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Draft genome sequence of a less-known wild Vigna: Beach pea(V. marina cv. ANBp-14-03)

The Crop Journal 2019年第5期7卷 660-666页

作者： Awnindra kumar Singh A.Velmurugan Debjyoti Sen Gupta Jitendra kumar ravi Kesari Aravind Konda Narendra Pratap Singh Sibnarayan Dam roy Utpal Biswas r.rahul kumar Sanjay Singh ICAr-Central Island Agricultural research Institute Port Blair 744101Andaman&Nicobar IslandsIndia Division of Crop Improvement ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses ResearchKanpur 208024Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bhola Paswan Shastri Agricultural CollegePurneaBihar 854302India Division of Plant Biotechnology ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses ResearchKanpur 208024Uttar PradeshIndia ICAr-National research Centre for Biotechnology LBS CentrePusa CampusNew Delhi 110012India

Beach pea or beach cowpea(Vigna marina(Burm.)Merr.)belongs to the family Fabaceae.It is a close relative of cultivated Vigna species such as adzuki bean(V.angularis),cowpea(V.unguiculata),mung bean(V.radiata),and blackgram(V.mungo),and is distributed throughout the tropics.With its ability to tolerate salt stress,beach pea has great potential to contribute salt-tolerance genes for developing salt-tolerant cultivars in cultivated Vigna species.However,it is still underutilized in Vigna breeding programs.A draft genome sequence of beach pea was generated using a high-throughput next-generation sequencing platform,yielding 23.7 Gb of sequence from 79,929,868 filtered reads.A de novo genome assembly containing 68,731 scaffolds gave an N50 length of 10,272 bp and the assembled sequences totaled 365.6 Mb.A total of 35,448 SSrs,including 3574 compound SSrs,were identified and primer pairs for most of these SSrs were designed.Genome analysis identified 50,670 genes with mean coding sequence length 1042 bp.Phylogenetic analysis revealed highest sequence similarity with V.angularis,followed by V.radiata.Comparison with the V.angularis genome revealed 16,699 SNPs and 2253 InDels and comparison with the V.radiata genome revealed 17,538 SNPs and 2300 InDels.To our knowledge this is the first draft genome sequence of beach pea derived from an accession(ANBp-14-03)adapted locally in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India.The draft genome sequence may facilitate the genetic enhancement in cultivated Vigna species.

关键词： Beach pea Vigna marina NextSeq 500 Whole-genome sequencing Salinity tolerance

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Identification of earthquake induced structural damage based on synchroextracting transform

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 475-487页

作者： roshan kumar Gaurav kumar Wei Zhao Arvind r Yadav Gang Yu Jayendra kumar Evans Amponsah Department of Electronic and Information Technology Miami College of Henan UniversityHenan 475004China Alliance University Alliance College of Engineering and DesignBanglore 562106India Department of Electronics and Comm Parul UniversityVadodra 391760India School of Electrical Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Department of Electronics and Comm NIT JamshedpurJamshedpur 831014India Department of Civil engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasi 10959Ghana

Several popular time-frequency techniques,including the Wigner-Ville distribution,smoothed pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution,wavelet transform,synchrosqueezing transform,Hilbert-Huang transform,and Gabor-Wigner transform,are investigated to determine how well they can identify damage to structures.In this work,a synchroextracting transform(SET)based on the short-time Fourier transform is proposed for estimating post-earthquake structural damage.The performance of SET for artificially generated signals and actual earthquake signals is examined with existing methods.Amongst other tested techniques,SET improves frequency resolution to a great extent by lowering the influence of smearing along the time-frequency plane.Hence,interpretation and readability with the proposed method are improved,and small changes in the time-varying frequency characteristics of the damaged buildings are easily detected through the SET method.

关键词： cross-term damage detection earthquake signal synchroextracting transform time-frequency

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Effect of cooling media on bead geometry,microstructure,and mechanical properties of wire arc additive manufactured IN718 alloy

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 124-149页

作者： Parveen kumar Satish kumar Sharma ratnesh kumar raj Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatialaPunjab147004India

This work aims to present and explore thermal management techniques for the wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)of IN718 components.Excessive heat can be mitigated via air or water cooling.In this study,the material was deposited under four different heat-input conditions with air or water cooling.In air cooling,the layer is deposited in a normal atmospheric air environment,whereas with water cooling,the material is deposited inside a water tank by varying the water level.To validate the air and water cooling thermal management techniques,IN718 single-pass and multilayer linear walls were deposited using the bidirectional gas metal arc welding based WAAM setup under four different heat input conditions.During the deposition of single layers,the temperature profiles were recorded,and the geometric and microstructural features were explored.For multilayer wall structures,the mechanical properties(hardness,tensile strength,and elongation)were determined and assessed using the corresponding microstructural features explored through scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),and electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)analyses.The microstructure observed through SEM analysis in the building direction was found to be nonhomogenous compared with that in the deposition direction.Moreover,water cooling was found to govern bead characteristics,such as wall width and height.The grain size and anisotropy of the mechanical properties also decreased in the water-cooled case.Hence,water cooling is an economical and efficient method to mitigate excessive heat accumulation in WAAM-deposited IN718.

关键词： Air cooling Water cooling IN718 Bead characteristics Microstructure Electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)

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A comprehensive review on pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of 8 potent Prunus species of southeast Asia

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 620-628页

作者： Shikha Agrawal Adarsh kumar Ankit kumar Singh Harshwardhan Singh Suresh Thareja Pradeep kumar Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products Central University of Punjab

Genus Prunus comprising around 430 species is a vast important genus of family rosaceae, subfamily amygdalaoidae. Among all 430 species, around 19 important species are commonly found in Indian subcontinent due to their broad nutritional and economic importance. Some most common species of genus Prunus are Prunus amygdalus, Prunus persica, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus cerasoides, Prunus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, etc. A newly introduced species of Prunus i.e Prunus sunhangii is recently discovered which is morphologically very similar to Prunus cerasoides. Plants of Prunus species are short to medium-sized deciduous trees mainly found in the northern hemisphere. In India and its subcontinent,it extends from the Himalayas to Sikkim, Meghalaya,Bhutan, Myanmar etc. Different Prunus species have been extensively studied for their morphological,microscopic, pharmacological and phytoconstituents characteristics. Total phenolic content of Prunus species explains the presence of phenols in high quantity and pharmacological activity due to phenols. Phytochemical screening of species of genus Prunus shows the presence of wide phytoconstituents which contributes in their pharmacological significance and reveals the therapeutic potential and traditional medicinal significance of this genus. Genus Prunus showed a potent antioxidant activity analyzed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical assay. Plant species belonging to the genus Prunus is widely used traditionally for the treatment of various disorders. Some specific Prunus species possess potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory,hypoglycemic etc. activity which makes the genus more interesting for further research and findings. This review is an attempt to summarize the comprehensive study of Prunus species from its distribution, morphological characters to phytoconstituents, and pharmacological activity.

关键词： Prunus rosaceae antineoplastic agents distribution hypoglycemic agents phytochemistry review

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Mathematical modelling of ball and plate system with experimental and correlation function-based model validation

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 326-341页

作者： T.r.Dil kumar S.J.Mija Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology CalicutKozhikode673601KeralaIndia

The ball and plate system is an inherently nonlinear under actuated benchmark system used for validating the performance of various control schemes. A mathematical model depicting the dynamics close to that of the system is very much required for such a test bed. In this correspondence, the complete nonlinear model, a simplified nonlinear model, and a linearized model of the ball and plate system are developed. The system comprises a ball and plate mechanism and a rotary servo unit. The ball and plate mechanism is modelled using the Euler–Lagrange method, whereas the rotary servo subsystem is modelled from the first principles. The nonlinear model of the combined system is developed by including the dynamics of the servo motor with gear and rolling resistance between the ball and the plate. The simplified nonlinear model of the system is obtained with suitable assumptions. The model is linearized around the operating point using the Jacobian. The validity of the developed models is investigated through correlation function analysis. The open-loop response of the three models, viz., nonlinear, simplified nonlinear, and linearized models, is analyzed in the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Since the open-loop system is unstable, the experimental validation of the model is performed with a double-loop PSO (particle swarm optimization) PID control scheme.

关键词： Ball and plate system Correlation function Model validation Particle swarm optimization(PSO) PSO PID controller

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A Cocktail of Natural Compounds Holds Promise for New Immunotherapeutic Potential in Head and Neck Cancer

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 42-51页

作者： Sunil kumar Asmita Das Department of Biotechnology Delhi Technological UniversityDelhi(110042)India

Objective: To obtain detailed understanding on the gene regulation of natural compounds in altering prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(HNSC). Methods: Gene expression data of HNSC samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of HNSC patients were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO). Differential gene expression analysis of GEO datasets were achieved by the GEO2r tool. Common differentially expressed gerres(DEGs) were screened by comparing DEGs of HNSC with those of PBMCs. The combination was further analyzed for regulating pathways and biological processes that were affected. results: Totally 110 DEGs were retrieved and identified to be involved in biological processes related to tumor regulation. Then 102 natural compounds were screened for a combination such that the expressions of all 110 commonly DEGs were altered. A combination of salidroside, ginsenoside rd, oridonin, britanin, and scutellarein was chosen. A multifaceted, multi-dimensional tumor regression was showed by altering autophagy, apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammatory cytokines production. Conclusions: This study has helped develop a unique combination of natural compounds that will markedly reduce the propensity of development of drug resistance in tumors and immune evasion by tumors. The result is crucial to developing a combinatorial natural therapeutic cocktail with accentuated immunotherapeutic potential.

关键词： natural compounds chemopreventive gene expression head and neck cancer immunomodulator salidroside ginsenoside rd oridonin britanin scutellarein

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Surface Modification Aspects for Improving Biomedical Properties in Implants:A review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： J.Sharath kumar rakesh kumar rajeev Verma Industrial and Production Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The primary focus during surgery is to ensure successful implantation by achieving long-term and stable fixation of implants.Orthopaedic surgery is now more focused on the development of novel biomaterials intended to improve implant performance.To obtain a better understanding of metal implants,this article investigated the causes of material failures in certain cases and analysed a few case studies.The interaction between the implant and bone tissue was a crucial aspect of successful implantation,and this study explored the factors influencing this interaction as well as ways to improve it.Several modern approaches used for modifying implant surfaces were systematically illustrated and briefly analysed.Thermal spray coatings were often favoured because of their wide range of coating materials,but other substantial surface modifications(such as friction stir processing and laser surface texturing)were also used for a selection of applications.Notably,implant surfaces with desirable features,such as biocompatibility,antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance,and wear resistance,were essential for optimising implant functionality.This systematic review's main aim is to provide exhaustive reference information and a broad overview to advance the production and design of orthopaedic implants.

关键词： Biomaterials Surface treatments Thermal spray coatings Antibacterial Biocompatibility Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

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Deep learning models for tuberculosis detection and infected region visualization in chest X-ray images

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 104-113页

作者： Vinayak Sharma Nillmani Sachin kumar Gupta Kaushal kumar Shukla School of Electronics and Communication Engineering Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University Jammu and KashmirIndia School of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiIndia

Objective Tuberculosis(TB)is among the most frequent causes of infectious-disease-related mortality.Despite being treatable by antibiotics,tuberculosis often goes misdiagnosed and untreated,especially in rural and low-resource areas.Chest X-rays are frequently used to aid diagnosis;however,this presents additional challenges because of the possibility of abnormal radiological appearance and a lack of radiologists in areas where the infection is most prevalent.Implementing deep-learning-based imaging techniques for computer-aided diagnosis has the potential to enable accurate diagnoses and lessen the burden on medical specialists.In the present work,we aimed to develop deep-learning-based segmentation and classification models for accurate and precise detection of tuberculosis in chest X-ray images,with visualization of infection using gradient-weighted class activation mapping(Grad-CAM)heatmaps.Methods First,we trained the UNet segmentation model using 704 chest X-ray radiographs taken from the Montgomery County and Shenzhen Hospital datasets.Next,we implemented the trained UNet model on 1,400 tuberculosis and control chest X-ray scans to segment the lung region.The images were taken from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases(NIAID)TB portal program dataset.Then,we applied the deep learning Xception model to classify the segmented lung region into tuberculosis and normal classes.We further investigated the visualization capabilities of the model using Grad-CAM to view tuberculosis abnormalities in chest X-rays and discuss them from radiological perspectives.results For segmentation by the UNet model,we achieved accuracy,Jaccard index,Dice coefficient,and area under the curve(AUC)values of 96.35%,90.38%,94.88%,and 0.99,respectively.For classification by the Xception model,we achieved classification accuracy,precision,recall,F1-score,and AUC values of 99.29%,99.30%,99.29%,99.29%,and 0.999,respectively.The Grad-CAM heatmap images from the tuberculosis class showed similar heatmap patterns,where l

关键词： Tuberculosis Artificial intelligence Deep learning Segmentation Classification Chest X-ray

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Stability Analysis of DC Microgrid Clusters Based on Step-by-step System Matrix Building Algorithm

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 900-912页

作者： K.Jithin N.Mayadevi r.Hari kumar V.P.Mini IEEE the Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Trivandrum APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (APJAKTU) Senior Member

DC microgrids(DCMGs) are made up of a network of sources and loads that are connected by a number of power electronic converters(PECs). The increase in the number of these PECs instigates major concerns in system stability. While interconnecting the microgrids to form a cluster, the system stability must be ensured. This paper proposes a novel stepby-step system matrix building(SMB) algorithm to update the system matrix of an existing DCMG cluster when a new microgrid is added to the cluster through a distribution line. The stability of the individual DCMGs and the DCMG cluster is analyzed using the eigenvalue method. Further, the particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is used to retune the controller gains if the newly formed cluster is not stable. The simulation of the DCMG cluster is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment to test the proposed algorithm. The results are also validated using the OP4510 real-time simulator(rTS).

关键词： Power system stability Stability criteria Microgrids Transfer functions Clustering algorithms Voltage control Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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Drug resistance mechanisms in cancers:Execution of prosurvival strategies

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Journal of Biomedical research 2024年第2期38卷 95-121页

作者： Pavan kumar Dhanyamraju Fels Cancer Institute of Personalized Medicine Lewis-Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19140USA

One of the quintessential challenges in cancer treatment is drug resistance.Several mechanisms of drug resistance have been described to date,and new modes of drug resistance continue to be discovered.The phenomenon of cancer drug resistance is now widespread,with approximately 90% of cancer-related deaths associated with drug resistance.Despite significant advances in the drug discovery process,the emergence of innate and acquired mechanisms of drug resistance has impeded the progress in cancer therapy.Therefore,understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance and the various pathways involved is integral to treatment modalities.In the present review,I discuss the different mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer cells,including DNA damage repair,epithelial to mesenchymal transition,inhibition of cell death,alteration of drug targets,inactivation of drugs,deregulation of cellular energetics,immune evasion,tumor-promoting inflammation,genome instability,and other contributing epigenetic factors.Furthermore,I highlight available treatment options and conclude with future directions.

关键词： cancer drug resistance mechanisms microrNAs treatment strategies

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