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Do vegetative and reproductive phenophases of deciduous tropical species respond similarly to rainfall pulses?

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Journal of forestry research 2013年第4期24卷 643-651页

作者： A.P.Silveira f.S.Araújo f.r.martins Itapipoca faculty of Education Av.Monsenhor Tabosa s/ no.Ceará State University -- UECE Graduate Course of Ecology and Natural resources Department of BiologyBuilding 906Federal University of Ceará-UFC Department of Plant Biology Institute of BiologyP.O.Box 610University of Campinas – UNICAMP

Deciduous trees with high-density wood that occur in dry seasonal tropical regions respond to rainfall seasonality with synchrony in phenophases. However, they may exhibit interannual differences in synchrony and intensity of phenophases, as strategy for large variations in duration and intensity of rainfall pulses. Nevertheless, it remains unknown how phenophases of deciduous trees of the Brazilian semi-arid region respond to rainfall variations. The phenology of Cordia oncocalyx was monitored in deciduous thorny woodland （Caatinga）, from April 2009 to March 2011, and was correlated with rainfall, soil humidity, temperature, and photoperiod. The rainy years 2009 and 2011 exhibited higher duration of rainfall pulses and lower frequency of interpulses, but in 2010 pulse duration and total rainfall were lower. Circular statistics showed leaf flush followed by flowering and fruiting in the rainy season, and leaf fall and seed dispersal in the dry season.

关键词： asynchrony circular analysis deciduous phenology riskspreading seasonality.

Strategies for fermentable Sugar Production by Using Pressurized Acid Hydrolysis for rice Husks

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rice science 2019年第5期26卷 319-330页

作者： Giovanni B.PEDrOSO Michael r.PHILIPPSEN Loisleini f.SALDANHA raiara B.ArAUJO Ayrton f.martins Chemistry Department Federal University of Santa Maria

This study investigated the use of leftover biomass(rice husks)as the raw material for the biotechnological production of platform chemicals and *** the biorefinery concept,different acid hydrolysates were studied and resulted into a wide range of treatment *** were applied throughout the procedures in multivariate experimental *** using the best hydrolytic conditions of 6.0%H3PO4,135oC(45 MPa)and reaction time of 62 min,21.0 g/L sugar hydrolysates were produced;by using the best hydrolytic condition of 4.5%HNO3,135oC/35 min,16.1 g/L sugar hydrolysates were produced;and with the hydrolysates use of 1.5%H2SO4 and 1.5%HCl,135oC/62 min,18.2 and 17.8 g/L sugar hydrolysates were produced,*** highest productivity,in terms of fermentable sugars,reached 68%of integral cellulose/hemicellulose fraction and surpassed those found in the literature,with regard to the processing of rice husks,by considering just one step *** hydrolysate,detoxified with active carbon,was used to prove this proposal viability,resulting in a fermentation substrate for ***(ATCC10020)and ***(LMG196)strains(natural producers of bioproducts),which certified the feasibility of the *** production of fermentable sugars from leftover biomass should encourage a search for new bioconversion routes,which can result in economic and environmental benefits and a spread of knowledge.

关键词： biorefinery multivariate design pressurized acid hydrolysis rice husk sugar

fracture Loci in Sheet Metal forming: A review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第12期28卷 1415-1425页

作者： M.Beatriz Silva Kerim Isik A.Erman Tekkaya Paulo A.f.martins IDMEC Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Institute of forming Technology and Lightweight Construction Technical University of Dortmund

fracture in sheet metal forming usually occurs as ductile fracture, rarely as brittle fracture, at the operating temperatures and rates of loading that are typical of real processes in two different modes：（1） tensile and（2） in-plane shear（respectively, the same as modes I and II of fracture mechanics）. The circumstances under which each mode will occur are identified in terms of plastic flow and ductile damage by means of an analytical approach to characterize fracture loci under plane stress conditions that takes anisotropy into consideration. fracture loci was characterized by means of the fracture forming limit line and by the shear fracture forming limit line in the fracture forming limit diagram. Experiments were performed with single point incremental forming and double-notched test specimens loaded in tension, torsion and in-plane shear give support to the presentation and allow determining the fracture loci of AA1050-H111 aluminium sheets with1 mm thickness. The relation between fracture toughness and the fracture forming limits was also investigated by comparing experimental values of the strains at fracture obtained from a truncated conical part produced by single point incremental forming and from double-notched test specimens loaded in tension.

关键词： Sheet forming fracture fracture forming limit diagram

Time-expanded phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第3期10卷 443-454页

作者： Miguel Soriano-Amat Hugo f.martins Vicente Duran Luis Costa Sonia Martin-Lopez Miguel Gonzalez-Herraez Maria r.fernandez-ruiz Departamento de Electronica Universidad de AlcalaEscuela Politecnica Superior28805 MadridSpain Instituto deóptica"Daza de Valdes" IO-CSICC/Serrano 12128006 MadridSpain GrOC-UJI Institute of New Imaging TechnologiesUniversity Jaume112071 CastellonSpain

Phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry(CDOTDr)is a well-established technique that provides spatiotemporal measurements of an environmental variable in real *** unique capability is being leveraged in an everincreasing number of applications,from energy transportation or civil security to *** date,a wide number of different approaches have been implemented,providing a plethora of options in terms of performance(resolution,acquisition bandwidth,sensitivity or range).However,to achieve high spatial resolutions,detection bandwidths in the GHz range are typically required,substantially increasing the system cost and ***,we present a novel OOTDr approach that allows a customized time expansion of the received optical ***,the presented technique reaches cm-scale spatial resolutions over t km while requiring a remarkably low detection bandwidth in the MHz *** approach relies on the use of dual-comb spectrometry to interrogate the fibre and sample the backscattered *** phase-spectral coding is applied to the employed combs to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio of the sensing scheme.A comparison of the proposed method with alternative approaches aimed at similar operation features is provided,along with a thorough analysis of the new *** results demonstrate a radically novel high-resolution OOTDr scheme,which could promote new applications in metrology,borehole monitoring or aerospace.

关键词： optical phase expanded

NK cell dysfunction in severe COVID-19:TGf-β-induced downregulation of integrin beta-2 restricts NK cell cytotoxicity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第2期7卷 346-348页

作者： Joana Barros-martins reinhold förster Berislav Bošnjak Institute of Immunology Hannover Medical School30625 HannoverGermany Cluster of Excellence rESIST(EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School30625 HannoverGermany German Centre for Infection research(DZIf) Partner site HannoverHannoverGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,Witkowski et *** that in patients with severe forms of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)deranged tumor growth factor-beta(TGf-β)secretion counteracts interferon-alpha(IfN-α)-induced activation of NK cells by decreasing expression of transcription factor ***,NK cells fail to upregulate the adhesion molecule integrin beta-2(-ß2),which impedes their attachment to and killing of SArS-CoV-2 infected cells.

关键词： interferon cytotoxicity

Islet amyloid polypeptide & amyloid beta peptide roles in Alzheimer’s disease:two triggers, one disease

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Neural regeneration research 2021年第6期16卷 1127-1130页

作者： Sofia ferreira Ana f.raimundo regina Menezes Ivo C.martins iBET-Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica OeirasPortugal CEDOC-Chronic Diseases research Center Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal ITQB-NOVA Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal Instituto de Medicina Molecular Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions *** to population ageing,the incidence of AD is *** patients develop cognitive decline and dementia,features for which is known,requiring permanent *** poses a major socio-economic burden on healthcare systems as AD patients’relatives and healthcare workers are forced to cope with rising numbers of affected *** recent advances,AD pathological mechanisms are not fully ***,it is clear that the amyloid beta(Aβ)peptide,which forms amyloid plaques in AD patients’brains,plays a key *** 2 diabetes,the most common form of diabetes,affects hundreds of million people *** amyloid polypeptide(IAPP)is a hormone coproduced and secreted with insulin in pancreatic β-cells,with a key role in diabetes,as it helps regulate glucose levels and control adiposity and *** to Aβ,IAPP is very amyloidogenic,generating intracellular amyloid deposits that causeβ-cell dysfunction and *** is now clear that IAPP can also have a pathological role in AD,decreasing cognitive *** harms the blood-brain barrier,directly interacts and co-deposits with Aβ,promoting diabetes-associated *** can cause a metabolic dysfunction in the brain,leading to other diabetes-related forms of ***,here we discuss IAPP association with diabetes,Aβand dementia,in the context of what we designate a“diabetes brain phenotype”AD *** approach helps to set a conceptual framework for future IAPP-based drugs against AD.

关键词： aggregation Alzheimer amylin amyloid diabetes islet amyloid polypeptide

Accuracy details in realistic CfD modeling of an industrial centrifugal pump in direct and reverse modes

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第6期19卷 491-499页

作者： J.C. Páscoa f. J. Silva J.S. Pinheiro D.J. martins Department of Electromechanical Engineering Center for Aerospace Sciences and Technology University of Beira Interior EfAfLU Bombas e Ventiladores S.A. R. S. Brás 269 Apartado 23 4494-909 Póvoa do Varzim Portugal

Numerical computation of the flowfield inside a pump is herein used as a numerical laboratory, subject to the limitations of modeling assumptions and to experimental verification. A numerical computation of the flow inside a real industrial centrifugal pump is performed that includes a very sophisticated geometry. Conversely to other computations, in this test case no simplification of the geometry was introduced. Numerical computations are obtained using Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. A detailed analysis of the turbulent flowstructure is performed for the design point and two off design conditions. Additional computations were performed in order to compare the numerical and experimental pump characteristics; these were obtained under normalized testing conditions. further computations are presented for the pump working in reverse turbine mode (PAT). Detailed analyses of the flow allow a comparison of the internal flow losses when the pump is operating in direct and reverse mode. This is also useful to help in the selection of an adequate pump geometry that can work in both modes with best efficiency.

关键词： centrifugal pump impeller turbulence modeling Spalart-Allmaras PAT

Architecting fault Tolerance with Exception Handling: Verification and Validation

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第2期24卷 212-237页

作者： Patrick H. S. Brito rogério de Lemos Cecília M. f. rubira Eliane martins Institute of Computing State University of Campinas Brazil Computing Laboratory University of Kent U.K.

When building dependable systems by integrating untrusted software components that were not originally designed to interact with each other, it is likely the occurrence of architectural mismatches related to assumptions in their failure behaviour. These mismatches, if not prevented during system design, have to be tolerated during runtime. This paper presents an architectural abstraction based on exception handling for structuring fault-tolerant software systems. This abstraction comprises several components and connectors that promote an existing untrusted software element into an idealised fault-tolerant architectural element. Moreover, it is considered in the context of a rigorous software development approach based on formal methods for representing the structure and behaviour of the software architecture. The proposed approach relies on a formal specification and verification for analysing exception propagation, and verifying important dependability properties, such as deadlock freedom, and scenarios of architectural reconfiguration. The formal models are automatically generated using model transformation from UML diagrams： component diagram representing the system structure, and sequence diagrams representing the system behaviour. finally, the formal models are also used for generating unit and integration test cases that are used for assessing the correctness of the source code. The feasibility of the proposed architectural approach was evaluated on an embedded critical case study.

关键词： exception handling fault-tolerant software architecture model-based test model checking software verification and validation

Biotechnology of the multipurpose tree species Arbutus unedo:a review

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Journal of forestry research 2022年第2期33卷 377-390页

作者： João martins Glória Pinto Jorge Canhoto Centre for functional Ecology Department of Life SciencesUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies Department of BiologyUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal

Arbutus unedo L.(strawberry tree,Ericaceae)is a woody species with a circum-Mediterranean *** has considerable ecological relevance in southern European forests due to its resilience to abiotic and biotic *** edible red berries are used in the production of traditional products,including an expensive *** compounds extracted from the species have bioactive prop-erties used by the cosmetic and pharmaceutical *** strawberry tree has gone from a neglected species to become a highly valuable crop with large cultivated areas in southern European and North African *** to an increasing demand from farmers for plants with improved features,researchers have been trying to improve this spe-cies through conventional and biotechnological tools,focus-ing mainly on population analysis using molecular markers,in vitro cloning,tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,and intraspecific crosses to obtain genotypes with new *** objective of this review is to gather and update information about the species and make it available to researchers and *** research areas that are considered a priority for this species are highlighted.

关键词： Breeding Chemical profiling Ericaceae Microbiome Micropropagation