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Variability of the Southwest Monsoon since the Last 25 000 Years and Their Possible Causes: role of Northern Hemisphere versus Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2013年第3期24卷 428-436页

作者： Anju pandey ravi Mishra Centre for Climate Change research National Centre for Antarctic & Ocean research

High-precision, clay sediment oxygen and hydrogen isotopes analyses of Pleistocene-Holocene deep-sea sediments from the Bay of Bengal （BOB） are presented for the first time. Our study shows that the major source of sediments in the study area, since the last-25 000 years, is likely to be the Higher Himalayan crystalline rocks. Further, the study of these stable isotope data displays the variation of southwest monsoon （SWM） in the BOB region since the last-25 000 years and the cause behind the variation has been interpreted. The δ 18 O values of the clay sediments are compared with δ 18 O values of the BOB seawater. This comparison shows that the clay sediment δ 18 O values of the studied sediment cores temporally vary along with the changes in strength of the SWM. Based on the changes in the clay sediment δ 18 O values of the studied sediment, we evaluate the variance in the SWM since the last 25 000 years in the BOB. Our results are consistent with previous work in the region based on other proxies. To evaluate the factors influencing the intensity of the SWM since the last glacial maxima, we conducted comparative analyses of the studied clay sediment δ 18 O values with δ 18 O values in the Greenland ice cores （GISP2） and Tibetan ice cores （Guliya）. The results from this comparative study show that large-scale changes in the intensity of the SWM since 25 000 years are affected by the climate oscillations of the Northern Hemisphere, but rapid and abrupt fluctuations in the SWM seem to be controlled by the amount of snow cover in the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： southwest monsoon Bay of Bengal Tibetan Plateau clay stable isotope.

Molecular characterization and diversity analysis of bacterial communities associated with Dialeurolonga malleswaramensis （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） adults using 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing and FISH

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 704-711页

作者： Neeti pandey raman rajagopal Gut Biology Lab Room No 117 Department of Zoology University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India

Dialeurolonga malleswaramensis Sundararaj （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） is a phytophagous sap sucking insect. It infests Polyalthia longifolia, an important avenue tree of India, effective in alleviating noise pollution and having immense medicinal importance. Samples of this insect were collected from Polyalthia longifolia. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene （mtCOl） helped in the molecular characterization of the insect. This study reports the bacterial diversity in D. malleswararnensis adults by high throughput 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing. The major genera identified were Portiera and Arsenophonus. Other bacterial genera detected were uncultured alpha proteobacterium, Sphingopyxis and Methylobacterium. We also employed fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） in whole mount samples to confirm the presence of dominant endosymbionts Portiera and Arsenophonus to the bacteriocyte of D. malleswaramensis. This study concludes that combining techniques like 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing and FISH reveal both dominant and rare bacteria. The data also predict the evolutionary position of this pest with respect to other whitefly species using a mitochondrial marker.

关键词： 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing bacterial diversity Dialeurolongamalleswaramensis FISH mtC01

Ballistic response of skin simulant against fragment simulating projectiles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 70-82页

作者： Punit kumar pandey Atul Harmukh M.k.khan M.A.Iqbal S.G.Ganpule Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee247667India Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee247667India Department of Design Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee247667India

The response of biological phantoms against high velocity impact is actively sought for applications in defense,space,soft robotics and *** this end,we study the ballistic response of silicone based skin simulant against fragment *** a pneumatic gas gun setup,six chisel-nosed and three regular shaped(sphere,cylinder,and cube)fragments were impacted on the skin *** resulting skin simulant response was studied in terms of ballistic limit velocities,energy densities,failure pattern,and the mechanics of *** results indicate that the shape of the fragment affects the ballistic limit *** ballistic limit velocities,energy densities of the chisel-nosed fragment simulating projectiles were relatively insensitive to the size(mass),except for the smallest(0.16 g)and largest(2.79 g)chisel-nosed *** the same size(1 g),ballistic limit velocities and failure are dependent on the shape of the *** skin simulant failed by combined plugging and elastic hole *** in the spherical fragment was dominated by the elastic hole enlargement,whereas plugging failure was dominant in all other *** spherical,cylindrical,and chisel-nosed fragments created circular cavities,and the cubical fragment created a square *** the case of the spherical fragment,slipping of the fragment within the skin simulant was *** fragments created lateral cracks emanating from the corners of the square ***,for all the fragments,the maximum deformation corresponding to the perforation was lower than the non-perforation indicating rate dependent,stress driven *** maximum deformation was also dependent on the shape of the ***,these results provide unique insights into the mechanical response of a soft simulant against ballistic *** have utility in the calibration and validation of computational models,design of personal protective equipment,and antipersonnel syste

关键词： Skin simulant Fragment Impact Ballistic limit velocity Energy density Failure

Deep scientific drilling results from koyna and killari earthquake regions reveal why Indian shield lithosphere is unusual, thin and warm

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第5期7卷 851-858页

作者： O.P.pandey CSIr-National Geophysical research Institute Uppal Road Hyderabad 500007 India

The nature of crustal and lithospheric mantle evolution of the Archean shields as well as their subsequent deformation due to recent plate motions and sustained intraplate geodynamic activity, has been a subject of considerable interest. In view of this, about three decades ago, a new idea was put forward suggesting that out of all shield terrains, the Indian shield has an extremely thin lithosphere（w100 km,compared to 250e350 km, elsewhere）, apart from being warm, non-rigid, sheared and deformed. As expected, it met with scepticism by heat flow and the emerging seismic tomographic study groups, who on the contrary suggested that the Indian shield has a cool crust, besides a coherent and thick lithosphere（as much as 300e400 km） like any other shield. However, recently obtained integrated geological and geophysical findings from deep scientific drillings in 1993 killari（M w： 6.3） and 1967 koyna（M w： 6.3）earthquake zones, as well as newly acquired geophysical data over other parts of Indian shield terrain,have provided a totally new insight to this debate. Beneath killari, the basement was found consisting of high density, high velocity mid crustal amphibolite to granulite facies rocks due to exhumation of the deeper crustal layers and sustained granitic upper crustal erosion. Similar type of basement appears to be present in koyna region too, which is characterized by considerably high upper crustal ***, such type of crust is depleted in radiogenic elements, it resulted into lowering of heat flow at the surface, increase in heat flow contribution from the mantle, and upwarping of the lithosphereasthenosphere boundary. Consequently, the Indian shield lithosphere has become unusually thin and warm. This study highlights the need of an integrated geological, geochemical and geophysical approach in order to accurately determine deep crust-mantle thermal regime in continental areas.

关键词： Indian lithosphere killari seismic zone Deep drilling results Mafic crust Geodynamics Heat flow

Electrical properties of 0-30.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))TiO_(3)-0.5Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_(3)/PVDF nanocomposites

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2018年第4期8卷 35-42页

作者： Bablu k.pandey Amit kumar k.P.Chandra A.r kulkarni S.k Jayaswal k.Prasad University Department of Physics T.M.Bhagalpur University Bhagalpur 812007 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Mesra(Patna Campus) Patna 800014India Department of Physics S.M.College Bhagalpur 812001India Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology Mumbai 400076 India

Lead-free x(0.50(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3)TiO_(3)-0.50Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3)-(1-x)PVDF ceramic–polymer nanocomposites with x=0.025,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.25 were prepared using melt-mixing *** distribution of nanoceramic filler particles(0.50(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3)TiO_(3)-0.50Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3)in the PVDF matrix were examined using scanning electron *** analysis indicated the negative temperature coefficient of resistance character of all the test *** concentrationdependent piezoelectric coefficient(d33Þdata followed exponential growth types of *** data for ac conductivity were found to obey Jonscher’s power *** correlated barrier hopping(CBH)model was found to explain the mechanism of charge transport occurring in the *** low value of loss tangent(-10^(-2))along with the high value of d_(33) foreshadowing the prospect of present nanocomposite is a better nonlead option for piezo-sensing/detection applications,especially in bio-medical area.

关键词： random composite medium dielectric properties piezoelectric properties impedance analysis.

recurrent hardgrounds and their significance for intra-basinal correlations:a case study of upper Bathonian rocks from the western margin of the Indian craton

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2019年第1期8卷 19-30页

作者： Dhirendra k.pandey Franz T.Fürsich Matthias Alberti Jitendra k.Sharma Narendra Swami Earth and Planetary Sciences Group Manipal Center for Natural SciencesCentre of Excellence Dr. TMA Pai Planetarium Building Manipal Academy of Higher Education FG Pal?oumwelt GeoZentrum Nordbayern Friedrich-Alexander Universit?t Erlangen-Nürnberg Institut für Geowissenschaften Christian-Albrechts-Universit?t zu Kiel Department of Geology University of Rajasthan Himalayan Geology Division Geological Survey of India Northern Region

A set of two to three prominent hardgrounds can be traced for more than 40 km from east to west within the Jurassic succession of the Jaisalmer Basin at the western margin of the Indian Craton. The hardgrounds started to form under subtidal conditions in a mixed carbonate–siliciclastic setting during the last phase of a transgressive systems tract, i.e. the maximum flooding zone. The age difference between the hardgrounds is very small, but they differ lithologically. Typically, the stratigraphically oldest hardground occurs at the top of a 1-m-thick calcareous sandstone. It is characterized by a spectacular megaripple surface encrusted with oysters and subsequently occasionally bored by bivalves. The hardground is overlain by 10–25 cm of biowackestone to biopackstone, at the top of which another hardground is developed. This second hardground is characterized by abundant bivalve(Gastrochaenolites isp.) and "worm" borings(Trypanites and Meandropolydora isp.) and occasional oyster encrustations. The third hardground can be found within the overlying 60-cm-thick, bioturbated, fossiliferous silty marly packstone. It shows common to abundant oyster encrustations and occasional borings together with reworked concretions. The individual hardground can be well recognized throughout the basin based on lithology and biotic components. The second hardground(biowackestone to biopackstone) with abundant bivalve and worm borings is most prominent and widespread. Lithostratigraphically, these three hardground surfaces belong to the uppermost part of the Bada Bag Member of the Jaisalmer Formation. Based on ammonites, such as Perisphinctes congener(Waagen), brachiopods, and corals, this interval of the Bada Bag Member has been assigned a late Bathonian age. The entire succession above the first hardground is bioturbated up to the overlying marly silt of the kuldhar Member of the Jaisalmer Formation, which is already Callovian in age. The characteristic hardground lithologies, toget

关键词： Hardgrounds Stratigraphy Palaeoenvironment Jurassic Jaisalmer Basin

Trends in major and minor meteorological variables and their influence on reference evapotranspiration for mid Himalayan region at east Sikkim, India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第2期13卷 302-315页

作者： Shweta YADAV Proloy DEB Sonu kUMAr Vanita pandey Pankaj kumar pandey Water Engineering and Management Asian Institute of TechnologyPathumthani 12120Thailand Centre for Water Climate and Land-Use(CWCL)Faculty of Science and Information TechnologySchool of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNewcastle 2308Australia Department of Agricultural Engineering Northeastern Regional Institute of Science and TechnologyNirjuliArunachal Pradesh 791109India Department of Soil and Water Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering and Post Harvest TechnologyRanipoolSikkim 737135India

Abstract： Estimation of evapotranspiration （ET） for mountain ecosystem is of absolute importance since it serves as an important component in balancing the hydrologic cycle. The present study evaluates the performance of original and location specific calibrated Hargreaves equation （HArG） with the estimates of Food and Agricultural Organization （FAO） Penman Monteith （PM） method for higher altitudes in East Sikkim, India. The results show that the uncalibrated HArG model underestimates ET0 by 0.35 mm day^-1 whereas the results are significantly improved by regional calibration of the model. In addition, this paper also presents the variability in the trajectory associated with the climatic variables with the changing climate in the study site. Non- parametric Mann-kendall （Mk） test was used to investigate and understand the mean monthly trend of eight climatic parameters including reference evapotranspiration （ET0） for the period of 1985 - 2009. Trend of ET0 was estimated for the calculations done by FAO PM equation. The outcomes of the trend analysis show significant increasing （p ≤ 0.05） trend represented by higher Z-values, through Mk test, for net radiation （rn）, maximum temperature （Tmax） and minimum temperature （Train）, especially in the first months of the year. Whereas, significant （0.01 ≥ p ≤0.05） decreasing trend in vapor pressure deficit （VPD） and precipitation （P） is observed throughout the year. Declining trend in sunshine duration, VPD and ET0 is found in spring （March - May） and monsoon （June - November） season. The result displays significant （0.01≤ p ≤0.05） decreasing ET0 trend between （June - December） except in July, exhibiting the positive relation with VPD followed by sunshine duration at the station. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of trend analysis of ET0 and other climatic variables for efficient planning and managing the agricultural practices, in identifying the changes in the meteorological parameters and to accurately assess t

关键词： reference evapotranspiration (ET0) Climatic variables Trend analysis Mann-kendall's test Monthly variation East Sikkim hilly region

Identification of ExpIdentification of Expressed resistance Gene Analogs from Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Expressed Sequence Tags

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第5期55卷 453-461页

作者： Zhanji Liu Suping Feng Manish k. pandey Xiaoping Chen Albert k. Culbreath rajeev k. Varshney Baozhu Guo University of Georgia Department of Plant Pathology Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences High-Tech Research Center Qiongzhou University College of Bioscience and Biotechnology International Crops research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICrISAT) Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Crops Research Institute US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceCrop Protection and Management Research Unit

Low genetic diversity makes peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） very vulnerable to plant pathogens, causing severe yield loss and reduced seed quality. Several hundred partial genomic DNA sequences as nucleotide-binding-site leucine-rich repeat （NBS-Lrr） resistance genes （r） have been identified, but a small portion with expressed transcripts has been found. We aimed to identify resistance gene analogs （rGAs） from peanut expressed sequence tags （ESTs） and to develop polymorphic markers. The protein sequences of 54 known r genes were used to identify homologs from peanut ESTs from public databases. A total of 1,053 ESTs corresponding to six different classes of known r genes were recovered, and assembled 156 contigs and 229 singletons as peanut-expressed rGAs. There were 69 that encoded for NBS-Lrr proteins, 191 that encoded for protein kinases, 82 that encoded for Lrr-Pk/transmembrane proteins, 28 that encoded for Toxin reductases, 11 that encoded for Lrr-domain containing proteins and four that encoded for TM-domain containing proteins. Twenty-eight simple sequence repeats （SSrs） were identified from 25 peanut expressed rGAs. One SSr polymorphic marker （rGA121） was identified. Two polymerase chain reaction-based markers （Ahsw-1 and Ahsw-2） developed from rGA013 were homologous to the Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus （TSWV） resistance gene. All three markers were mapped on the same linkage group AhIV. These expressed rGAs are the source for rGA-tagged marker development and identification of peanut resistance genes.

关键词： Arachis hypogaea expressed sequence tags resistance gene analogs Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus.

Hydrogen Bonded 3D Molecular Self Assembly Constructed from [(Ni(nicotinamide)_2(thiocyanate)_2(H_2O)_2] Complex Showing Spin Canted Anti-ferromagnetic Character

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2015年第5期34卷 777-785页

作者： Deepanjali pandey Shahid S.Narvi Gopal k.Mehrotra raymond J.Butcher Department of Chemistry Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry Howard University

A new three-dimensional nickel（Ⅱ） hydrogen-bonded molecular self assembly containing [（Ni（nicotinamide）2（thiocyanate）2（H2O）2] complex has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,FTIr spectroscopy,thermal analysis and magnetic *** analysis reveals that the complex crystallizes in triclinic space group P1（crystal data a = 7.5574,b = 8.2683,c = 9.0056 A,α = 73.010,β = 69.698,γ = 66.51） and exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination *** interesting point in its structure is the involvement of sulphur atom of thiocyanate moiety in the trifurcated hydrogen bonding to build up the hydrogen-bonded self *** magnetic behavior as determined by squid magnetometer（2~300 k ***） reveals dominating antiferromagnetic interaction followed by spin canting behavior below 20 k.

关键词： hydrogen bonded 3D structure intermolecular magnetic interaction spin canting