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The knowledge level of final year undergraduate health science students and medical interns about cardiopulmonary resuscitation at a university teaching hospital of Northwest Ethiopia

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world Journal of Emergency Medicine 2014年第1期5卷 29-34页

作者： Endale G.Gebremedhn Gebremedhn B.Gebregergs Bernard B.anderson Department of Anesthesia School of Medicine College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar Department of Public Health Bahir Dar College of Medicine and Health Sciences Bahir Dar University Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar

BACKGrOUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPr) is a life-saving technique which is used after cardiopulmonary arrest. Chance of survival after arrest will increase if it is coupled with sufficient knowledge. Final year undergraduate health science students and interns manage many trauma and critically ill patients in our hospital. Even though all students took CPr training in undergraduate course, we sometimes saw difficulties in the resuscitation of patients after cardiopulmonary arrest by undergraduate health professionals. This study was to assess the level of knowledge of undergraduate health science students and medical interns about cardiopulmonary ***: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2013. All undergraduate health professionals were included. The mean score of knowledge was compared for sex, original residence and department of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. P values were considered statistically ***: Four hundred sixty-one out of 506 students were included in this study with a response rate of 91.1%. The overall mean knowledge score of final year undergraduate health science students and interns was 11.1(SD=0.2). The mean knowledge scores of nurses, interns, health officer, midwifery, anesthesia and psychiatry nursing students were 9.84(SD=2.5), 13.34(SD=2.8), 9.81(SD=3.0), 8.77(SD=2.6), 13.31(SD=2.7) and 8.43(SD=2.4) ***: The knowledge level of undergraduate health professionals about cardiopulmonary resuscitation was insufficient. Training about CPr for undergraduate health professionals should be emphasized.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Knowledge Undergraduate Health professionals

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丛书名：二十世纪文库

1000年

作者： (美)安德森(anderson J.E.)

书名原文:Public policy-making:本书集中探究了政策形成的过程,提出了一种分析政策形成的研究范式,揭示了决策者与环境的互动关系以及政策的实施结果与公共利益的矛盾、冲突。

ISBN: (纸本)7800532089

关键词：政治、法律政治理论

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Identification of anticancer drugs to radiosensitise BrAF-wild-type and mutant colorectal cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第2期16卷 234-246页

作者： rebecca Carter Azadeh Cheraghchi-Bashi Adam westhorpe Sheng Yu Yasmin Shanneik Elena Seraia Djamila Ouaret Yasuhiro Inoue Catherine Koch Jenny wilding Daniel Ebner anderson J. ryan Francesca M. Buffa ricky A. Sharma NIHr University College London Hospitals Biomedical research Centre/ UCL Cancer Institute University College London London WC1E 6DD UK NIHr Oxford Biomedical research Centre Department of Oncology University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK Computational Biology and Integrative Genomics University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK NDM research Building Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine John Radcliffe Hospital University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery Division of Reparative Medicine Institute of Life Sciences Edobashi 2-174 Tsu Japan Departme nt of Biology Massachusetts In stitute of Tech no logy Cambridge Massachusetts 02142 USA Target Discovery Institute National Phenotypic Screening Centre Nuffield Department of Medicine University of OxfordOxford 0X1 2JD UK CrUK & MrC Oxford Institute for radiation Oncology University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 2JD UK

Objective: Patients with BrAF-mutant colorectal cancer(CrC) have a poor prognosis. Molecular status is not currently used to select which drug to use in combination with radiotherapy. Our aim was to identify drugs that radiosensitise CrC cells with known BrAF ***: we screened 298 oncological drugs with and without ionising radiation in colorectal cancer cells isogenic for BrAF. Hits from rank product analysis were validated in a 16-cell line panel of human CrC cell lines, using clonogenic survival assays and xenograft models in ***: Most consistently identified hits were drugs targeting cell growth/proliferation or DNA damage repair. The most effective class of drugs that radiosensitised wild-type and mutant cell lines was PArP inhibitors. In clonogenic survival assays, talazoparib produced a radiation enhancement ratio of 1.9 in DLD1(BrAF-wildtype) cells and 1.8 in rKO(BrAF V600 E) cells. In DLD1 xenografts, talazoparib significantly increased the inhibitory effect of radiation on tumour growth(P ≤ 0.01).Conclusions: Our method for screening large drug libraries for radiosensitisation has identified PArP inhibitors as promising radiosensitisers of colorectal cancer cells with wild-type and mutant BrAF backgrounds.

关键词： radiosensitizer colorectal cancer PArP inhibitor radiotherapy

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The role of physical properties in explosive welding of copper to stainless steel

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第4期22卷 88-98页

作者： G.H.S.F.L.Carvalho I.Galvao r.Mendes r.M.Leal A.B.Moreira A.Loureiro Univ Coimbra CEMMPREDepartamento de Engenharia Mec^anicaRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Department of Industrial Engineering University of FirenzeVia di Santa Marta 350139FirenzeItaly ISEL Departamento de Engenharia Mec^anicaInstituto Politecnico de LisboaRua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 11959-007LisboaPortugal Univ Coimbra ADAILEDAPDepartamento de Engenharia Mec^anicaRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal LIDA-ESAD.Cr Instituto Politecnico de LeiriaRua Isidoro Inacio Alves de Carvalho2500-321Caldas da RainhaPortugal Univ.Porto LAETA/INEGIDept.Eng.Metalúrgica e de MateriaisR.Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465PortoPortugal

This paper investigates the effects of the physical properties on the microstructure and weldability of explosive welding by joining two metals with a significant contrast in thermophysical properties:stainless steel and *** welds between stainless steel and copper were obtained,and the interfacial morphology was wavy,regardless of the position of the *** weldability of dissimilar pairs was found to be more dependent on the relationship between the physical properties of the base materials than on the absolute value of the material *** there is a significant difference in thermal conductivity between the flyer and the base plate,together with a material with a low melting temperature,the weldability of the pair is often *** relative position of the plates affects the interfacial microstructure even when similar morphologies are *** the metallic pairs studied,the wave size was bigger for the configuration in which the ratio between the density of the flyer and the density of the base plate is *** same phenomenon was observed for the impedance:bigger waves were found for a smaller ratio between the impedance of the flyer and the impedance of the base plate.

关键词： Explosive welding Solid-state Copper-stainless steel Dissimilar Interface morphology weldability

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Simulating dispatchable grid services provided by flexible building loads:State of the art and needed building energy modeling improvements

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Building Simulation 2021年第3期14卷 441-462页

作者： Venkatesh Chinde Adam Hirsch william Livingood Anthony r.Florita National renewable Energy Laboratory 15013 Denver West ParkwayGoldenCO 80401USA School of Sustainability Interdisciplinary Center(IDC)HerzliyaP.0.Box 167Herzliya 46150Israel

End-use electrical loads in residential and commercial buildings are evolving into flexible and cost-effective resources to improve electric grid reliability,reduce costs,and support increased hosting of distributed renewable *** article reviews the simulation of utility services delivered by buildings for the purpose of electric grid operational *** consider services delivered to(1)the high-voitage bulk power system through the coordinated action of many,distributed building loads working together,and(2)targeted support provided to the operation of low-voltage electric distribution *** an exhaustive exploration is not possible,we emphasize the ancillary services and voltage management buildings can provide and summarize the gaps in our ability to simulate them with traditional building energy modeling(BEM)tools,suggesting pathways for future research and development.

关键词： building energy modeling grid-interactive efficient buildings demand response load flexibility thermostatically controlled loads reduced order models heating ventilation and air conditioning

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Description of United States Military Nurses Deployed to Afghanistan &Iraq, 2001-2015

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Open Journal of Nursing 2018年第1期8卷 93-101页

作者： Cristóbal Berry-Cabán Felecia rivers Thomas A. Beltran Lawrence anderson Department of Clinical Investigations Womack Army Medical Center Fort Bragg NC USA Center for Nursing Science & Clinical Inquiry Womack Army Medical Center Fort Bragg NC USA

Since 2001, US military forces have been engaged in Afghanistan and in Iraq. During fifteen years of conflict in both operations US troops have incurred a total of 52,022 wounded and 6857 deaths. The aim of this analysis is to describe the characteristics of US military nurses that deployed to these combat theatres. Data for this retrospective analysis were provided by the US Department of Defense, Defense Manpower Data Center and describes characteristics military nurses that deployed to Afghanistan, Iraq, or both between September 1, 2001 and July 31, 2015. A total of 6326 nurses deployed during this period;3296 nurses deployed to Afghanistan and 2683 nurses deployed to Iraq. Fifty-five percent of deployed nurses were male. The majority of deployed nurses were white (32.9%) followed by Hispanic (22.9%) and black nurses (14.5%). Most deployed nurses had a baccalaureate nursing degree (88.9%) and 9% deployed nurses had an advanced degree. Most deployed nurses were classified as general nurses (66.6%). Further research is needed to examine in detail the impacts of deployments upon nurses.

关键词： Military Nursing Afghanistan Iraq

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Development and evaluation of a safe and effective sugar-free herbal lollipop that kills cavity-causing bacteria

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International Journal of Oral Science 2011年第1期3卷 13-20页

作者： Chu-hong Hu Jian He randal Eckert Xiao-yang wu Li-na Li Yan Tian renate Lux Justin A. Shuffer Faina Gelman Janet Mentes Sue Spackman Janet Bauer Maxwell H. anderson wen-yuan Shi School of Dentistry University of California Los Angeles USA C3 Jian Inc Inglewood USA UCLA School of Nursing University of California Los Angeles USA

Dental caries （tooth decay） is caused by a specific group of cariogenic bacteria, like Streptococcus mutans, which convert dietary sugars into acids that dissolve the mineraI in tooth structure. Killing cariogenic bacteria is an effective way to control or prevent tooth decay. In a previous study, we discovered a novel compound （Glycyrrhizol A）, from the extraction of licorice roots, with strong antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria. In the current study, we developed a method to produce these specific herbal extracts in large quantities, and then used these extracts to develop a sugar-free lollipop that effectively kills cariogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans. Further studies showed that these sugar-free lollipops are safe and their antimicrobial activity is stable. Two pilot human studies indicate that a brief application of these lollipops （twice a day for ten days） led to a marked reduction of cariogenic bacteria in oral cavity among most human subjects tested. This herbal lollipop could be a novel tool to promote oral health through functional foods.

关键词： antimicrobial therapy licorice Streptococcus mutans

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法律推理的逻辑之探

法律方法

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法律方法 2024年第3期 293-309页

作者： [美]弗恩·沃克潘立春(译) 霍夫斯特拉大学法学院华东政法大学

法学界对逻辑推理的研究不足,但逻辑推理是解决法律问题的关键。法律推理以行动为导向,具有实用性。法律推理不仅平衡了法律的“认知目标”与“非认知目标”,而且通过有限的资源和不完整的信息展开实时推理。法律推理应该有其独特的模式... 详细信息

法学界对逻辑推理的研究不足,但逻辑推理是解决法律问题的关键。法律推理以行动为导向,具有实用性。法律推理不仅平衡了法律的“认知目标”与“非认知目标”,而且通过有限的资源和不完整的信息展开实时推理。法律推理应该有其独特的模式,包括三个主要的推理类型:基于规则的推理、证据评估以及二阶过程推理。基于规则的逻辑推理所关注的是命题的真伪,重点辨别足以确认事实的证据和积极抗辩。证据评估的逻辑推理关注的是可信度值,事实认定者通过可信度尺度将多个证据整合成一个单一结论。二阶过程逻辑推理关注的是过程决策,其中包含政策性推理和对先例的类比推理两大类。法律推理确有其独特之处,而若完整揭示法律推理的实用逻辑,实证研究是不可或缺的一步。

关键词：基于规则的推理证据评估二阶过程推理实用性

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Comparison of price, volume and composition of services provided to inpatients for two procedures between a US and a Japanese academic hospital

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Health 2013年第4期5卷 703-711页

作者： Tsuyoshi Inokuchi Naoki Ikegami Vikash Gupta Sandesh rao Gerard F. anderson Department of Health Policy and Management and Department of International Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore USA Department of Health Policy and Management School of Medicine Keio University Tokyo Japan School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA

Background: To drill down into why per capita health expenditures vary between the US and Japan, this exploratory study compares the price, volume and composition of services provided to inpatients for two procedures in an academic hospital in the US, and one in Japan. Methods: Detailed analysis of the amount reimbursed and services delivered was made from claims data for 449 acute myocardial infarction treated with coronary stents placed by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and 115 heart valve dysfunction with heart valve replacement (HVr) cases in Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) Baltimore, Maryland, and 34 PCI and 21 HVr cases in Keio University Hospital (KUH), Tokyo. results: After making appropriate adjustments, the reimbursed amount per discharge at JHH was significantly higher (wilcoxon ranksum test, p r both medical conditions. This was due to more use of higher priced technology and higher prices for the same technology at JHH compared with KUH. However, medical imaging was performed more frequently at KUH and the reimbursed amounts per unit for the devices were higher at KUH. Analysis of room and board costs showed that the higher staffing level and wages of nurses at JHH was compensated by its shorter average length of stay for PCI, but not for HVr. Conclusion: Detailed analysis of the reimbursed amount and the utilization of services are needed to understand international variations in healthcare spending.

关键词： Health Expenditures United States Japan Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Heart Valve replacement

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鲡鱼对声及振动的反应特性(英文)

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青岛海洋大学学报（自然科学版） 1989年第3期19卷 52-63页

作者：申钧 Sheryl Coombs r.r.Fay A.N.Popper w.M.Saidel 青岛海洋大学海洋生物系洛依勒大学帕姆莱听觉研究所乔治城大学医学院解剖学系

本文用神经生理学和心理物理学技术,在同一声学及振动刺激条件下,在不同水平上对非骨鳔类鲡鱼(Hemichromis bimaculatus)的听觉机能进行了系统研究。结果表明鲡鱼的听觉范围在100～600Hz,敏感频率段为200～300Hz,与骨鳔类有显著差别。... 详细信息

本文用神经生理学和心理物理学技术,在同一声学及振动刺激条件下,在不同水平上对非骨鳔类鲡鱼(Hemichromis bimaculatus)的听觉机能进行了系统研究。结果表明鲡鱼的听觉范围在100～600Hz,敏感频率段为200～300Hz,与骨鳔类有显著差别。以内耳球状中微音器电位和中脑诱发电位测量为依据做出的等电位听力图与整体行为反应听力图的带宽相符。加速度听力图中,在400Hz以上敏感度下降。由声及振动引起的中脑诱发电位听力图相似,一般特征为在100Hz以上出现低通滚降10dB/octave。所有结果都表明鲡鱼对水中声压及质点运动成分均有明显反应,300Hz以下敏感度最高。

关键词：鲡鱼声振动心理物理学

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