateral sprouting neuropathic pain peripheral nerve repair polyethylene glycol fusion(PEG-fusion) saphenous nerve sensory neurons sex and strain wallerian degeneration

Thermomagnetic effect with microtemperature in a semiconducting photothermal excitation medium

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第6期39卷 783-796页

作者： K.LOTFY r.KUMAr w.HASSAN M.GABr Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZagazig University Department of Mathematics Kurukshetra University Mathematics and Physics Department Faculty of EngineeringPort Said University

The main goal of this paper is to focus on the investigation of interaction between a magnetic field and elastic materials with microstructure, whose microelements possess microtemperatures with photothermal excitation. The elastic-photothermal prob- lem in one-dimension is solved by introducing photothermal excitation at the free surface of a semi-infinite semiconducting medium （semiconductor rod）. The integral transform technique is used to solve the governing equations of the problem under the effect of the microtemperature field. The analytical expressions for some physical quantities in the physical domain are obtained with the heating boundary surface and free traction. The numerical inversion technique is used to obtain the resulting quantities in the physical domain. The obtained numerical results with some comparisons are discussed and shown graphically.

关键词： photothermal theory carrier density magnetic field microtemperature Laplace transform

Minimum spouting velocity of flat-base spouted fluid bed

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Particuology 2018年第1期16卷 27-36页

作者： Esmail r. Monazam ronald w. Breault Justin weber Ky Layfield National Energy Technology Laboratory U. S. Department of Energy 3610 Collins Ferry Rd. Morgantown WV26507-0880 USA rEM Engineering Services PLLC 3537 Collins Ferry Rd. Morgantown WV26505 USA

Experiments were performed on spout characteristics of a cylindrical spout-fluidized bed （I.D. = 10 cm） with different static heights and two materials （A1203 and high density polyethylene）. results of minimum spouting velocity obtained in this study were compared with reported correlations for both spouted and spout-fluidized beds. Considerable discrepancies were found between the values obtained using different model equations as well as with respect to experimental results. Based on the Mathur-Gishler correlation, a new correlation is proposed for calculating the minimum spouting velocity that introduces the ratio U/Umf. It was found that the minimum spouting velocity decreases with increasing fluidizing gas velocity （U/Umf）. The pressure drop at the point of minimum spouting velocity is also correlated using this dimensionless group and is presented in this work. This investigation demonstrates that the use of correlations reported in the literature that focus primarily on conical bottom spouted beds are not applicable to fiat-bottom spouted and spout-fluidized beds.

关键词： Spouted bed Spout-fluidized bed Minimum spouting velocity Flat-bottom spouted bed

Orientation dependence of deformation twinning in Cu single crystals

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第8期34卷 1364-1370页

作者： S.S.Cai X.w.Li N.r.Tao Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Materials Science and Engineeringand Key LaboratoryforAnisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education)Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Cu single crystals were subjected to dynamic compression plastic deformation to investigate orientation- dependent twinning. The experimental results showed that twinning is closely related to the ratio of the maximum Schmid factor for twinning partial （mt） to the maximum Schmid factor for perfect dislocation （ms）, i.e., mT/ms, rather than roT. The twin volume fraction VT increases with the rot/ms value and the most favorable orientation for twinning has the maximum roT/ms value （1.15）. The relationships of roT/ms with both effective stacking fault energy γeff and threshold stress for twinning TT were established for under- standing orientation-dependent twinning. Further insights into the orientation-dependent twinning and guidance for developing bulk high density nanotwinned materials are provided.

关键词： Orientation Twinning Cu Single crystal

Exergy analysis of r1234ze（Z） as high temperature heat pump working fluid with multi-stage compression

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第4期11卷 493-502页

作者： Bin HU Di wU L.w. wANG r.Z. wANG Institute of refrigeration and Cryogenics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

In this paper, the simulation approach and exergy analysis of multi-stage compression high tempera- ture heat pump （HTHP） systems with r1234ze（Z） working fluid are conducted. Both the single-stage and multi-stage compression cycles are analyzed to compare the system performance with 120℃ pressurized hot water supply based upon waste heat recovery. The exergy destruction ratios of each component for different stage compression systems are compared. The results show that the exergy loss ratios of the compressor are bigger than that of the evaporator and the condenser for the single-stage compres- sion system. The multi-stage compression system has better energy and exergy etticiencies with the increase of compression stage number. Compared with the single- stage compression system, the coefficient of performance （COP） improvements of the two-stage and three-stage compression system are 9.1% and 14.6%, respectively. when the waste heat source temperature is 60℃, the exergy efficiencies increase about 6.9% and 11.8% for the two-stage and three-stage compression system respec- tively.

关键词： multi-stage compression high temperatureheat pump heat recovery exergy destruction,r1234ze(Z) working fluid

Scanning tunneling microscopy of buried dopants in silicon:images and their uncertainties

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1727-1735页

作者： Piotr T.różański Garnett w.Bryant MichałZieliński Institute of Physics Faculty of PhysicsAstronomy and InformaticsNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńToruńPoland Nanoscale Device Characterization Division National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD20899-8423USA

The ability to determine the locations of phosphorous dopants in silicon is crucial for the design,modelling,and analysis of atom-based nanoscale devices for future quantum computing ***,several papers showed that a metrology of scanning tunnelling microscopy(STM)imaging combined with atomistic tight-binding simulations could be used to determine coordinates of a dopant buried close to a Si *** identify effects which play a crucial role in the simulation of STM images and have to be precisely modelled for STM imaging of buried dopants and multi-dopant clusters to provide reliable position *** contrast to previous work,we demonstrate that a metrology combining STM imaging with tight-binding simulations may lead to pronounced uncertainty due to tip orbital model,effects of dangling bonds and choice of local atomic basis for the tight-binding *** work is still needed to obtain a reliable STM metrology of buried dopant position.

关键词： dopant buried metrology

Tunable electron and phonon properties of folded single-layer molybdenum disulfide

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Nano research 2018年第3期11卷 1541-1553页

作者： Jie Peng Peter w. Chung Madan Dubey raju r. Namburu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate U.S. Army Research Laboratory Adelphi MD 20783 USA Computational & Information Sciences Directorate U.S. Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Ground MD 21005 USA

A unique feature of transition metal dichalcogenides is their single-layer form, which enables folding. Although folding has been found to significantly affect the photoluminescence spectrum and some in-plane properties, only limited insight has been gained on how to modulate those properties. In this report, we examine the structure of folds of a single sheet of MoS2 and the dependence of the ground-s tate electronic and phonon transport properties on the wrapping length. As the folded structure is effectively a bilayer that terminates in a loop, the wrapping length modulates the relative size of the bilayer region to the closed loop along the edge. A combination of computational methods, including approaches based on variational mechanics, classical potentials, and density functional theory, are employed. Highly accurate calculations of the reference folded structure are first carried out to show that the folded structure is largely insensitive to the wrapping length. The folded structures are subsequently used to estimate the electronic band gap, which is found to vary significantly as a function of the wrapping length, and converges from below to the limit value corresponding to an infinite bilayer. The gap values range from 0.43 to 1.09 eV, with a crossover to an indirect gap, which suggests that the transitions must be lattice-assisted, similar to the transitions in the bilayer and bulk forms. However, the phonons, while affected by the formation of the folded structure, are insensitive to the wrapping length. In fact, the overall thermal transport behavior along the folding axis is unchanged. The possibility of modulating the gap value while keeping the thermal properties unchanged opens up new exciting avenues for further applications of this emerging material.

关键词： molybdenum disulfide folded structure electronic band structure thermal conductivity phonon

Experimental models of metabolic and alcoholic fatty liver disease

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第1期27卷 1-18页

作者： Delfin Gerard Buyco Jasmin Martin Sookyoung Jeon royce Hooks Chelsea Lin rotonya carr Division of Gastroenterology University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a multi-systemic disease that is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome(MetS).Because alcohol consumption in NAFLD patients is common,there is a significant overlap in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and alcoholic liver disease(ALD).Indeed,MetS also significantly contributes to liver injury in ALD ***“syndrome of metabolic and alcoholic steatohepatitis”(SMASH)is thus expected to be a more prevalent presentation in liver patients,as the obesity epidemic *** pre-clinical experimental models that couple alcohol consumption with NAFLDinducing diet or genetic obesity have been developed to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of *** models indicate that concomitant MetS and alcohol contribute to lipid dysregulation,oxidative stress,and the induction of innate immune *** are significant limitations in the applicability of these models to human disease,such as the ability to induce advanced liver injury or replicate patterns in human food/alcohol ***,there remains a need to develop models that accurately replicate patterns of obesogenic diet and alcohol consumption in SMASH patients.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Alcoholic liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Animal models Insulin resistance Oxidative stress

Preslaughter diet management in sheep and goats:effects on physiological responses and microbial loads on skin and carcass

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 69-78页

作者： Govind Kannan Venkat r Gutta Jung Hoon Lee Brou Kouakou will r Getz George w McCommon Agricultural research Station Fort Valley State University1005 State University DriveFort ValleyGA 31030USA

Sixteen crossbred buck goats （Kiko x Spanish; Bw = 32.8 kg） and wether sheep （Dorset x Suffolk; Bw = 39.9 kg） were used to determine the effect of preslaughter diet and feed deprivation time （FDT） on physiological responses and microbial loads on skin and carcasses. Experimental animals were fed either a concentrate （CD） or a hay diet （HD） for 4 d and then deprived of feed for either 12-h or 24-h before slaughter. Blood samples were collected for plasma cortisol and blood metabolite analyses. Longisimus muscle （LM） pH was measured. Skin and carcass swabs were obtained to assess microbial loads. Plasma creatine kinase activity （863.9 and 571.7 ± 95.21 IU） and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations （1,056.1 and 589.8 _＋ 105.01 mEq/L） were different （P 〈 0.05） between sheep and goats. Species and diet treatments had significant effects on the ultimate pH of LM. Pre-holding total coliform （TCC） and aerobic plate counts （APC） of skin were significantly different between species. Goats had lower （P 〈 0.05） TCC （2.1 vs. 3.0 IogTo CFU/cm2） and APC （8.2 vs. 8.5 Iog10 CFU/cm2） counts in the skin compared to sheep. Preslaughter skin E. coil counts and TCC were different （P 〈 0.05） between species. Goats had lower （P 〈 0.05） counts of E. coil （2.2 vs. 2.9 log10 CFU/cm2） and TCC （2.3 vs. 3.0 log10 CFU/cm2） in the skin compared with those in sheep. Diet, species, and FDT had no effect （P 〉 0.05） on E. coli and TCC in carcass swab samples. The APC of carcass swab samples were only affected （P 〈 0.05） by the FDT. The results indicated that preslaughter dietary management had no significant changes on hormone and blood metabolite concentrations and sheep might be more prone for fecal contamination than goats in the holding pens at abattoir.

关键词： E.coli contamination diet Goats Physiology Sheep