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A comprehensive review on pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of 8 potent Prunus species of southeast Asia

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 620-628页

作者： Shikha Agrawal Adarsh kumar Ankit kumar Singh Harshwardhan Singh Suresh Thareja Pradeep kumar Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products Central University of Punjab

Genus Prunus comprising around 430 species is a vast important genus of family rosaceae, subfamily amygdalaoidae. Among all 430 species, around 19 important species are commonly found in Indian subcontinent due to their broad nutritional and economic importance. Some most common species of genus Prunus are Prunus amygdalus, Prunus persica, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus cerasoides, Prunus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, etc. A newly introduced species of Prunus i.e Prunus sunhangii is recently discovered which is morphologically very similar to Prunus cerasoides. Plants of Prunus species are short to medium-sized deciduous trees mainly found in the northern hemisphere. In India and its subcontinent,it extends from the Himalayas to Sikkim, Meghalaya,Bhutan, Myanmar etc. Different Prunus species have been extensively studied for their morphological,microscopic, pharmacological and phytoconstituents characteristics. Total phenolic content of Prunus species explains the presence of phenols in high quantity and pharmacological activity due to phenols. Phytochemical screening of species of genus Prunus shows the presence of wide phytoconstituents which contributes in their pharmacological significance and reveals the therapeutic potential and traditional medicinal significance of this genus. Genus Prunus showed a potent antioxidant activity analyzed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical assay. Plant species belonging to the genus Prunus is widely used traditionally for the treatment of various disorders. Some specific Prunus species possess potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory,hypoglycemic etc. activity which makes the genus more interesting for further research and findings. This review is an attempt to summarize the comprehensive study of Prunus species from its distribution, morphological characters to phytoconstituents, and pharmacological activity.

关键词： Prunus rosaceae antineoplastic agents distribution hypoglycemic agents phytochemistry review

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Wave propagation at interface of heat conducting micropolar solid and fluid media

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2011年第7期32卷 881-902页

作者： r.kumar M.KAUr S.C.rAJVANSHI Department of Mathematics Kurukshetra UniversityKurukshetra 136119India Department of Applied Sciences Guru Nanak Dev Engineering CollegeLudhianaPunjab 141008India Department of Applied Sciences Gurukul VidyapeethInstitute of Engineering and TechnologyBanurPunjab 140601India

The present investigation is concerned with the wave propagation at an interface of a micropolar generalized thermoelastic solid half space and a heat conducting micropolar fluid half space. reflection and transmission phenomena of plane waves are investigated, which impinge obliquely at the plane interface between a micropolar generalized thermoelastic solid half space and a heat conducting micropolar fluid half space. The incident wave is assumed to be striking at the interface after propagating through the micropolar generalized thermoelastic solid. The amplitude ratios of various reflected and transmitted waves are obtained in a closed form. It is found that they are a function of the angle of incidence and frequency and are affected by the elastic properties of the media. Micropolarity and thermal relaxation effects are shown on the amplitude ratios for a specific model. The results of some earlier literatures are also deduced from the present investigation.

关键词： micropolar solid micropolar fluid thermoelastic reflection coefficient,transmission coefficient half space

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Mathematical modelling of ball and plate system with experimental and correlation function-based model validation

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 326-341页

作者： T.r.Dil kumar S.J.Mija Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology CalicutKozhikode673601KeralaIndia

The ball and plate system is an inherently nonlinear under actuated benchmark system used for validating the performance of various control schemes. A mathematical model depicting the dynamics close to that of the system is very much required for such a test bed. In this correspondence, the complete nonlinear model, a simplified nonlinear model, and a linearized model of the ball and plate system are developed. The system comprises a ball and plate mechanism and a rotary servo unit. The ball and plate mechanism is modelled using the Euler–Lagrange method, whereas the rotary servo subsystem is modelled from the first principles. The nonlinear model of the combined system is developed by including the dynamics of the servo motor with gear and rolling resistance between the ball and the plate. The simplified nonlinear model of the system is obtained with suitable assumptions. The model is linearized around the operating point using the Jacobian. The validity of the developed models is investigated through correlation function analysis. The open-loop response of the three models, viz., nonlinear, simplified nonlinear, and linearized models, is analyzed in the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Since the open-loop system is unstable, the experimental validation of the model is performed with a double-loop PSO (particle swarm optimization) PID control scheme.

关键词： Ball and plate system Correlation function Model validation Particle swarm optimization(PSO) PSO PID controller

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Multi objective prediction and optimization of control parameters in the milling of aluminium hybrid metal matrix composites using ANN and Taguchi-grey relational analysis

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第4期15卷 545-556页

作者： S.Ajith Arul Daniel r.Pugazhenthi r.kumar S.Vijayananth Department of Mechanical Engineering Vels Institute of ScienceTechnology and Advanced Studies

This study aims to optimize the input parameters such as mass fraction and particle size of SiC along with depth of cut,feed and cutting speed in the milling of Al5059/SiC/MoS2.The hybrid metal matrix composites are generally fabricated by reinforcing of different sizes(10,20,40 μm)of SiC with aluminium at a different levels(5%,10%& 15%)whereas the MoS2 addition is fixed as 2%.The effect of each control factor on response variables are analyzed through Taguchi S/N ratio method.Also,the most significant method for prediction of response parameters is satisfied by ANN model than the regression model.Analysis of variance(ANOVA)results envisage that mass fraction of SiC,feed rate is the most domineering factor on response variable.

关键词： Silicon carbide Temperature Surface roughness Cutting forces Artificial neural network Grey relational analysis

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A Cocktail of Natural Compounds Holds Promise for New Immunotherapeutic Potential in Head and Neck Cancer

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 42-51页

作者： Sunil kumar Asmita Das Department of Biotechnology Delhi Technological UniversityDelhi(110042)India

Objective: To obtain detailed understanding on the gene regulation of natural compounds in altering prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(HNSC). Methods: Gene expression data of HNSC samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of HNSC patients were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO). Differential gene expression analysis of GEO datasets were achieved by the GEO2r tool. Common differentially expressed gerres(DEGs) were screened by comparing DEGs of HNSC with those of PBMCs. The combination was further analyzed for regulating pathways and biological processes that were affected. results: Totally 110 DEGs were retrieved and identified to be involved in biological processes related to tumor regulation. Then 102 natural compounds were screened for a combination such that the expressions of all 110 commonly DEGs were altered. A combination of salidroside, ginsenoside rd, oridonin, britanin, and scutellarein was chosen. A multifaceted, multi-dimensional tumor regression was showed by altering autophagy, apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammatory cytokines production. Conclusions: This study has helped develop a unique combination of natural compounds that will markedly reduce the propensity of development of drug resistance in tumors and immune evasion by tumors. The result is crucial to developing a combinatorial natural therapeutic cocktail with accentuated immunotherapeutic potential.

关键词： natural compounds chemopreventive gene expression head and neck cancer immunomodulator salidroside ginsenoside rd oridonin britanin scutellarein

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Microstructure Evolution during Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloy AA2219

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第8期26卷 747-753页

作者： K.S.Arora S.Pandey M.Schaper r.kumar Mechanical Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Institut fuer Werkstoffwissenschaft Technische Universitaet Dresden Institut fuer Sicherheitsforschung Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Engineering Division National Metallurgical Laboratory

The characterization of microstructure evolution in friction stir welded aluminum alloy was carried out by optical microscopy （OM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD）. The weld nugget consisted of very fine equiaxed grains and experienced dissolution of nearly half of metastable precipitates into the matrix during welding. Thermomechanically affected zone （TMAZ） also experienced dissolution of precipitates but to a lesser extent whereas coarsening of precipitates was observed in heat affected zone （HAZ）. Grain boundary misorientation measurements using EBSD indicated continuous dynamic recrystallization as the underlying mechanism for the fine equiaxed nugget grains. The yield and tensile strength of the weld decreased with comparison to base material. But due to the decrease of grain size and the dissolution of second phase precipitates, an increased Charpy energy value was observed in the weld n u gget.

关键词： Friction stir welding AA2219 Precipitates Vickers hardness Tensile testing Charpy impact energy

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Surface Modification Aspects for Improving Biomedical Properties in Implants:A review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： J.Sharath kumar rakesh kumar rajeev Verma Industrial and Production Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The primary focus during surgery is to ensure successful implantation by achieving long-term and stable fixation of implants.Orthopaedic surgery is now more focused on the development of novel biomaterials intended to improve implant performance.To obtain a better understanding of metal implants,this article investigated the causes of material failures in certain cases and analysed a few case studies.The interaction between the implant and bone tissue was a crucial aspect of successful implantation,and this study explored the factors influencing this interaction as well as ways to improve it.Several modern approaches used for modifying implant surfaces were systematically illustrated and briefly analysed.Thermal spray coatings were often favoured because of their wide range of coating materials,but other substantial surface modifications(such as friction stir processing and laser surface texturing)were also used for a selection of applications.Notably,implant surfaces with desirable features,such as biocompatibility,antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance,and wear resistance,were essential for optimising implant functionality.This systematic review's main aim is to provide exhaustive reference information and a broad overview to advance the production and design of orthopaedic implants.

关键词： Biomaterials Surface treatments Thermal spray coatings Antibacterial Biocompatibility Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

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Stability Analysis of DC Microgrid Clusters Based on Step-by-step System Matrix Building Algorithm

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 900-912页

作者： K.Jithin N.Mayadevi r.Hari kumar V.P.Mini IEEE the Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Trivandrum APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (APJAKTU) Senior Member

DC microgrids(DCMGs) are made up of a network of sources and loads that are connected by a number of power electronic converters(PECs). The increase in the number of these PECs instigates major concerns in system stability. While interconnecting the microgrids to form a cluster, the system stability must be ensured. This paper proposes a novel stepby-step system matrix building(SMB) algorithm to update the system matrix of an existing DCMG cluster when a new microgrid is added to the cluster through a distribution line. The stability of the individual DCMGs and the DCMG cluster is analyzed using the eigenvalue method. Further, the particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is used to retune the controller gains if the newly formed cluster is not stable. The simulation of the DCMG cluster is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment to test the proposed algorithm. The results are also validated using the OP4510 real-time simulator(rTS).

关键词： Power system stability Stability criteria Microgrids Transfer functions Clustering algorithms Voltage control Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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Drug resistance mechanisms in cancers:Execution of prosurvival strategies

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Journal of Biomedical research 2024年第2期38卷 95-121页

作者： Pavan kumar Dhanyamraju Fels Cancer Institute of Personalized Medicine Lewis-Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19140USA

One of the quintessential challenges in cancer treatment is drug resistance.Several mechanisms of drug resistance have been described to date,and new modes of drug resistance continue to be discovered.The phenomenon of cancer drug resistance is now widespread,with approximately 90% of cancer-related deaths associated with drug resistance.Despite significant advances in the drug discovery process,the emergence of innate and acquired mechanisms of drug resistance has impeded the progress in cancer therapy.Therefore,understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance and the various pathways involved is integral to treatment modalities.In the present review,I discuss the different mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer cells,including DNA damage repair,epithelial to mesenchymal transition,inhibition of cell death,alteration of drug targets,inactivation of drugs,deregulation of cellular energetics,immune evasion,tumor-promoting inflammation,genome instability,and other contributing epigenetic factors.Furthermore,I highlight available treatment options and conclude with future directions.

关键词： cancer drug resistance mechanisms microrNAs treatment strategies

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Study of damage behavior and repair effectiveness of patch repaired carbon fiber laminate under quasi-static indentation loading

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 29-41页

作者： Alok kumar Chinmaya kumar Sahoo A.Arockiarajan Department of Applied Mechanics Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

Damage caused due to low-velocity impacts in composites leads to substantial deterioration in their residual strength and eventually provokes structural failure.This work presents an experimental investigation on the effects of different patch and parent laminate stacking sequences on the enhancement of impact strength of Carbon Fiber reinforced Polymers(CFrP)composites by utilising the adhesively bonded external patch repair technique.Damage evolution study is also performed with the aid of Acoustic Emission(AE).Two different quasi-isotropic configurations were selected for the parent laminate,viz.,[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/0°/45°/0°]s.Quasi Static Indentation(QSI)test was performed on both the pristine laminates,and damage areas were detected by using the C-scan inspection technique.Damaged laminates were repaired by using a single-sided patch of two different configurations,viz.,[45°/45°/45°/45°]and[45°/0°/0°/45°],and employing a circular plug to fill the damaged hole.Four different combinations of repaired laminates with two configurations of each parent and patch laminate were produced,which were further subjected to the QSI test.The results reveal the effectiveness of the repair method,as all the repaired laminates show higher impact resistance compared to the respective pristine laminates.Patches of[45°/0°/0°/45°]configuration when repaired by taking[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/0°/45°/0°]s as parents exhibited 68%and 73%higher peak loads,respectively,than the respective pristine laminates.Furthermore,parent and patch of configuration[45°/0°/45°/0°]s and[45°/0°/0°/45°],respectively,attain the highest peak load,whereas[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/45°/45°/45°]combinations possess the most gradual decrease in the load.

关键词： Carbon fiber reinforced polymers(CFrP) Quasi-isotropic laminate Quasi static indentation(QSI) Acoustic emission(AE) Composite repair

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