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国际医学放射学杂志 2018年第2期 241-242页

作者： k.G.Foley r.k.hills B.Berthon C.Marshall C.Parkinson W.G.Lewis 王清霖 Division of Cancer & Genetics Cardiff University

摘要目的本回顾性队列研究开发了一种基于正电子发射体层成像(PET)纹理分析预测食管癌(OC)病人预后的模型,并对该模型进行内部验证。方法本研究纳入403例连

关键词：食管癌 PET 纹理分析

Functional Interaction of the SNArE Protein NtSyp121 in Ca^2＋ Channel Gating, Ca^2＋ Transientsand ABA Signalling of Stomatal Guard Cells

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Molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 347-358页

作者： Sergei Sokolovski Adrian hills robert A. Gay Michael r. Blatt Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics IBLS--Plant Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK Current address: Blackfriars 64 St Giles Oxford OX1 3LY UK

There is now growing evidence that membrane vesicle trafficking proteins, especially of the superfamily of SNArEs, are critical for cellular signalling in plants. Work from this laboratory first demonstrated that a soluble, inhibitory （dominant-negative） fragment of the SNArE NtSyp121 blocked k^＋ and CI^- channel responses to the stress-related hormone abscisic acid （ABA）, but left open a question about functional impacts on signal intermediates, especially on Ca^2＋-mediated signalling events. Here, we report one mode of action for the SNArE mediated directly through alterations in Ca^2＋ channel gating and its consequent effects on cytosolic-free [Ca^2＋] （[Ca^2＋]i） elevation. We find that expressing the same inhibitory fragment of NtSyp121 blocks ABA-evoked stomatal closure, but only partially suppresses stomatal closure in the presence of the NO donor, SNAP, which promotes [Ca^2＋]i elevation independently of the plasma membrane Ca^2＋ channels. Consistent with these observations, Ca^2＋ channel gating at the plasma membrane is altered by the SNArE fragment in a manner effective in reducing the potential for triggering a rise in [Ca^2＋]i, and we show directly that its expression in vivo leads to a pronounced suppression of evoked [Ca^2＋]i transients. These observations offer primary evidence for the functional coupling of the SNArE with Ca^2＋ channels at the plant cell plasma membrane and, because [Ca^2＋]i plays a key role in the control of k^＋ and CI^- channel currents in guard cells, they underscore an important mechanism for SNArE integration with ion channel regulation during stomatal closure.

关键词： Ca^2+ channel, hyperpolarization-activated abscisic acid membrane vesicle traffic cytosolic-free [Ca^2+]elevation Nicotiana plant pathogen defense.

From foraging to autonoetic consciousness： The primal self as a consequence of embodied prospective foraging

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Current Zoology 2015年第2期61卷 368-381页

作者： Thomas T. hills Stephen BUTTErFILL Department of Psychology University of Warwick CV4 7AL Coventry UK Department of Philosophy University of Warwick CV4 7AL Coventry UK

The capacity to adapt to resource distributions by modulating the frequency of exploratory and exploitative behaviors is common across metazoans and is arguably a principal selective force in the evolution of cognition. Here we （I） review recent work investigating behavioral and biological commonalities between external foraging in space and internal foraging over envi- ronments specified by cognitive representations, and （2） explore the implications of these commonalities for understanding the origins of the self. Behavioural commonalities include the capacity for what is known as area-restricted search in the ecological literature： this is search focussed around locations where resources have been found in the past, but moving away from locations where few resources arc found, and capable of producing movement pattems mimicking L6vy flights. Area-restricted search shares a neural basis across metazoans, and these biological commonalities in vertebrates suggest an evolutionary homology be- tween external and internal foraging. Internal foraging, and in particular a form we call embodied prospective foraging, makes available additional capacities for prediction based on search through a cognitive representation of the external environment, and allows predictions about outcomes of possible future actions. We demonstrate that cognitive systems that use embodied prospec- tive foraging require a primitive sense of self, needed to distinguish actual from simulated action. This relationship has implica- tions for understanding the evolution of autonoetic consciousness and self-awareness.

关键词： Self-projection Mental time travel Episodic future thinking Foraging Consciousness

Accelerated carbonation and leaching behavior of the slag from iron and steel making industry

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2007年第4期14卷 297-301页

作者： Quanyuan Chen Johnson Lingyun Zhu Menghong Yuan hills School of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 200051 China School of Science University of Greenwich Chatham Maritime Kent ME4 4TB UK School of Information Science and Technology Donghua University Shanghai 200051 China

Ground granulated blast furnace slag （GGBFS） and steelmaking slag have been used as a raw material for cement production or as an aggregate to make concrete, which contribute aluminum, calcium, iron, and silicon oxides. The suitability of the slag for a particular application depends on its reactivity, cost, availability, and its influence on the properties of the resulting concrete. For the interest of durability studying of concrete in the presence of slag, the accelerated carbonation products and leaching behavior of the slag and Portland cement （PC） were studied. The experimental results confirmed that the slag was more resistant to carbonation compared to PC. The carbonation degree of GGBFS reduced by 17.74%; and the carbonation degrees of steelmaking slags reduced by 9.51%- 11.94%. Carbonation neutralized the alkaline nature of the hydrated pastes and gave rise to the redox potential of the leachate slightly （30-77 mV）. The carbonation also increased the release of most of the elements presented, except for calcium, to the aqueous environment. It is concluded that blend cements （PC plus slag） have economical advantages and better durability compared to PC,

关键词： carbonation slag cement leachate durability

Carbon star CGCS 673 identified as a semi-regular variable star

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第11期20卷 235-238页

作者： Stephen M.Brincat Charles Galdies kevin hills Flarestar Observatory(MPC 171) Fl.5/BGeorge Tayar StreetSan GwannSGN 3160Malta Institute of Earth Systems University of MaltaMsidaMSD 2080Malta Tacande Observatory(La Palma Spain)c/o 4 Grange DriveHartfordCheshire CW83AEUK

This study reports that the carbon star CGCS 673 is a semi-regular(Sr)variable star with a period of 135 d and an amplitude of 0.18mag in the *** light curve obtained by this study correlates well with the Sr classification as the photometric data obtained show noticeable periodicity in the light changes of CGCS 673 that is occasionally interrupted by a period of irregular *** derived period and colour index obtained from our data and those from professional databases indicate that the attributes of this star fall within the parameters of the Sr class of variable *** our notification of the discovery that this star is a variable source,CGCS 673 has received the AAVSO Unique Identifier of(AAVSO UID)000-BMZ-492.

关键词： techniques photometric stars variables semi-regular variable stars individual CGCS

Applying Earth Observation Technologies to Economic Consequence Modeling:A Case Study of COVID‑19 in Los Angeles County,California

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International Journal of Disaster risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 18-31页

作者： Fynnwin Prager Marina T.Mendoza Charles k.Huyck Adam rose Paul Amyx Gregory Yetman kristy F.Tiampo California State University Dominguez HillsCarsonCA 90747USA ImageCat Inc.Long BeachCA 90802USA University of Southern California Los AngelesCA 90015USA CIESIN–Center for International Earth Science Information Network Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY 10964USA Cooperative Institute for research in Environmental Sciences(CIrES) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Earth observation(EO) technologies,such as very high-resolution optical satellite data available from Maxar,can enhance economic consequence modeling of disasters by capturing the fine-grained and real-time behavioral responses of businesses and the *** investigated this unique approach to economic consequence modeling to determine whether crowd-sourced interpretations of EO data can be used to illuminate key economic behavioral responses that could be used for computable general equilibrium modeling of supply chain repercussions and resilience *** applied our methodology to the COVID-19 pandemic experience in Los Angeles County,California as a case *** also proposed a dynamic adjustment approach to account for the changing character of EO through longer-term disasters in the economic modeling *** found that despite limitations,EO data can increase sectoral and temporal resolution,which leads to significant differences from other data sources in terms of direct and total impact *** findings from this analytical approach have important implications for economic consequence modeling of disasters,as well as providing useful information to policymakers and emergency managers,whose goal is to reduce disaster costs and to improve economic resilience.

关键词： Computable general equilibrium models COVID-19 Disaster economic impacts Earth observation Economic consequence analysis Los Angeles County

Comparison of properties of traditional and accelerated carbonated solidified/stabilized contaminated soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第5期20卷 593-598页

作者： LIU Jiangying XU Dimin XIONG Lan Colin hills Paula CArEY kevin GArDNEr State key Laboratory of Pollution Control and resource reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Department of Civil Engineering University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TTUnited Kingdom Centre for Contaminated Land remediation Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Greenwich Chatham Maritime Kent ME4 4TB United Kingdom Department of Civil Engineering University of New Hampshire Durham NH03824 USA

The investigation of the long-term performance of solidified/stabilized （S/S） contaminated soils was carried out in a trial site in southeast Uk. The soils were exposed to the maximum natural weathering for four years and sampled at various depths in a controlled manner. The chemical properties （e.g., degree of carbonation （DOC）, pH, electrical conductivity （EC）） and physical properties （e.g., moisture content （MC）, liquid limit CLL）, plastic limit （PL）, plasticity index （PI）） of the samples untreated and treated with the traditional and accelerated carbonated S/S processes were analyzed. Their variations on the depths of the soils were also studied. The result showed that the broad geotechnical properties of the soils, manifested in their PIs, were related to the concentration of the water soluble ions and in particular the free calcium ions. The samples treated with the accelerated carbonation technology （ACT）, and the untreated samples contained limited number of free calcium ions in solutions and consequently interacted with waters in a similar way. Compared with the traditional cement-based S/S technology, e.g., treatment with ordinary portland cement （OPC） or EnvirOceM, ACT caused the increase of the PI of the treated soil and made it more stable during long-term weathering. The PI values for the four soils ascended according to the order： the EnvirOceM soil, the OPC soil, the ACT soil, and the untreated soil while their pH and EC values descended according to the same order.

关键词： solidified/stabilized accelerated carbonation contaminated soil electrical conductivity liquid limit plastic limit plasticity index

Synthesis and transformation of zero-dimensional Cs3BiX6(X=Cl,Br)perovskite-analogue nanocrystals

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Nano research 2020年第1期13卷 282-291页

作者： Hanjun Yang Tong Cai Exian Liu katie hills-kimball Jianbo Gao Ou Chen Department of Chemistry Brown University324 Brook StreetProvidenceRhode Island02912USA Ultrafast Photophysics of Quantum Devices Laboratory Department of Physics and AstronomyClemson UniversityClemsonSouth Carolina29634USA

The unique structure of zero-dimensional(0D)perovskite-analogues has attracted a great amount of research interest in recent *** date,the current compositional library of 0D perovskites is largely limited to the lead-based Cs4PbX6(X=Cl,Br,and I)*** this work,we report a new synthesis of lead-free 0D Cs3BiX6(X=Cl,Br)perovskite-analogue nanocrystals(NCs)with a uniform cubic *** observe a broad photoluminescence peak centered at 390 nm for the 0D Cs3BiCl6 NCs at low *** feature originates from a self-trapped exciton *** situ thermal stability studies show that Cs3BiX6 NCs remain stable upon heating up to 200°C without crystal structural ***,we demonstrate that the Cs3BiX6 NCs can transform into other bismuth-based perovskite-analogues via facile anion exchange or metal ion insertion *** study presented here offers the opportunity for further understanding of the structure-property relationship of 0D perovskite-analogue materials,leading toward their future optoelectronic applications.

关键词： perovskite nanocrystals zero-dimensional perovskite-analogue bismuth-based perovskite post-synthetic reactions anion exchange

Fluoride contamination in groundwater:A global review of the status,processes,challenges,and remedial measures

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 1-29页

作者： E.Shaji k.V.Sarath M.Santosh P.k.krishnaprasad B.k.Arya Manisha S.Babu Department of Geology University of KeralaKariavattom CampusThiruvananthapuramKerala 695581India School of Earth Sciences and resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Department of Earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Department of Geology Central University of KeralaTejaswini HillsPeriyeKasaragodKerala 671316India

Groundwater pollution by fluoride is one of the prime concerns of the world population due to its toxicity,which results in adverse health *** this paper,we review the current scenario of the fluoride contamination of groundwater in various countries across the globe and its impact on human *** the last decade,several newly affected regions have been reported all over the world,with more than 100 countries affected by fluoride contamination in groundwater(concentration exceeding the acceptable limit of 1.5 mg/L defined by the World Health Organization).Fluoride poisoning is mainly due to the unsupervised ingestion of products for dental and oral hygiene and over-fluoridated drinking *** is estimated that more than 200 million people from different countries are affected by fluoriderelated groundwater issues and health *** highest among these are from the countries in Africa(38),Asia(28),and Europe(24),followed by countries like South America(5),North America(3),and Australia(2).The source of fluoride in drinking water is primarily geogenic,together with forage,grasses and grains,tea,and anthropogenic *** countries affected were correlated with climatic zones and geological factors to gain insights into geospatial *** analyses show that most of the fluoride pollution-prone zones are located in high-grade metamorphic terranes with granitoid or alkaline intrusions,geothermal hot springs,and volcanic regions with arid or semi-arid climatic *** study also finds that children across the globe are more vulnerable than adults to fluoride *** review finds that,although there are efficient fluoride removal techniques,including filters with next-generation nanomaterials,to date,there has not been a single technique developed that can claim to be a practically robust solution for fluoride removal from drinking ***,we suggest developing next-generation filters that can retain essential miner

关键词： Fluoride Groundwater Water contamination WHO standards Climate zones remediation Sustainable Development Goals

Cell adhesion in renal tubular epithelial cells:Biochemistry,biophysics or both

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BIOCELL 2022年第4期46卷 937-940页

作者： CLAIrE ELIZABETH hills ELEFTHErIOS SIAMANTOUrAS PAUL EDWArD SQUIrES Diabetes Metabolism&Inflammation GroupSchool of Life SciencesJoseph Banks LaboratoriesUniversity of LincolnLincolnLN67DLUK

Changes in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion markers are increasingly used to characterize disease onset and ***,these relationships depend on both the biochemical and molecular association between cells and between cells and their extracellular matrix,as well as the biophysical and mechanical properties orchestrated by cytoskeletal,membrane and matrix *** fully appreciate the role of cell adhesion when determining normal physiology and the impact of disease on cellular function,it is important to consider both biochemical and biophysical attributes of the system being *** this short viewpoint we reflect on our experiences assessing cell-cell and/or cell-matrix interactions in renal tubular epithelial cells.

关键词： Cell-adhesion Cadherin Cytoskeleton AFM kidney Epithelium