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Optimization of cellulase production using Trichoderma reesei by rSM and comparison with genetic algorithm

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012年第4期6卷 443-452页

作者： Saravanan P Muthuvelayudham r rajesh Kannan r Viruthagiri T Department of Chemical Engineering Annamalai UniversityAnnamalainagar-608002TamilnaduIndia

Abstract The potential of Trichoderma reesei for cellulase production using pineapple waste as substrate has been investigated. A maximum cellulase activity of 9.23 U/mL is obtained under the optimum experimental conditions： pH （5.5）, temperature （37.5℃）, initial substrate concentration （3%）, inoculum concentration （6.6 X 108 CFU/mL）, and culture time （6 days）. Box-Behnken design （BBD） statistical tool and genetic algorithm （GA） are used to optimize the process parameters. The BBD study of linear and quadratic interactive effects of experimental variables on the desired response of cellulase activity showed that the second order polynomial is significant （r2 = 0.9414）. The experimental cellulase activity under the optimal conditions identified by the BBD is 9.23 U/mL and that by GA is 6.98 U/mL. This result indicates that the BBD model gives better result than GA in the present case.

关键词： cellulase pineapple waste Trichoderma ree-sei Box-Behnken design genetic algorithm

Pressure Solution of Sulphides in Some Massive Sulphide Zinc-lead Deposits of Western Canada:Its Significance in Mobilization of Ore-forming Materials

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 1994年第2期13卷 132-141页

作者：顾连兴 ANDK.r.MCCLAY DepartmentofEarthSciences NanjingUniversityNanjing210008 DepartmentofGeology RoyalHollowayUniversit

Pressure solution is a common phenomenon in massive sulphide zinc-lead deposits of western Canada and may have been an important factor leading to the mobilizahon of ore-forming materials during diagenesis, deformation and metamorphism of sedimentary ores. The control of ductile shear zones over gold mineralization could be explained in view of pressure solution of gold-bearing miner-als under shearing stress and the resultant mobilization of this metal.

关键词：硫化物黄铁矿金迁移规律变质作用金属矿石

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Transition Metal Free Chemoselective reduction ofα,β-Unsaturated Ketones to Saturated Ketones Using Tosyl Hydrazide as a Hydrogen Donor

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中国化学:英文版 2015年第2期33卷 181-184页

作者： Yarabally r Girish Kanchipura r raghavendra Dasappa Nagaraja Kothanahally S Sharath Kumar Sheena Shashikanth Deparment of Studies in Chemistry ManasagangothriUniversity of MysoreMysore 570006India Department of PG Studies in Chemistry Government Science CollegeChitradurga 577501India

An efficient,inexpensive and simple method for the reduction of variousα,β-unsaturated ketones to corre-sponding saturated ketones using tosyl hydrazide as a hydrogen donor in DMF using calcium oxide powder has been reported.A variety of enones underwent reduction without forming undesirable side *** chemose-lectivity,broad functional group tolerance and good yields are the noteworthy features of this protocol.

关键词： α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds tosyl hydrazide transition metal free saturated ketones

Trends in global semen parameter values

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 169-173,I0004页

作者： Harry Fisch Stephen r Braun Departments of Urology and reproductive Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College New York PresbyterianHospital New York NY 10028 USA

Allegations for a worldwide decline in semen *** values have not withstood scientific scrutiny. Methodological flaws in an influential 1992 paper are summarized here, and studies that have been published since 1992 are reviewed. Of the 35 major studies of time trends in semen quality reviewed here, eight （a total of 18 109 men） suggest a decline in semen quality; 21 （112 386 men） show either no change or an increase in semen quality;, and six （26 007 men） show ambiguous or conflicting results. The cause （or causes） of the geographical and temporal variations in semen parameter values reported by these diverse studies deserve further investigation.

关键词： PAST 20 YEArS SPErM COUNTS FErTILE MEN GENErAL-POPULATION UNITED-STATES LAST DECADE NO EVIDENCE DANISH MEN YOUNG MEN QUALITY

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新形势下坚持和健全民主集中制的几个问题

江苏大学学报（社会科学版） 2011年第5期13卷 1-6页

作者：桑学成中共江苏省委党校江苏南京210004

民主集中制作为党的根本组织制度和领导制度,是党的根本组织原则和党内生活必须遵循的基本准则。世情、国情、党情的深刻变化对贯彻执行民主集中制提出了新的更高的要求,绝不意味着取消和否定民主集中制。新形势下坚持和健全民主集中制... 详细信息

民主集中制作为党的根本组织制度和领导制度,是党的根本组织原则和党内生活必须遵循的基本准则。世情、国情、党情的深刻变化对贯彻执行民主集中制提出了新的更高的要求,绝不意味着取消和否定民主集中制。新形势下坚持和健全民主集中制,必须完善党的代表大会制度、健全党委工作制度、改革党内选举制度、健全党的组织生活制度和党内监督制度。我党要深化认识,明确重点,狠抓落实,切实增强贯彻民主集中制的本领。

关键词：民主集中制组织制度领导制度

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Meta-analysis and systematic review of colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第34期15卷 4273-4277页

作者： Srinivas r Puli Yasuo Kakugawa Takuji Gotoda Daphne Antillon Yutaka Saito Mainor r Antillon Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Missouri-Columbia Endoscopy Division National Cancer Center Hospital

AIM:To evaluate the proportion of successful complete cure en-bloc resections of large colorectal polyps achieved by endoscopic mucosal resection(EMr). METHODS:Studies using the EMr technique to resect large colorectal polyps were *** complete cure en-bloc resection was defined as one piece margin-free polyp *** were searched for in Medline,Pubmed,and the Cochrane Control Trial registry,among other sources. rESULTS:An initial search identified 2620 reference articles,from which 429 relevant articles were selected and *** was extracted from 25 studies(n =5221)which met the inclusion *** the studies used snares to perform *** proportion of en-bloc resections using a random effect model was 62.85%(95%CI:51.50-73.52).The pooled proportion for complete cure en-bloc resections using a random effect model was 58.66%(95%CI:47.14-69.71).With higher patient load(>200 patients),this complete cure en-bloc resection rate improves from 44.19%(95%CI: 24.31-65.09)to 69.17%(95%CI:51.11-84.61). CONCLUSION:EMr is an effective technique for the resection of large colorectal polyps and offers an alternative to surgery.

关键词： Meta-analysis Systematic review Polyps Endoscopic mucosal resection En-bloc resection

Intestinal antigen-presenting cells in mucosal immune homeostasis:Crosstalk between dendritic cells,macrophages and B-cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第29期20卷 9653-9664页

作者： Elizabeth r Mann Xuhang Li Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

The intestinal immune system maintains a delicate balance between immunogenicity against invading pathogens and tolerance of the commensal microbiota. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves a breakdown in tolerance towards the microbiota. Dendritic cells (DC), macrophages (MΦ) and B-cells are known as professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) due to their specialization in presenting processed antigen to T-cells, and in turn shaping types of T-cell responses generated. Intestinal DC are migratory cells, unique in their ability to generate primary T-cell responses in mesenteric lymph nodes or Peyer’s patches, whilst MΦ and B-cells contribute to polarization and differentiation of secondary T-cell responses in the gut lamina propria. The antigen-sampling function of gut DC and MΦ enables them to sample bacterial antigens from the gut lumen to determine types of T-cell responses generated. The primary function of intestinal B-cells involves their secretion of large amounts of immunoglobulin A, which in turn contributes to epithelial barrier function and limits immune responses towards to microbiota. Here, we review the role of all three types of APC in intestinal immunity, both in the steady state and in inflammation, and how these cells interact with one another, as well as with the intestinal microenvironment, to shape mucosal immune responses. We describe mechanisms of maintaining intestinal immune tolerance in the steady state but also inappropriate responses of APC to components of the gut microbiota that contribute to pathology in IBD.

关键词： Antigen presenting cells Dendritic cells Macrophages B cells Inflammatory bowel disease

ANISOTrOPY OF THE KErATIN FIBrE COMPOSITE

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Journal of China Textile University(English Edition) 1989年第2期7卷 1-10页

作者：陶肖明 r.Postle Department of Textile Technology of CTU University of New South Wales Australia

This paper presents a composite model of the natural keratin fibres (wool and hair) whichconsists essentially of isotropic viscoelastic filaments, oriented parallel to each other in the fibreaxial direction, embedded in an isotropic viscoelastic matrix. The model accurately fits the exper-imental data on the fibre axial stress relaxation moduli and provides upper and lower bounds forthe initial/final values for the fibre transverse tensile and shear stress relaxation moduli andtransverse Poisson’s ratio. The partially water penertrable filament phase of the composite modelis identified as the microfibrils in the fine structure of keratin. The strong anisotropy of keratinsin mechanical properties and hygral/thermal expansion is analyzed in terms of composite struc-ture and mechanical as well as the thermal/hygral properties of the two constituent phases.

关键词： keratin composite materials fibre property anisotropic materials fibre structure

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rECOMBINANT TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOr(rt-PA)IN ACUTE MYOCArDIAL INFArCTION IN THE CHINESEIN HONG KONG

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1992年第5期105卷 374-378页

作者： Woo Kam sang Tse Kin Kee Mak Yiu Kwong Chung Hau Kwong Tse Chun Yan Department of Medicine Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Medical Unit United Christian Hospital Hong Kong

Eighty-nine consecutive Chinese patients(69males,20 females)with acute myocardial infarctiontreated by 100 mg recombinant tissue-plasminogenactivator(rt-PA)(7 intracoronarily,82 intravenously)at 3.7±1.0 hours after onset,and intravenous heparinor dipyridamole therapy started at 3 hours,were stu-died *** mean age was 59.6±***-six patients(51.7%)had anterior and 39patients(43.8%)had inferior *** evi-dence of reperfusion was seen in 63 patients(72.8%),while new complications included hypotension(5.6%),heart failure(6.7%),cardiac arrhythmias(76.4%),hematoma around vascular access sites(23.6%),melena(2.2%)and cerebral infarction(2.2%).Maximal changes in coagulation profiles were seen at3 hours,including a decrease in fibrinogen(by 64.2%),an increase in FDP by 11.7 times and D-dimers by *** patients(10.1%)had recurrence of anginaand 6 patients(6.9%)died due to pump failure(5)andreinfarction(1).Angiogram at 14 days confirmedTIMI(2 or 3)patency of infarct related arteries in62/81(76.5%)patients,with a mean global ejectionfraction of 52.5±12.4%.Nearly all survivors couldmaintain class Ⅰ-Ⅱ functional status after *** safety and promises of rt-PA for acutemyocardial infarction in the Chinese were confirmed.

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