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从成人到儿童的结核病传播:家庭接触还是社区接触?

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结核与肺部疾病杂志 2004年第1期7卷 1-5页

作者： H.S.Schaaf I.A.Michaelis M.richardson C.N.Booysen r.p.gie r.Warren p.D van Helden N.Beyers 王海东 Department of paediatrics and Child Health Faculty of Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Tygerberg Tygerberg Children's Hospital Tygerberg Department of paediatrics and Child Health Faculty of Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Tygerberg Department of Medical Biochemistry Medical Research Council Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology. Faculty of Health Sciences. Stellenbosch University Tygerberg South Africa

背景:儿童如果发生结核病,通常会假设其传染源是生活在同一家庭的成年传染性病例。本研究应用限定性片断长度多态性分析技术(rFLp)来确定从传染源到儿童的传播。设计:收集1993年到1998年诊断的成人及儿童结核病例和他们的结核分枝杆菌... 详细信息

背景:儿童如果发生结核病,通常会假设其传染源是生活在同一家庭的成年传染性病例。本研究应用限定性片断长度多态性分析技术(rFLp)来确定从传染源到儿童的传播。设计:收集1993年到1998年诊断的成人及儿童结核病例和他们的结核分枝杆菌培养物。通过访视和结核分枝杆菌菌株的rFLp分析来确定流行病学联系及证实家庭内传播。结果:1291名成人中有1139名(91％)和417名儿童中有65名(16％)籍培养结果证实为结核病。由于要重新收集痰标本和提取DNA的问题,仅对其中的832名成人和35名儿童进行了rFLp分析:19名(54％)儿童有家庭成员确诊为结核病,12名儿童有与其家庭成员相同的菌株。分离自儿童的29株(83％)菌株构成了社区簇的一部分,但与传染源有明确接触史者只有15株。结论:在具有传染性成人肺结核病例的家庭中,儿童患有结核病并不意味着必然是成人对儿童的传播。儿童可能是在社区也可能是在家庭中受到感染。此结果对在高发病率地区的接触者追踪及治疗策略有意义。

关键词：成人儿童结核病疾病传播家庭接触社区接触

Graphene/ruO2 nanocrystal composites as sulfur host for lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第8期28卷 204-211,I0007页

作者： Jian-Qiu Huang Jiaqiang Huang Woon gie Chong Jiang Cui Shanshan Yao Baoling Huang Jang-Kyo Kim Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

An optimized graphene/ruO2/S composite is prepared by hydrothermal growth of ruO2 particles on graphene oxide sheets as the positive electrode for rechargeable lithium-sulfur batteries. The electrode with 6.1 wt% ruO2 nanocrystals and a high sulfur content of 79.0 wt% delivers an optimal electrochemical performance with high residual capacities of 508 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles and 389 m Ah g-1 after800 cycles at 1 C with a low capacity decay of 0.054%. The ruO2 nanocrystals promote the redox reaction kinetics and facilitate the transformation of sulfur chemistry, leading to large improvements in reversibility and rate capability of the composite electrode. The density functional theory calculations signify the formation of Li–O and ru–S bonds through chemical interactions between ruO2 and Li polysulfides while the adsorption energies between graphene and polysulfide species are much higher in the presence of ruO2 than that of the neat graphene acting alone. These discoveries support the efficient entrapment of polysulfides by the composite electrode to the benefit of enhanced cyclic stability of the battery.

关键词： Enhanced redox reaction kinetics polysulfide adsorption Density functional theory Lithium sulfur batteries High sulfur content

Surgical vacuum-assisted closure for treatment of dramatic case of stonefish envenomation

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2010年第4期13卷 250-252页

作者： Alexandru Nistor Olivier gie paul Biegger Cesare Fusetti Stefano Lucchina Hand Surgery Unit Locarno's Regional Hospital Locarno Switzerland Surgical Department Locarno's Regional Hospital Locarno Switzerland

Skin necrosis of the foot, oedema and lymphangitis from stonefish （Synanceia verrucosa） sting are complications well known for a tong time and with potential long-term sequelae. Literature reports of stonefish envenomation give no specific reference on soft tissue management and surgical reconstruction. This is the first report describing a case of foot stonefish envenomation treated by vacuum-assisted closure therapy as an easy to use, accessible and simple adjuvant tool for management of large soft tissue necrosis.

关键词： Verrucotoxin protein, synanceia verrucosa Foot injuries Negative-pressure wound therapy Wound healing

Therapeutic efficacy of novel memantine nitrate MN-08 in animal models of Alzheimer′s disease and vascular dementia

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2023年第7期37卷 492-493页

作者： LIANG Miao ZHOU Xinghua WANG Yuqiang HOI Mag-gie pM ZHANG Zaijun Institute of New Drug research College of Pharmacy Jinan University State Key Laboratory of Quality research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau

OBJECTIVE Alzheimer′s disease (AD)and vascular dementia (VD)are the primary causes of dementia in elderly individuals,and therapeutic options for both conditions are *** of N-methylD-aspartate (NMDA) receptors,decreased cerebral blood flow,and subsequent pathological events,play significant roles in the progression of AD and *** In this study,we investigated the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of MN-08,a novel memantine nitrate,in mouse models of AD and rats with *** MN-08 was found to inhibit Aβ accumulation,prevent neuronal and dendritic spine loss,and attenuate cognitive deficits in 2-month-old App/pS1 transgenic mice (following a 6-month preventative course) and in 8-month-old triple-transgenic (3×Tg-AD) mice (following a4-month therapeutic course),as well as in rat models of VD with preventive and therapeutic *** vitro,MN-08 was shown to bind to and antagonize NMDA receptors,inhibit calcium influx,and reverse dysregulations of the ErK and pI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway,subsequently preventing glutamate-induced neuronal ***,MN-08 exhibited favorable pharmacokinetics,blood-brain barrier penetration,and safety profiles in rats and beagle *** These findings suggest that the novel memantine nitrate MN-08 may be a useful therapeutic agent for AD and VD.

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高生活负担社区随机化选择的儿童群体中肺结核病相关症状的发生率

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 8-9页

作者： Marais B.J. Obihara C.C. gie r.p. 张振 Department of paediatrics and Child Health Centre for TB Research and Education (CENTRE) Stellenbosch University PO Box 19063 Tygerberg 7505 South Africa.Dr

Background: Diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis is problematic and symptom based diagnostic approaches are often promoted in high burden settings. This study aimed (i) to document the prevalence of symptoms associated with tuberculosis among randomly selected children living in a high burden community, and (ii) to compare the prevalence of these symptoms in children without tuberculosis to those in children with newly diagnosed tuberculosis. Methods: A cross sectional, community based survey was performed on a 15% random sample of residential addresses. A symptom based questionnaire and tuberculin skin test (TST) were completed in all children. Chest radiographs were performed according to South African National Tuberculosis Control program guidelines. results: results were available in 1415 children of whom 451 (31.9% ) were TST positive. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 18 (1.3% ) children. Of the 1397 children without tuberculosis, 253 (26.4% ) reported a cough during the preceding 3 months. Comparison of individual symptoms (cough, dyspnoea, chest pain, haemoptysis, anorexia, weight loss, fatigue, fever, night sweats) in children with and without tuberculosis revealed that only weight loss differed significantly (Or = 4.5, 95% CI 1.5 to 12.3), while the combination of cough and weight loss was most significant (Or = 5.4, 95% CI 1.7 to 16.9). Children with newly diagnosed tuberculosis reported no symptoms in 50% of cases. Conclusion: Children from this high burden community frequently reported symptoms associated with tuberculosis. These symptoms had limited value to differentiate children diagnosed with tuberculosis from those without tuberculosis. Improved case definitions and symptom characterisation are required when evaluating the diagnostic value of symptoms.

关键词：肺结核病随机化生活负担儿童群体横断性摄影检查结核菌素皮试结核病控制食欲减退试验样本

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海神式多相泵:现场试验结果

国外石油机械 1994年第4期6卷 72-78页

作者：李振林 pierre gie 石油大学

本文报道了1984年TOTAL、IFp和STATOIL制订的“poseidon工程”执行情况——多相泵的最新成果。在室内试验通过之后,该泵已安装在现场,运行四千多小时而没有出现机械故障。

关键词：多相流旋转动力泵缓冲罐气液比

在强激光束中LiI的光离解及Li的共振电离研究

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光电子．激光 2002年第2期13卷 202-204页

作者：霍炳海崔拴锦 gie Gao Z.T.Salim H.H.Telle 天津大学理学院天津300072 英国斯旺西大学激光研究室

利用脉冲激光束与分子的相互作用 ,对 L i I进行了光离解。同时 ,用另一束可调谐激光对 L i I离解后产生的中性 L i进行共振激发 ,然后把处在激发态的 L i进行光电离。对 L i的飞行时间质谱 (TOFMS)进行了研究 ,并对光离解及光电离过程... 详细信息

利用脉冲激光束与分子的相互作用 ,对 L i I进行了光离解。同时 ,用另一束可调谐激光对 L i I离解后产生的中性 L i进行共振激发 ,然后把处在激发态的 L i进行光电离。对 L i的飞行时间质谱 (TOFMS)进行了研究 ,并对光离解及光电离过程中可能存在的多光子电离 (MpI)

关键词：共振电离多光子电离飞行时间质谱强激光束锂 LiI

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菲涅尔聚光pV/T系统输出特性分析及优化

工程热物理学报 2015年第8期36卷 1633-1637页

作者：史志国闫素英王胜捷田瑞郭嘉内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院呼和浩特010051 风能太阳能利用技术省部共建教育部重点实验室呼和浩特010051

针对菲涅尔聚光引起的砷化镓电池温度分布不均问题,本文提出水冷螺旋式微通道散热结构,冷却GaAs电池,研究微通道长度、pCB板面积和流体入口速度对电池温度、出口流体温度及太阳能电池的光热、光电及综合效率的影响,并进行结构优化,结果... 详细信息

针对菲涅尔聚光引起的砷化镓电池温度分布不均问题,本文提出水冷螺旋式微通道散热结构,冷却GaAs电池,研究微通道长度、pCB板面积和流体入口速度对电池温度、出口流体温度及太阳能电池的光热、光电及综合效率的影响,并进行结构优化,结果表明,对于本文所研究单片砷化镓电池,选择面积为127×127 mm^2的pCB板,流道长度为6圈时的螺旋式微通道冷却结构换热效果最佳,且若得到可应用于膜蒸馏苦咸水淡化系统热源的65~70℃出口流体,入口流体速度应控制在0.52~0.58 m/s内,本文为菲涅尔高倍聚光pV/T冷却系统的换热特性试验研究与应用提供了理论基础。

关键词： pV/T 菲涅尔聚光输出特性微通道冷却结构优化

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食品软包装用胶粘剂中芳香族伯胺的管理

包装前沿 2020年第5期 68-71页

作者：汉高秦莉莉 Wen-gie Siew 郑琰杰不详

所有基于芳香族聚氨酯胶粘剂的食品软包装都会释放有害物质芳香族伯胺(pAA),其有迁移到食品中的风险。想要降低pAA对人体的危害,需要控制软包装中芳香族伯胺的迁移量。本文介绍了pA A的来源、产生机理、国内外法规对pAA的管控、pAA的检... 详细信息

所有基于芳香族聚氨酯胶粘剂的食品软包装都会释放有害物质芳香族伯胺(pAA),其有迁移到食品中的风险。想要降低pAA对人体的危害,需要控制软包装中芳香族伯胺的迁移量。本文介绍了pA A的来源、产生机理、国内外法规对pAA的管控、pAA的检测方法及汉高对pAA的管控举措。

关键词：聚氨酯胶粘剂芳香族伯胺食品软包装迁移量检测方法有害物质 pAA 产生机理