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Transcranial photobiomodulation for the brain: a wide range of clinical applications

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第3期19卷 483-484页

作者： Michael r.Hamblin Laser research Centre Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of Johannesburg-Doornfontein CampusDoornfonteinSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation therapy(PBMT)is a rapidly growing approach to the healing,stimulation,protection,and regeneration of many human organs and tissue *** started in the 1960s as low-level laser therapy for wound healing,but since then the introduction of light-emitting diodes(LEDs)has dramatically increased the number of applications and reports of positive *** generally uses red(620-700 nm)and/or near-infrared(780-1270 nm)wavelengths of light at an intensity that causes no tissue heating,and its activity is based on well-established biological and cellular mechanisms(de Freitas and Hamblin,2016).While laser therapists continue to use various types of laser in their office practice,LEDs are ideally suited for home use devices because they are completely safe and without any known significant adverse *** the various body parts on which PBMT has been shown to exert beneficial effects,the brain stands out as perhaps the most promising *** has been shown to reduce neuroinflammation,while increasing mitochondrial function,oxygen consumption,and blood flow within the brain(Hamblin,2016).Moreover,PBMT can stimulate the processes of synaptogenesis,neurogenesis,and neuroplasticity thus helping the brain to heal itself.

关键词： healing stimulation wound

Approach for C_(1)to C_(2)products commencing from carbon dioxide:A brief review

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Petroleum 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： G.r.Dey radiation and Photochemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India Homi Bhabha National Institute AnushaktinagarMumbai 400094India

The carbon dioxide(CO_(2))conversion to useable compounds remains a great contest to scientists,engineers,and environmentalists with regard to the reverse of the oxidative degradation of *** conversion is essential for the development of complementary fuels and raw materials for various industries,which in turn will help in avoiding the drastic increase in tropospheric temperature due to greenhouse effect leading to global *** solar energy is the earth's essential power source along with the other various forms of energy for example fossil fuels,hydropower,wind,and biomaterials,*** final goal is to establish the artificial photosynthesis,which can be replicated thru various chemical reduction techniques of CO_(2)by employing appropriate photo-,thermal-and electro-catalysts in order to produce different one carbon atom(C_(1))and higher carbon atoms containing ***,the utilization of clean and sustainable CO_(2)towards high-value products is of great interest today due to the recognized environmental worries and subsequent lessening of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the energy demand of *** way,solar energy can directly and/or indirectly be altered and stored in chemical energy form for industrial as well as societal *** this article our endeavor is to summarize the advances in CO_(2)chemical reduction research area till date especially in free radical-based methods such as electrochemical,photochemical and plasma chemical for the development of carbon species up to two carbon(C_(2))atoms containing products perceived in the chemical reduction of CO_(2).The author hopes that this piece of work will be helpful to researchers and readers who are focused on the field of CO_(2).

关键词： Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis Plasmolysis Thermolysis Carbon dioxide Chemical reduction

Heating of nanoparticles and their environment by laser radiation and applications

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 78-115页

作者： Victor k.Pustovalov Belarusian National Technical University Pr.Independency65Minsk 220013Belarus

This review considers the fundamental dynamic processes involved in the laser heating of metal nanoparticles and their subsequent *** particular interest are the absorption of laser energy by nanoparticles,the heating of a single nanoparticle or an ensemble thereof,and the dissipation of the energy of nanoparticles due to heat exchange with the *** goal is to consider the dependences and values of the temperatures of the nanoparticles and the environment,their time scales,and other parameters that describe these *** results and analytical studies on the heating of single metal nanoparticles by laser pulses are discussed,including the laser thresholds for initiating subsequent photothermal processes,how temperature inﬂuences the optical properties,and the heating of gold nanoparticles by laser *** studies of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the results of an analytical study of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the environment by laser radiation are *** methods for nanoparticles under laser heating are considered,including changes in the refractive indices of metals and spectral thermometry of optical scattering of nanoparticles,raman spectroscopy,the thermal distortion of the refractive index of an environment heated by a nanoparticle,and thermochemical phase transitions in lipid bilayers surrounding a heated *** the sequence of events after radiation absorption and their time scales underlies many applications of *** applicationﬁelds for the laser heating of nanoparticles are reviewed,including thermochemical reactions and selective nanophotothermolysis initiated in the environment by laser-heated nanoparticles,thermal radiation emission by nanoparticles and laser-induced incandescence,electron and ion emission of heated nanoparticles,and optothermal chemical *** of the laser heating of nanoparticles in la

关键词： Nanoparticles Laser Heating Modeling Nanothermometry Applications

Methionine sources and genotype affect embryonic intestinal development,antioxidants,tight junctions,and growth-related gene expression in chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 218-230页

作者： James k.Lugata Sawadi F.Ndunguru Gebrehaweria k.reda Xénia E.Ozsváth Eszter Angyal Levente Czeglédi Gabriella Gulyás renáta knop János Oláh Zoltán Mészár rita Varga Brigitta Csernus Csaba Szabó Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Institutes for Agricultural research and Educational Farm University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Methionine(Met)is an essential and first limiting amino acid in the poultry diet that plays a significant role in chicken embryonic development and *** present study examined the effect of in ovo injection of DL-Met and L-Met sources and genotypes on chicken embryonic-intestinal development and *** eggs of the two genotypes,TETrA-SL layer hybrid(TSL)—commercial layer hybrid and Hungarian Partridge colored hen breed(HPC)—a native genotype,were randomly distributed into four treatments for each *** treatment groups include the following:1)control non-injected eggs(NoIn);2)saline-injected(SaIn);3)DL-Met injected(DLM);and 4)L-Met injected(LM).The in ovo injection was carried out on 17.5 d of embryonic development;after hatching,eight chicks per group were sacrificed,and the jejunum was extracted for *** results showed that both DLM and LM groups had enhanced intestinal development as evidenced by increased villus width,villus height,and villus area(Pred to the *** DLM group had significantly reduced crypt depth,glutathione(GSH)content,glutathione S-transferase 3 alpha(GST3),occludin(OCLN)gene expression and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the TSL genotype than the LM group(Prexpressed insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)gene,tricellulin(MD2),occludin(OCLN),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1),and GST3 genes than the TSL genotype(Presponding differently under normal *** also influenced the expression of intestinal antioxidants,tight junction,and growth-related genes.

关键词： DL-Methionine L-Methionine In ovo injection Intestinal development Poultry

rEMnO3（rE=Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd） perovskite as efficient catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

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Journal of rare Earths 2024年第11期42卷 2078-2087页

作者： rakesh ranjan Mahalik Siba Soren Ipsha Hota A.k.Debnath k.P.Muthe Purnendu Parhi Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Technical Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre

rare earth metal based perovskite emerges as important catalytic material for energy production and *** ABO3type materials are now the focus of research in the field of oxygen reduction and evolution ***,in this work we evaluated the oxygen reduction properties of the synthesized one-dimensional rEMnO3（rE=Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu and Gd）.The one-dimensional rEMnO3prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis route results in pure phase perovskite on *** perovskite was characte rized with X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform-infrared（FT-Ir）,field emission-scanning electron microscopy（FE-SEM）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）.The oxygen reduction reaction activities were investigated with the help of electrochemical workstation that consists of three-electrode system immersed in 0.1 mol/L kOH electrolyte solution saturated with *** koutechy-Levich plot obtained from rotating ring disk electrode shows all the prepared catalysts follow 4e-processes during oxygen *** effect of "A" site cation variation in rEMnO3 on oxygen reduction reaction is ***3showed better onset potential for oxygen reduction reaction among the prepared rare earth ***3having high rE:Mn ratio（A-site rich co mpositions） promotes oxygen reduction reaction（Orr） *** the perovs kites showed good oxygen reduction property with high stability and methanol tolerance.

关键词： Electrocatalytic activity Oxygen reduction reaction (Orr) Perovskite rare earths rEMnO3 SmMnO3

Treat to target in Crohn’s disease:A practical guide for clinicians

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期30卷 50-69页

作者： Ashish r Srinivasan Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3083Australia Department of Gastroenterology Eastern HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3128Australia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneVictoriaMelbourne 3052Australia

A treat-to-target(T2T)approach applies the principles of early intervention and tight disease control to optimise long-term outcomes in Crohn's *** Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease(STrIDE)-II guidelines specify short,intermediate,and long-term treatment goals,documenting specific treatment targets to be achieved at each of these *** appraisal of Crohn’s disease activity against pre-defined treatment targets at these timepoints remains central to determining whether current therapy should be continued or *** treatment targets in Crohn’s disease comprise combination clinical and patient-reported outcome remission,in conjunction with biomarker normalisation and endoscopic *** the STrIDE-II guidelines endorse the pursuit of endoscopic healing,clinicians must consider that this may not always be appropriate,acceptable,or achievable in all *** underscores the need to engage patients at the outset in an effort to personalise care and individualise treatment *** use of non-invasive biomarkers such as faecal calprotectin in conjunction with cross-sectional imaging techniques,particularly intestinal ultrasound,holds great promise;as do emerging treatment targets such as transmural *** randomised clinical trials,namely,CALM and STArDUST,have evaluated the efficacy of a T2T approach in achieving endoscopic endpoints in patients with Crohn’s *** from these studies reflect that patient subgroups and Crohn’s disease characteristics likely to benefit most from a T2T approach,remain to be ***,outside of clinical trials,data pertaining to the real-world effectiveness of a T2T approach remains scare,highlighting the need for pragmatic real-world *** the obvious promise of a T2T approach,a lack of guidance to support its integration into real-world clinical practice has the potential to limit its *** highlights the need to describe st

关键词： Treat to target Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Treatment targets Endoscopic remission Transmural healing Time to response Intestinal ultrasound

Failure pattern in ceramic metallic target under ballistic impact

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 173-190页

作者： M.A.Iqbal M.k.khan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India Department of Civil Engineering Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India

The ballistic resistance and failure pattern of a bi-layer alumina 99.5%-aluminium alloy 1100-H12 target against steel 4340 ogival nosed projectile has been explored in the present experimental cum numerical *** the experimental investigation,damage induced in the ceramic layer has been quantified in terms of number of cracks developed and failure zone *** resultant damage in the backing layer has been studied with variation in the bulge and perforation hole in the backing layer with the varying incidence *** discussion of the experimental results has been further followed by three dimensional finite element computations using ABAQUS/Explicit finite code to investigate the behaviour of different types of bi-layer targets under multi-hit projectile *** JH-2 constitutive model has been used to reproduce the behaviour of alumina 99.5%and JC constitutive model has been used for steel 4340 and aluminium alloy *** total energy dissipation has been noted to be of lesser magnitude in case of sub-sequential impact in comparison to simultaneous impact of two *** distance between the impact points of two projectiles also effected the ballistic resistance of bi-layer *** ballistic resistance of single tile ceramic front layer and four tile ceramic of equivalent area found to be dependent upon the boundary conditions provided to the target.

关键词： Ballistic resistance Bi-layer target Ceramic metal armour Multi-hit impact Finite element modelling

A Hybrid Machine Learning Approach for Improvised QoE in Video Services over 5G Wireless Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3195-3213页

作者： k.B.Ajeyprasaath P.Vetrivelan School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamil Nadu600127India

Video streaming applications have grown considerably in recent *** a result,this becomes one of the most significant contributors to global internet *** to recent studies,the telecommunications industry loses millions of dollars due to poor video Quality of Experience(QoE)for *** the standard proposals for standardizing the quality of video streaming over internet service providers(ISPs)is the Mean Opinion Score(MOS).However,the accurate finding of QoE by MOS is subjective and laborious,and it varies depending on the user.A fully automated data analytics framework is required to reduce the inter-operator variability characteristic in QoE *** work addresses this concern by suggesting a novel hybrid XGBStackQoE analytical model using a two-level layering *** one combines multiple Machine Learning(ML)models via a layer one Hybrid *** ML models at level one are trained using the entire training data *** level two Hybrid XGBStackQoE-Model is fitted using the outputs(meta-features)of the layer one ML *** proposed model outperformed the conventional models,with an accuracy improvement of 4 to 5 percent,which is still higher than the current traditional *** proposed framework could significantly improve video QoE accuracy.

关键词： Hybrid XGBStackQoE-model machine learning MOS performance metrics QoE 5G video services

Enhancing Multicriteria-Based recommendations by Alleviating Scalability and Sparsity Issues Using Collaborative Denoising Autoencoder

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2269-2286页

作者： S.Abinaya k.Uttej kumar School of Computer Science&Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamilnadu600127India

A recommender System(rS)is a crucial part of several firms,particularly those involved in *** conventional rS,a user may only offer a single rating for an item-that is insufficient to perceive consumer ***,businesses in industries like e-learning and tourism enable customers to rate a product using a variety of factors to comprehend customers’*** the other hand,the collaborative filtering(CF)algorithm utilizing AutoEncoder(AE)is seen to be effective in identifying user-interested ***,the cost of these computations increases nonlinearly as the number of items and users *** triumph over the issues,a novel expanded stacked autoencoder(ESAE)with kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering(kFCM)technique is proposed with two *** the first phase of offline,the sparse multicriteria rating matrix is smoothened to a complete matrix by predicting the users’intact rating by the ESAE approach and users are clustered using the kFCM *** the next phase of online,the top-N recommendation prediction is made by the ESAE approach involving only the most similar user from multiple *** the ESAE_kFCM model upgrades the prediction accuracy of 98.2%in Top-N recommendation with a minimized recommendation generation *** experimental check on the Yahoo!Movies(YM)movie dataset and TripAdvisor(TA)travel dataset confirmed that the ESAE_kFCM model constantly outperforms conventional rS algorithms on a variety of assessment measures.

关键词： recommender systems multicriteria rating collaborative filtering sparsity issue scalability issue stacked-autoencoder kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering