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Dietary xylo‑oligosaccharides and arabinoxylans improved growth efficiency by reducing gut epithelial cell turnover in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1325-1335页

作者： Carla Castro Shahram Niknafs Gemma gonzalez‑Ortiz Xinle Tan Michael r.Bedford Eugeni roura Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshire SN84ANUK

Background One of the main roles of the intestinal mucosa is to protect against environmental ***-mentation of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS)is known to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and improve gut health and function in *** may have an impact on the integrity of the intestinal epithelia where cell turnover is critical to maintain the compatibility between the digestive and barrier *** aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of XOS and an arabinoxylan-rich fraction(AXrF)supplementation on gut func-tion and epithelial integrity in broiler *** A total of 128 broiler chickens(ross 308)were assigned into one of two different dietary treatments for a period of 42 d:1)control diet consisting of a corn/soybean meal-based diet;or 2)a control diet supplemented with 0.5%XOS and 1%*** treatment was randomly distributed across 8 pens(n=8)with 8 chickens *** intake and body weight were recorded *** d 42,one male chicken per pen was selected based on aver-age weight and euthanized,jejunum samples were collected for proteomics *** Dietary XOS/AXrF supplementation improved feed efficiency(Prom d 1 to 42 compared to the con-trol *** analysis was used to understand the mechanism of improved efficiency uncovering 346 dif-ferentially abundant proteins(DAP)(Padjred to the non-supplemented *** the jejunum,the DAP translated into decreased ATP production indicating lower energy expenditure by the tissue(e.g.,inhibition of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways).In addition,DAP were associated with decreased epithelial cell differentiation,and migration by reducing the actin polymerization ***-ting the two main pathways together,XOS/AXrF supplementation may decrease around 19%the energy required for the maintenance of the gastrointestinal *** Dietary XOS/AXrF supplementation improved gr

关键词： Actin Arabinoxylans Broiler Cell turnover Energy metabolism Jejunum Xylo-oligosaccharides

Brillouin expanded time-domain analysis based on dual optical frequency combs

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1534-1544页

作者： Jae Hyeong Youn Kwang Yong Song Sonia Martin-Lopez Miguel gonzalez-Herraez María r.Fernández-ruiz Dept.of Physics Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulKorea Dept.of Electronics Universidad de AlcaláMadridSpain

Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis(BOTDA)is a widely-used distributed optical fiber sensing technology employing pulse-modulated pump waves for local information retrieval of the Brillouin gain or loss *** spatial resolution of BOTDA systems is intrinsically linked to pulse duration,so high-resolution measurements demand high electronic bandwidths inversely proportional to the *** paper introduces Brillouin Expanded Time-Domain Analysis(BETDA)as a modified BOTDA system,simultaneously achieving high spatial resolution and low detection *** two optical frequency combs(OFCs)with different frequency intervals as pump and probe,local Brillouin gain spectra are recorded by their spectral beating traces in an expanded time domain.A 2-cm-long hotspot located in a 230m single-mode fiber is successfully measured in the time domain with a detection bandwidth of less than 100 kHz using dual OFCs with tailored spectral phase,line spacing,and bandwidth.

关键词： pump optical fiber

Feasibility of smart intraocular lens

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1379-1380页

作者： Francisco gonzalez CIMUS University of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain Service of Ophthalmology and IDIS Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15706Spain

Dear Editor,Wearable biosensors are monitoring implantable devices that provide real-time detection of biomarkers by means of non-invasive measurements[1].There is a high demand for novel sensors that can be comfortably used by the patients for clinical monitoring of ocular *** implanted into eyes have been improved and they have the capacity to monitor parameters such as intraocular pressure(IOP),and also have the possibility of recording lactic acid,glucose or cortisol levels[2-3].

关键词： intraocular clinical ocular

Generation of lossy mode resonances(LMr)using perovskite nanofilms

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第2期7卷 33-40页

作者： Dayron Armas Ignacio r.Matias M.Carmen Lopez-gonzalez Carlos ruiz Zamarreño Pablo Zubiate Ignacio del Villar Beatriz romero Electrical Electronic and Communications Engineering DepartmentPublic University of NavarraPamplona 31006Spain Institute of Smart Cities(ISC) Public University of NavarraPamplona 31006Spain Experimental Science and Technology School Rey Juan Carlos UniversityMostoles 28933Spain

The results presented here show for the first time the experimental demonstration of the fabrication of lossy mode resonance(LMr) devices based on perovskite coatings deposited on planar waveguides. Perovskite thin films have been obtained by means of the spin coating technique and their presence was confirmed by ellipsometry, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction testing. The LMrs can be generated in a wide wavelength range and the experimental results agree with the theoretical simulations. Overall, this study highlights the potential of perovskite thin films for the development of novel LMr-based devices that can be used for environmental monitoring, industrial sensing, and gas detection, among other applications.

关键词： perovskite thin films slab waveguide lossy mode resonance

Predicting outcomes after kidney transplantation: Can Pareto’s rules help us to do so?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 9-11页

作者： Fernando M gonzalez Francisca gonzalez Cohens Department of Nephrology Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiago 7500922Chile Web Intelligence Centre Faculty of Physics and Mathematical SciencesSantiago 7500922Chile

Kidney transplantation is the best option for kidney replacement therapy,even considering that most of the times the grafts do not survive as long as their *** the Khalil et al's experience,published in this issue of the Journal,they analyze their second kidney graft survival and describe those significant predictors of early *** editorial comments on the results and put in perspective that most of the times,long-term graft survival could be inadvertently jeopardized if the immunosuppressive therapy is reduced or withdrawn for any reason,and that it could happen frequently if the transplant physician intends to innovate with the clinical care without proper evidence-based data.

关键词： Kidney transplantation Graft survival Acute rejection Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy Immunosuppression

From the backyard to collective gardens in the “blue-courtyard”: reversing the process of upgrading historic timber-framed courtyard buildings in Madrid

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Frontiers of Architectural research 2024年第2期13卷 265-283页

作者： Esperanza gonzalez-redondo Department of Architecture University of AlcalaMadridSpain

This paper presents an analytical framework for evaluating the impact of the two main processes identified in Madrid timber-framed courtyard buildings reinforcing the courtyard's crucial role in architectural heritage sustainability:their development caused dwellings to darken(1737–1950),and the existing challenge is to open new patios according to the listed buildings'protection *** findings in archival research and existing building assessments led to completed data collection and *** exploring construction expansion,from the house towards the collective prototype around a gradually reduced patio and dwelling darkening(1737–1786),buildings resulted in open,semiopen,underlighted and closed *** area on-site assessment uncovered the transition from the older low-rise type(1–3)floors to the modern closed model of up to(4–6)*** enlargements,consequently reducing original green areas and courtyards,call for reversing that process or formulating a new *** debates the partial demolition of listed buildings in upgrades and its agreement with the needed“blue courtyard”strategy(PGOUM),resulting from joining new rear individual patios to create a communal building block *** uncovered“in-between”type(1864),which integrates two open-air collective spaces,an inner courtyard and a back garden,appears challenging to explore.

关键词： Courtyard Sustainabledesign Architectural heritage Archives Timber-framed construction Social housing

Task Offloading in Edge Computing Using GNNs and DQN

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2649-2671页

作者： Asier Garmendia-Orbegozo Jose David Nunez-gonzalez Miguel Angel Anton Department of Applied Mathematics University of the Basque Country UPV/EHUEibar20600Spain TECNALIA Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)San Sebastian20009Spain

In a network environment composed of different types of computing centers that can be divided into different layers(clod,edge layer,and others),the interconnection between them offers the possibility of peer-to-peer task *** many resource-constrained devices,the computation of many types of tasks is not feasible because they cannot support such computations as they do not have enough available memory and processing *** this scenario,it is worth considering transferring these tasks to resource-rich platforms,such as Edge Data Centers or remote cloud *** different reasons,it is more exciting and appropriate to download various tasks to specific download destinations depending on the properties and state of the environment and the nature of the *** the same time,establishing an optimal offloading policy,which ensures that all tasks are executed within the required latency and avoids excessive workload on specific computing centers is not *** study presents two alternatives to solve the offloading decision paradigm by introducing two well-known algorithms,Graph Neural Networks(GNN)and Deep Q-Network(DQN).It applies the alternatives on a well-known Edge Computing simulator called PureEdgeSimand compares them with the two defaultmethods,Trade-Off and round *** showed that variants offer a slight improvement in task success rate and workload *** terms of energy efficiency,they provided similar ***,the success rates of different computing centers are tested,and the lack of capacity of remote cloud servers to respond to applications in real-time is *** novel ways of finding a download strategy in a local networking environment are unique as they emulate the state and structure of the environment innovatively,considering the quality of its connections and constant *** download score defined in this research is a crucial feature for determining the quality of a download path

关键词： Edge computing edge offloading fog computing task offloading

Efficient removal of the recalcitrant metamizole contaminant from drinking water by using a CaLaCoO_(9) perovskite supported on recycled polyethylene

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 56-67页

作者： Ernesto Valadez-renteria Christian Perez-Carrasco Dulce Yolotzin Medina-Velazquez Vicente rodriguez-gonzalez Jorge Oliva CONACYT-División de Materiales Avanzados Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C.San Luis PotosíSLP 78216México División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana AzcapotzalcoCol.Reynosa-TamaulipasC.P.MéxicoDF 02200México

Metamizole(MZ)is a widely used anti-inflammatory *** to its common use,this contaminant is found in sewage and *** order to reduce the contamination produced by the MZ,we fabricated in this work a photocatalytic composite using recycled polyethylene(rPE)and the CaLaCoO_(9)(LCCO)*** nanoparticles had a microplate-like morphology and sizes of 1.4–5.5μm according to the analysis of *** photocatalytic properties of the LCCO powders were evaluated under ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)irradiation and found a removal efficiency of 96%.When the rPE+LCCO composite was employed for the photocatalytic degradation of MZ,a maximum degradation of 92.5%was *** influence of the pH on the photocatalytic activity was also studied and found that an initial pH=3 produced a total degradation of MZ after 240 min of UV-Vis ***,three reuse cycles were carried out for the pure LCCO powders and for the rPE+LCCO composites and found that the maximum loss of degradation was 5%.Furthermore,scavenger experiments demonstrated that the super oxide and hydroxyl radicals are formed during the photocatalytic reaction and were responsible for the degradation of ***,the X-ray photoelectron-spectroscopy and raman analysis demonstrated the formation of defects(oxygen vacancies),those ones delayed the electron-hole recombination,which in turn,enhanced the degradation of the ***,the studies performed in this work proved that composites made with recycled plastics and LCCO perovskites are a low-cost and feasible alternative for the cleaning of water sources polluted with pharmaceutical compounds.

关键词： Photocatalysis Metamizole Pharmaceutical contaminant UV-Vis irradiation Perovskite

Translating Pathological Brain Activity Primers in Parkinson’s Disease research

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research 2024年第1期2023卷 735-752页

作者： Daniela Mirzac Svenja L.Kreis Heiko J.Luhmann Gabriel gonzalez-Escamilla Sergiu Groppa Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation Department of NeurologyFocus Program Translational NeuroscienceRhine Main Neuroscience NetworkUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany Institute of Physiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany

Translational experimental approaches that help us better trace Parkinson’s disease(PD)pathophysiological mechanisms leading to new therapeutic targets are urgently *** this article,we review recent experimental and clinical studies addressing abnormal neuronal activity and pathological network oscillations,as well as their underlying mechanisms and *** aim is to enhance our knowledge about the progression of Parkinson's disease pathology and the timing of its symptom’s ***,we present mechanistic insights relevant for the generation of aberrant oscillatory activity within the cortico-basal ganglia *** summarize recent achievements extrapolated from available PD animal models,discuss their advantages and limitations,debate on their differential applicability,and suggest approaches for transferring knowledge on disease pathology into future research and clinical applications.

关键词： clinical knowledge insight