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rodent biology and ecologically based rodent management(EBrM)-25 years of progress through promoting multidisciplinary research

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Grant r. SINGLETON Lyn A. HINDS rhodes MAKUNDI Steven r. BELMAIN Natural resources Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIrO Health and Biosecurity Canberra ACT Australia African Centre of Excellence for Innovative rodent Pest Management and Biosensor Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“During rodent outbreak years in eastern Africa,lo-cally,more than 80%of the potential harvest may be lost,but even in non-outbreak periods,rodents cause chronic damage to crops….The pest rodent story in Africa in-volves several species embedded in a broad and variable landscape with highly variable densities.”(Leirs et al.2010).

关键词： damage crops

Basis for the diversity and extent in loss of digestible nutrients created by dietary phytin: Emphasis on fowl and swine

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 422-428页

作者： Edwin T. Moran Michael r. Bedford Poultry Science Department Auburn University AL 36830-5416 USA AB Vista Woodstock Court Blenheim Road Marlborough Wiltshire SN8 4AN UK

Phytin is the Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -K + salt of phytic acid that is created and deposited in the aleurone layer and/or germ of grains and legumes. Its high presence in feedstuffs for fowl and swine diets results in it being a universal and significant impediment to optimum performance. Phytin impairs gastrointestinal recovery of a wide array of nutrients, the effect varying with the nutrient concerned. On exposure to low pH during gastric digestion, phytin dissociates into phytic acid and solubilized Ca 2+ . Even at low gastric pH, phytic acid is negatively charged which forms the basis of its anti-nutritive behavior. Pepsinogen has extensive basic amino acids on its activation peptide that are presented as cations at low pH which are targeted by pepsin for activation. Partially crystalized Ca 2+ near the enzyme's active site further stabilizes its newly formed structure. Thus, phytic acid appears to interfere with gastric digestion by several mechanisms; interfering with pepsinogen activation by binding to the polypeptide's basic amino acids; coordinating free Ca 2+ , destabilizing pepsin; binding some dietary proteins directly, further compromising gastric proteolysis. Upon digesta attaining neutrality in the duodenum, Ca 2+ and other cations re-bind with accessible anions, phytic acid being a significant contender. Phytate not only binds free cations but can also strip them from enzymes (e.g. Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ ) which reduces their structural resistance to autolysis and ability as co-factors (e.g. Zn 2+ ) to increase enzyme activity. Goblet cells initially employ Ca 2+ as an electronic shield between mucin layers enabling granule formation and cell storage. After mucin granule release, Ca 2+ is progressively displaced by Na + to free the viscous mucins enabling its translocation. Mucin entangles with the glycocalyx of adjacent enterocytes thereby constructing the unstirred water layer (USWL). Excessive removal of Ca 2+ from mucin by phytic acid increases its fluidity facili

关键词： Digestive enzyme Calcium Endogenous protein Mucin Phytin

Structural changes in the obese brain

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2561-2562页

作者： Anna r.r.Da Conceicao Marcelo N.N.Vieira Fernanda G.De Felice D’Or Institute for research and Education Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo De Meis Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Centre for Neuroscience Studies Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences&Department of PsychiatryQueen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada

Obesity represents a major global health concern,with widespread growing prevalence and severe consequences for the quality of life and life expectancy of affected individuals and for the economic burden of healthcare systems(Prospective Studies Collaboration,2009).Obesity is a well-established risk factor for a variety of conditions including metabolic,vascula r,and heart diseases,and seve ral types of cancer(Prospective Studies Collaboration,2009).

关键词： diseases consequences prevalence

Electro-optic tuning in composite silicon photonics based on ferroionic 2D materials

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 852-864页

作者： Ghada Dushaq Solomon Serunjogi Srinivasa r.Tamalampudi Mahmoud rasras Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New York University Abu DhabiP.O.Box 129188Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates NYU Tandon School of Engineering New York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Tunable optical materials are indispensable elements in modern optoelectronics,especially in integrated photonics circuits where precise control over the effective refractive index is essential for diverse ***-dimensional materials like transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)and graphene exhibit remarkable optical responses to external ***,achieving distinctive modulation across short-wave infrared(SWIr)regions while enabling precise phase control at low signal loss within a compact footprint remains an ongoing *** this work,we unveil the robust electro-refractive response of multilayer ferroionic two-dimensional CuCrP2S6(CCPS)in the near-infrared wavelength *** integrating CCPS into silicon photonics(SiPh)microring resonators(Mrr),we enhance lightmatter interaction and measurement sensitivity to minute phase and absorption *** show that electrically driven Cu ions can tune the effective refractive index on the order of 2.8×10−3 rIU(refractive index unit)while preserving extinction ratios and resonance ***,these devices exhibit low optical losses and excellent modulation efficiency of 0.25 *** with a consistent blue shift in the resonance wavelengths among all devices for either polarity of the applied *** results outperform earlier findings on phase shifters based on ***,our study demonstrates distinct variations in electro-optic tuning sensitivity when comparing transverse electric(TE)and transverse magnetic(TM)modes,revealing a polarization-dependent response that paves the way for diverse applications in light *** combined optoelectronic and ionotronic capabilities of two-terminal CCPS devices present extensive opportunities across several *** potential applications range from phased arrays and optical switching to their use in environmental sensing and metrology,optical imaging systems,and neuromorphic systems in light-sensitive artificial synapses.

关键词： tuning polarization refractive

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SArS-COV-2)infection of pneumocytes with vaccination and drug therapy:Mathematical analysis and optimal control

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第2期17卷 299-334页

作者： r.Viriyapong P.Inkhao Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Naresuan University Phitsanulok65000Thailand

We propose a mathematical model studying a within-host infection dynamics of SArSCoV-2 in *** model incorporates immune response,vaccination and antiviral *** crucial properties of the model-the existence,positivity and boundary of solutions are *** points and the basic reproduction number are *** stability of each equilibrium point is *** control is applied to the model by adding three control variables:vaccination,treatment by Favipiravir and treatment by *** results show that each individual control could reduce SArS-CoV-2 infection in some aspects;however,with a combination of three controls,we obtain the best results in reducing SArS-CoV-2 *** study has emphasized the importance of prevention by vaccine and the antiviral treatments.

关键词： SArS-CoV-2 vaccination drug therapy immune response optimal control

Fuzzy and IrLNC-based routing approach to improve data storage and system reliability in IoT

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2024年第1期5卷 68-80页

作者： U.Indumathi A.r.Arunachalam the Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dr.M.G.R.Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600095India

Internet of Things(IoT)based sensor network is largely utilized in various field for transmitting huge amount of data due to their ease and cheaper *** performing this entire process,there is a high possibility for data corruption in the mid of *** the other hand,the network performance is also affected due to various *** address these issues,an efficient algorithm that jointly offers improved data storage and reliable routing is ***,after the deployment of sensor nodes,the election of the storage node is achieved based on a fuzzy expert *** random Linear Network Coding(IrLNC)is used to create an encoded *** encoded packet from the source and neighboring nodes is transmitted to the storage ***,to transmit the encoded packet from the storage node to the destination shortest path is found using the Destination Sequenced Distance Vector(DSDV)*** analysis of the proposed work is carried out by evaluating some of the statistical *** residual energy,packet delivery ratio,compression ratio and storage time achieved for the proposed work are 8.8%,0.92%,0.82%,and 69 *** on this analysis,it is revealed that better data storage system and system reliability is attained using this proposed work.

关键词： Internet of Things(IoT) data storage management fuzzy system improved random linear network coding energy utilization system reliability

Is GDNF to Parkinson’s disease what BDNF is to Huntington’s disease?

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第5期19卷 973-974页

作者： Francesca r.Fusco Emanuela Paldino Laboratory of Neuroanatomy Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS HospitalRomeItaly

Neurotrophic factors,or neurotrophins,are a group of molecules supporting the growth,survival,and differentiation of developing and mature *** their role in the survival of neurons,and often of specific subsets of bra... 详细信息

关键词： Huntington supporting degenerative

CoopAI-route: DrL Empowered Multi-Agent Cooperative System for Efficient QoS-Aware routing for Network Slicing in Multi-Domain SDN

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2449-2486页

作者： Meignanamoorthi Dhandapani V.Vetriselvi r.Aishwarya College of Engineering Guindy Anna UniversityChennai600025India

The emergence of beyond 5G networks has the potential for seamless and intelligent connectivity on a global *** slicing is crucial in delivering services for different,demanding vertical applications in this ***-generation applications have time-sensitive requirements and depend on the most efficient routing path to ensure packets reach their intended ***,the existing IP(Internet Protocol)over a multi-domain network faces challenges in enforcing network slicing due to minimal collaboration and information sharing among network *** inter-domain routing methods,like Border Gateway Protocol(BGP),cannot make routing decisions based on performance,which frequently results in traffic flowing across congested paths that are never *** address these issues,we propose CoopAI-route,a multi-agent cooperative deep reinforcement learning(DrL)system utilizing hierarchical software-defined networks(SDN).This framework enforces network slicing in multi-domain networks and cooperative communication with various administrators to find performance-based routes in intra-and ***-route employs the Distributed Global Topology(DGT)algorithm to define inter-domain Quality of Service(QoS)***-route uses a DrL agent with a message-passing multi-agent Twin-Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient method to ensure optimal end-to-end routes adapted to the specific requirements of network slicing *** evaluation demonstrates CoopAI-route’s commendable performance in scalability,link failure handling,and adaptability to evolving topologies compared to state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： 6G multi-domain multi-agent routing DrL SDN

SANC Monte Carlo programs for small-angle Bhabha scattering

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 14-19页

作者： A.B.Arbuzov S.G.Bondarenko I.r.Boyko L.V.Kalinovskaya A.A.Kampf r.r.Sadykov V.L.Yermolchyk Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics JINRDubna141980 Russia Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems JINRDubna141980 Russia Dubna State University Dubna141982 Russia

Luminosity monitoring at e^(+)e^(−)colliders was investigated using SANC Monte Carlo event generator reneSANCe and integrator MCSANC for simulation of Bhabha scattering at low *** are presented for center-of-mass energies of the Z boson resonance and at 240 GeV for the conditions of typical luminosity *** is shown that bremsstrahlung events with extremely low electron scattering angles are relevant to match the precision tags of future electron-positron colliders.

关键词： luminosity Bhabha scattering QED Monte Carlo simulation