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Hydrogeochemical Model and Water Quality of Groundwater in the Granito-Basaltic Fractured rock Aquiferous Formations in Bafoussam, West region-Cameroon

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Journal of Water resource and Protection 2018年第11期10卷 1148-1174页

作者： r. A. Akoachere T. A. Eyong M. O. Eduvie S. E. Egbe O. O. Yaya M. O. Nwude Department of Geology University of Buea Buea Cameroon National Water resources Institute Kaduna Nigeria

This study determined the hydrogeochemical model of groundwater and groundwater domestic-agro-industrial quality in Bafoussam using hydrogeochemical tools and physicochemical parameters: Ionic ratios, Gibbs diagrams, Piper diagrams, Durov diagrams and water quality indices. From physicochemical parameters;pH ranged from, 4.47 - 7.84;EC, 10 - 820 μS/cm;Temperature, 22.3°C - 29.5°C and TDS, 6.7 - 549.4 mg/L. The major ions fell below WHO acceptable limits. The sequences of major ionic abundance are: Ca2+ > Mg2+ > k+ > Na+ > NH+4, HCO-3 > Cl- > SO2-4 > NO3 > HPO2-4. recharge by atmospheric precipitation, ion-exchange and simple dissolution processes are responsible for groundwater character, ionic content resulted from ion exchange and rock-weathering. Water types are Ca-HCO3 and Ca-Cl Hydrogeochemical facies are Ca-Mg-Cl-SO4 and Ca-Mg-HCO3. Domestic water quality was determined by use of pH, electrical Conductivity EC, total dissolved solids TDS, total Hardness HT and water quality index WQI. WQI values ranged from 0 - 42.09 and HT 67.89 - 339.01 indicating that water is of good domestic quality. Agro-industrial suitability of groundwater was determined using, sodium adsorption ratio SAr, permeability index PI, Magnesium adsorption ratio mar, percent sodium %Na, kelly’s ratio kr and residual sodium carbonate rSC and Wilcox diagram;From irrigational water suitability parameters, SAr values ranged from 0.01 - 0 05;%Na 3.69 - 15.50;kr 0.005 - 0.023;PI 1.04 - 67.98;mar 2.89 - 55.27;rSC -5.22 to -0.44 and Wilcox diagram indicate that inorganic groundwater content in the study area is excellent-good for irrigation;this is of significance since Bafoussam a major agroindustrial zone in Cameroon and Central Africa is in the process of developing large scaled irrigation based agricultural projects dependent on use of surface and groundwater. recharge from precipitation exchanges ions with the weathered country rocks and mixes with regional flow in a generally south-east north-w

关键词： Hydrogeochemical-Model Water-Quality Fractured-rock-Aquifer Bafoussam Cameroon

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Groundwater Monitoring in the Gneisso-Basaltic Fractured rock Aquiferous Formations of kumba, Southwest region Cameroon: Seasonal Variations in the Aqueous Geochemistry and Water Quality

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第11期6卷 18-50页

作者： r. A. Akoachere Y. M. Ngwese S. E. Egbe T. A. Eyong S. N. Edimo D. B. Tambe Department of Geology University of Buea Buea Cameroon Ministry of Scientific research Nlongkak Yaoundé Cameroon Advanced School of Public Works Yaoundé Cameroon

The objective was to determine and monitor seasonal changes during four hydrological seasons: Wet season (September), Wetdry season (December), Dry season (march) and Drywet season (June) in the groundwater aqueous geochemistry and its domestic-agro-industrial quality using physicochemical parameters and hydrogeochemical tools: Temperature, Electrical Conductivity EC, pH, Total dissolved solids TDS, Ionic ratios, Gibbs diagrams, Piper diagrams Durov diagrams, total hardness HT, Water quality index WQI, Sodium adsorption ratio SAr, Percent Sodium %Na, kelly’s ratio kr, permeability index PI, Magnesium adsorption ratio mar, residual sodium carbonate rSC and Wilcox diagram. Field physicochemical parameters ranged from: Wet season;pH 3.9 - 6.9;Temperature, 23.3°C - 29.1°C;EC, 10 - 1900 μS/cm;TDS, 6.7 - 1273 mg/L;Wetdry, pH, 5.7 - 11.7;Temperature, 23.6°C - 28.3°C;EC, 1 - 1099 μS/cm, TDS, 0.67 - 736.33 mg/L;Dry pH, 5.7 - 13.1;Temperature, 26.3°C - 30.2°C;EC, 12 - 770 μS/cm, TDS, 8.04 - 515.9 mg/L and Drywet, pH, 4 - 7.4;Temperature, 25.8°C - 30.7°C;EC, 10 - 1220 μS/cm, TDS, 6.7 - 817.4 mg/L. Seventy-two groundwater samples, 18 per season were analysed. All ionic concentrations fell below acceptable World Health Organization guidelines in all seasons. The sequence of abundance of major ions are;Wet, Ca+ > Mg2+ > Na+ = k+ > NH4+, HCO3? > Cl? > NO3? > SO42? > HPO42?;Wetdry Ca+ > k+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > NH4+, HCO3? > Cl? > SO42? > NO3? > HPO42?;Dry Ca+ > k+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > NH4+, HCO3? > Cl?> NO3? > SO42? > HPO42?;Drywet NH4+ > Ca+ > k+ > Mg2+ > Na+;Cl? > HCO3? > NO3? > SO42? > HPO42?. Groundwater ionic content was due to rock weathering and ion exchange reactions. CaSO4 is the dominant water type in Wet and Wetdry seasons;followed by CaHCO3, Na + k-Cl Wet, CaSO4 and CaHCO3 Wetdry;MgCl Dry and Drywet followed by CaCl, CaHCO3 Dry and CaSO4, CaHCO3 Dry-Wet. The dominant hydrogeochemical facies are Ca-Mg-Cl-SO4 followed by Na-k-SO4 Wet and Ca-Mg-HCO3? in all other seasons. Ion exchange

关键词： Groundwater Monitoring Hydrogeochemical-Facies Fractured rock Aquifer Groundwater-Quality kumba-Cameroon

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中国产紫菜属藻胆蛋白的研究

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海洋与湖沼 1985年第5期 417-420页

作者：潘忠正曾呈奎中国科学院海洋研究所中国科学院海洋研究所青岛

本研究以羟基磷灰石(Hydroxyla patite)为吸附剂的柱层析法分离和纯化了中国产紫菜属(Porphyra)6种紫菜——条斑紫菜(***)、少精紫菜(***)、华北半叶紫菜(*** ***)、甘紫菜(***)、坛紫菜(***)和边紫菜(***)——中的藻胆蛋白。吸收光谱... 详细信息

本研究以羟基磷灰石(Hydroxyla patite)为吸附剂的柱层析法分离和纯化了中国产紫菜属(Porphyra)6种紫菜——条斑紫菜(***)、少精紫菜(***)、华北半叶紫菜(*** ***)、甘紫菜(***)、坛紫菜(***)和边紫菜(***)——中的藻胆蛋白。吸收光谱测定的结果显示,r-藻红蛋白(r-phycoerythrin)和变藻蓝蛋白(Allophycocyanin)存在于所研究的6种紫菜中,而C-藻蓝蛋白(C-phycocyanin)只出现于甘紫菜、条斑紫菜、少精紫菜和华北半叶紫菜中,而r-藻蓝蛋白(r-phycocyanin)则只出现于坛紫菜和边紫菜中。

关键词：紫菜属藻红蛋白藻类色素条斑紫菜藻胆朊边紫菜种紫菜

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低剂量CT平扫显示正常阑尾:使用滑动板平均技术

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国际医学放射学杂志 2009年第4期32卷 393-393页

作者： S.M. Joo k.H. Lee Y.H. kim S.Y. kim k. kim k.J. kim 孙东辉（译）万业达（校） Department of radiology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Republic of Korea. 不详

目的回顾性对16或64层低剂量CT平扫影像采用滑动板平均技术,确定正常阑尾的显示率。方法本研究获机构伦理审查委员会批准,并免除知情同意。共有259例病人进行了16或64层CT低剂量平扫（平均有效剂量为1．7mSv）以评估泌尿系绞痛,其中37例... 详细信息

目的回顾性对16或64层低剂量CT平扫影像采用滑动板平均技术,确定正常阑尾的显示率。方法本研究获机构伦理审查委员会批准,并免除知情同意。共有259例病人进行了16或64层CT低剂量平扫（平均有效剂量为1．7mSv）以评估泌尿系绞痛,其中37例（143.3％）有阑尾切除史。3位阅片者使用滑动板平均技术回顾性复习薄层（层厚为O．67或2．00mm）影像并进行分级,分为阑尾不显示、不确切或部分显示、清晰及全部显示。以加权,c统计方法评估阅片者间的一致性。采用McNemar试验比较阅片者之间的敏感度。

关键词：阑尾切除 CT平扫低剂量伦理审查委员会 64层CT mar试验有效剂量统计方法

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结肠癌手术中主要营养血管的最佳结扎水平和肠切缘距肿瘤的距离:主要营养血管位置的影响

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 17-17页

作者： Hida J.-I Okuno k Yasutomi M. 尹勇 Department of Surgery Kinki University School of Medicine 377-2 Ohno-Higashi Osaka-Sayama Osaka 589-8511 Japan

PUrPOSE: In colon cancer surgery, it is recommended that en bloc resection involving extended lymphadenectomy, characterized as a hemicolectomy, be performed by ligating the primary feeding artery at a high position and resecting proximal and distal with 5-cm to 10-cm bowel margins. However, there is little evidenc e to unequivocally support such extensive lymphovascular resection. METHODS: The distribution of nodal metastases was obtained by the clearing method in 164 pat ients with colon cancer. rESULTS: For pericolic spread, for pT1 tumors, the dist ance from the primary tumor to a diseased node was 2.5 cm; for pT2, the distance was less than 5 cm; for 97.0 percent of pT3 tumors and 93.3 percent of pT4 tumo rs with nodes involved, the distance was less than 7 cm. For central spread, for pT1 tumors, the rate of spread to central nodes was 0 percent; for pT2, the rat e of spread was 20.0 percent to intermediate nodes (for tumors more than 5 cm fr om the feeding artery, the rate for central nodes was 0 percent); for pT3, the r ate was 30.6 percent to intermediate nodes and 15.3 percent to main nodes; for p T4, the rate was 44.4 percent to intermediate nodes and 22.2 percent to main nod es. For curative resection cases with pT3 tumors more than 7 cm from the feeding artery, the rate to central nodes was 0 percent. CONCLUSIONS: In T1 tumors, cen tral node dissection is not required, but resection with proximal and distal 3cm margins are required; in T2, central node dissection that includes the intermed iate node should be performed in addition to resection with proximal and distal 5-cm margins. In T3 and T4, central node dissection that includes the main node should be performed in addition to resection with proximal and distal 7-cm mar gins. However, for T2 more than 5 cm from the primary feeding artery, and for T3 more than 7 cm from the primary feeding artery, proximal and distal resection a lone may be adequate.

关键词：结肠癌手术营养血管切缘中央淋巴结结肠切除术结肠癌患者淋巴结转移淋巴血管淋巴结清扫清

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P450cam突变体蛋白表达、纯化与结晶的改进及其四突变体(F87L/Y96F/L244A/V247A)晶体结构

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生物化学与生物物理进展 2004年第7期31卷 611-615页

作者：刘斌斌孙蕾徐峰娄智勇庞海 L.L.WONG 刘一苇清华大学结构生物学实验室 Department of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of Oxford U.K.

在P4 5 0cam突变体蛋白纯化过程中使用 2 80nm/ 392nm双波长比值检测蛋白质纯度 ,采用 β 巯基乙醇对蛋白质进行还原性保护 ,有效地缩短了纯化进程 ,纯化效率相应提高 .以PEG 80 0 0为沉淀剂经悬滴汽相扩散法筛选得到适合衍射的P4 5 0ca... 详细信息

在P4 5 0cam突变体蛋白纯化过程中使用 2 80nm/ 392nm双波长比值检测蛋白质纯度 ,采用 β 巯基乙醇对蛋白质进行还原性保护 ,有效地缩短了纯化进程 ,纯化效率相应提高 .以PEG 80 0 0为沉淀剂经悬滴汽相扩散法筛选得到适合衍射的P4 5 0cam四突变体 (F87L/Y96F/L2 4 4A/V2 4 7A)晶体 ,在mar research面探测器系统上收集了0 2 2nm分辨率的X射线衍射数据 .采用同晶差值傅立叶法解析结构 ,最后的晶体学r因子和rfree分别为 0 197和 0 2 4 7,键长偏差为 0 0 0 177nm ,键角偏差为 1 96°.结构测定显示P4 5 0cam四突变体 (F87L/Y96F/L2 4 4A/V2 4 7A)和P4 5 0cam野生型的整体构象无重大变化 ,突变后活性口袋变大而疏水性增加 ,这与突变设计预期目标一致 .

关键词： P450cam 四突变体纯化双波长检测晶体结构

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Improving ITS sequence data for identification of plant pathogenic fungi

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第4期67卷 11-19页

作者： r.Henrik Nilsson kevin D.Hyde Julia Pawlowska martin ryberg Leho Tedersoo Anders Bjornsgard Aas Siti A.Alias Artur Alves Cajsa Lisa Anderson Alexandre Antonelli A.Elizabeth Arnold Barbara Bahnmann Mohammad Bahram Johan Bengtsson-Palme Anna Berlin Sara Branco Putarak Chomnunti Asha Dissanayake rein Drenkhan Hanna Friberg Tobias Guldberg Froslev Bettina Halwachs martin Hartmann Beatrice Henricot ruvishika Jayawardena Ari Jumpponen Havard kauserud Sonja koskela Tomasz kulik kare Liimatainen Bjorn D.Lindahl Daniel Lindner Jian-kui Liu Sajeewa Maharachchikumbura Dimuthu Manamgoda Svante martinsson maria Alice Neves Tuula Niskanen Stephan Nylinder Olinto Liparini Pereira Danilo Batista Pinho Teresita M.Porter Valentin Queloz Taavi riit marisol Sánchez-García Filipe de Sousa Emil Stefańczyk.mariusz Tadych Susumu Takamatsu Qing Tian Dhanushka Udayanga martin Unterseher Zheng Wang Saowanee Wikee Jiye Yan Ellen Larsson karl-Henrik Larsson Urmas koljalg kessy Abarenkov Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgBox 46140530 GothenburgSweden Institute of Excellence in Fungal research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Plant Systematics and Geography Faculty of BiologyUniversity of WarsawAl.Ujazdowskie 400-478 WarsawPoland Department of Organismal Biology Uppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18D75236 UppsalaSweden Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of TartuLai 40Tartu 51005Estonia Microbial Evolution research Group University of OsloBlindernveien 310371 OsloNorway Institute of Biological Sciences University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Biology CESAMUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal School of Plant Sciences The University of Arizona1140 E South Campus DriveForbes 303TucsonAZ 85721USA Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology ASCRVídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic Department of Infectious Diseases Institute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGuldhedsgatan 1041346 GoteborgSweden Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 702675007 UppsalaSweden University of California at Berkeley 321 Koshland Hall University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-3102USA Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing 100097China Institute of Forestry and rural Engineering Estonian University of Life SciencesKreutzwaldi551014 TartuEstonia Natural History Museum of Denmark Øster Voldgade 5-71350 København KDenmark Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics Graz University of Technology8010 GrazAustria Core Facility Bioinformatics Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology8010 GrazAustria Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLZuercherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Molecular Ecology Institute for Sustainability SciencesAgroscopeReckenholzstrasse 191

Plant pathogenic fungi are a large and diverse assemblage of eukaryotes with substantial impacts on natural ecosystems and human *** taxa often have complex and poorly understood life cycles,lack observable,discriminatory morphological characters,and may not be amenable to in vitro *** a result,species identification is frequently ***(DNA sequence)data have emerged as crucial information for the taxonomic identification of plant pathogenic fungi,with the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region being the most popular ***,international nucleotide sequence databases are accumulating numerous sequences of compromised or low-resolution taxonomic annotations and substandard technical quality,making their use in the molecular identification of plant pathogenic fungi *** we report on a concerted effort to identify high-quality reference sequences for various plant pathogenic fungi and to re-annotate incorrectly or insufficiently annotated public ITS sequences from these fungal lineages.A third objective was to enrich the sequences with geographical and ecological *** results-a total of 31,954 changes-are incorporated in and made available through the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi(http://***),including standalone FASTA files of sequence data for local BLAST searches,use in the next-generation sequencing analysis platforms QIIME and mothur,and related *** present initiative is just a beginning to cover the wide spectrum of plant pathogenic fungi,and we invite all researchers with pertinent expertise to join the annotation effort.

关键词： Phytopathogenic fungi Molecular identification ITS Taxonomy Annotation

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