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Deciphering fluid inclusions in high-grade rocks

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 683-695页

作者： Alfons van den Kerkhof Andreas Kronz Klaus Simon Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum der Universitat Gottingen Goldschmidtstr.1-3 D 37073 GottingenGermany

The study of fluid inclusions in high-grade rocks is especially challenging as the host minerals have been normally subjected to deformation, recrystallization and fluid-rock interaction so that primary in- clusions, formed at the peak of metamorphism are rare. The larger part of the fluid inclusions found in metamorphic minerals is typically modified during uplift. These late processes may strongly disguise the characteristics of the ＂original＂ peak metamorphic fluid. A detailed microstructural analysis of the host minerals, notably quartz, is therefore indispensable for a proper interpretation of fluid inclusions. Cathodoluminescence （CL） techniques combined with trace element analysis of quartz （EPMA, LA- [CPMS） have shown to be very helpful in deciphering the rock-fluid evolution. Whereas high-grade metamorphic quartz may have relatively high contents of trace elements like Ti and A1, low- temperature re-equilibrated quartz typically shows reduced trace element concentrations. The result- ing microstructures in CL can be basically distinguished in diffusion patterns （along microfractures and grain boundaries）, and secondary quartz formed by dissolution-reprecipitation. Most of these textures are formed during retrograde fluid-controlled processes between ca. 220 and 500 ℃, i.e. the range of semi-brittle deformation （greenschist-facies） and can be correlated with the fluid inclusions. In this way modified and re-trapped fluids can be identified, even when there are no optical features observed under the microscope.

关键词： Fluid inclusionsGranuliteCharnockiteCathodoluminescenceLA-ICPMSQuartz

Quantitative resistance against Bemisia tabaci in Solanum pennellii:Genetics and metabolomics

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第4期58卷 397-412页

作者： Floor van den Oever-van den Elsen Alejandro F.Lucatti Sjaak van Heusden Colette Broekgaarden roland Mumm Marcel Dicke Ben Vosman Wageningen Ur Plant Breeding Wageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 3866700AJWageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 166700AAWageningenThe Netherlands Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Plant research International Business Unit BioscienceWageningen University and Research CentreP.O.Box 166700AA WageningenThe Netherlands

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a serious threat in tomato cultivation worldwide as all varieties grown today are highly susceptible to this devastating herbivorous *** accessions of the tomato wild relative Solanum pennellii show a high resistance towards B. tabaci. A mapping approach was used to elucidate the genetic background of whiteflyresistance related traits and associated biochemical traits in this species. Minor quantitative trait loci（QTLs） for whitefly adult survival（AS） and oviposition rate（Or） were identified and some were confirmed in an F2BC1 population, where they showed increased percentages of explained variance（more than 30%）. Bulked segregant analyses on pools of whiteflyresistant and-susceptible F2 plants enabled the identification of metabolites that correlate either with resistance or susceptibility. Genetic mapping of these metabolites showed that a large number of them co-localize with whiteflyresistance QTLs. Some of these whitefly-resistance QTLs are hotspots for metabolite QTLs. Although a large number of metabolite QTLs correlated to whitefly resistance or susceptibility, most of them are yet unknown compounds and further studies are needed to identify the metabolic pathways and genes involved. The results indicate a direct genetic correlation between biochemical-based resistance characteristics and reduced whitefly incidence in S. pennellii.

关键词： Genetic linkage map life-history metabolic fingerprinting parameters tomato whitefly

Multi-threaded compression of Earth observation time-series data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第12期10卷 1214-1230页

作者： D.Swanepoel F.van den Bergh remote Sensing research Unit Meraka InstituteCSIRPretoriaSouth Africa

Earth observation data are typically compressed using general-purpose single-threaded compression algorithms that operate at a fraction of the bandwidth of modern storage and processing *** present evidence that recently developed multi-threaded compression codecs offer substantial benefits over widely used single-threaded codecs in terms of compression efficiency when applied to a selection of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)datasets stored in the HDF5 *** codecs from the LZ77 and rice families are shown to vary in efficacy when applied to different MODIS data products,highlighting the need for compression strategies to be tailored to different classes of *** also introduce LPC-rice,a new multi-threaded codec,that performs particularly well when applied to time-series data.

关键词： Data compression multithreading time-series HDF HDF5 MODIS

Decision support model for effects estimation and proportionality assessment for targeting in cyber operations

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第2期17卷 352-374页

作者： C.Maathuis W.Pieters J.van den Berg Delft University of Technology Jaffalaan 52628 BXDelftNetherlands TNO Military Operations Oude Waaldorperweg 632597 AKDen HaagNetherlands Netherlands Defense Academy De la Reyweg 1204818 BBBredaNetherlands Open University of the Netherlands Valkenburgerweg 1776419 ATHeerlenNetherlands

Cyber operations are relatively a new phenomenon of the last two *** that period,they have increased in number,complexity,and agility,while their design and development have been processes well kept under *** a consequence,limited data(sets)regarding these incidents are *** various academic and practitioner public communities addressed some of the key points and dilemmas that surround cyber operations(such as attack,target identification and selection,and collateral damage),still methodologies and models are needed in order to plan,execute,and assess them in a responsibly and legally compliant *** on these facts,it is the aim of this article to propose a model that i))estimates and classifies the effects of cyber operations,and ii)assesses proportionality in order to support targeting decisions in cyber *** order to do that,a multi-layered fuzzy model was designed and implemented by analysing real and virtual realistic cyber operations combined with interviews and focus groups with technical e military *** proposed model was evaluated on two cyber operations use cases in a focus group with four technical e military *** the design and the results of the evaluation are revealed in this article.

关键词： Cyber operations Cyber warfare Cyber weapons Artificial intelligence Fuzzy logic Targeting

Pharmacologic rNA splicing modulation: a novel mechanism to enhance neoantigen-directed anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy response

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第11期6卷 3167-3168页

作者： Kerryn Elliott Jonas Nilsson Jimmy van den Eynden Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology Institute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Sahlgrenska Cancer Center Department of SurgeryInstitute of Clinical SciencesUniversity of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden Harry Perkins Institute of Medical research University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Department of Human Structure and repair Anatomy and Embryology UnitGhent UniversityGhentBelgium

A recent study by Lu et al.1 suggests a novel approach to increasing responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. ICB is a promising form of cancer immunotherapy that aims to boost the anti-tumoral immune response. This response is primarily driven by the presentation of different types of antigens at the cancer cell membrane via the type I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I). Neoantigens are tumor-specific antigens that are small (mostly 9-mers) mutated peptides that generally result from somatic mutations. High tumor mutational burden, which results in the formation of many neoantigens, is currently one of the main biomarkers for ICB response prediction. Because ICB is only effective in a minority of patients, new therapeutic strategies are required to augment this response.

关键词： immunity immunotherapy mostly

Combining two-photon lithography with laser ablation of sacrificial layers:A route to isolated 3D magnetic nanostructures

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Nano research 2023年第1期16卷 1441-1447页

作者： Arjen van den Berg Mylène Caruel Matthew Hunt Sam Ladak School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK Institut National des Sciences Appliquées(INSA)of Toulouse 35 Avenue de Rangueil31400 ToulouseFrance

Three-dimensional(3D)nanostructured functional materials are important systems allowing new means for intricate control of electromagnetic properties.A key problem is realising a 3D printing methodology on the nanoscale that can yield a range of functional *** this article,it is shown that two-photon lithography,when combined with laser ablation of sacrificial layers,can be used to realise such a vision and produce 3D functional nanomaterials of complex ***-of-principle is first shown by fabricating planar magnetic nanowires raised above the substrate that exhibit controlled domain wall injection and ***,3D artificial spin-ice(3DASI)structures are fabricated,whose complex switching can be probed using optical *** show that by careful analysis of the magneto-optical Kerr effect signal and by comparison with micromagnetic simulations,depth dependent switching information can be obtained from the 3DASI *** work paves the way for new materials,which exploit additional physics provided by non-trivial 3D geometries.

关键词： three-dimensional(3D)nanomagnetism 3D lithography 3D artificial spin ice sacrificial layers magneto-optical Kerr effect

review on modelling of corrosion under droplet electrolyte for predicting atmospheric corrosion rate

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第3期62卷 254-267页

作者： Bangalore Gangadharacharya Koushik Nils van den Steen Mesﬁn Haile Mamme Yves van Ingelgem Herman Terryn Vrije Universiteit Brussel Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering(SURF)Pleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium Vrije Universiteit Brussel Eenheid Algemene Chemie(ALGC)Pleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium

Atmospheric corrosion of metals is the most common type of corrosion which has a significant impact on the environment and operational safety in various situations of everyday *** of the common examples can be observed in land,water and air transportation systems,electronic circuit boards,urban and offshore *** dew drops formed on metal surface due to condensation of atmospheric moisture facilitates corrosion as an *** corrosion mechanisms under these droplets are different from classically known bulk electrolyte *** to thin and non-uniform geometric thickness of the droplet electrolyte,the atmospheric oxygen requires a shorter diffusion path to reach the metal *** corrosion under a droplet is driven by the depletion of oxygen in the center of the droplet compared to the edge,known as differential *** case of a larger droplet,differential aeration leads to preferential cathodic activity at the edge and is controlled by the droplet ***,for a smaller droplet,the oxygen concentration remains uniform and hence cathodic activity is not controlled by droplet *** geometry of condensed droplets varies dynamically with changing environmental parameters,influencing corrosion mechanisms as the droplets evolve in *** this review,various modelling approaches used to simulate the corrosion under droplet electrolytes are *** the efforts of developing a comprehensive model to estimate corrosion rates,it has been noted from this review that the influence of geometric evolution of the droplet due to condensation/evaporation processes on corrosion mechanisms are yet to be *** varying external factors like environmental temperature,relative humidity,presence of hygroscopic salts and pollutants influence the evolution of droplet electrolyte,making it a complex phenomenon to ***,an overview of available dropwise condensation and evaporation models which descri

关键词： Atmospheric corrosion Water droplets Mathematical modelling Condensation Evaporation

SEPrAN: A Versatile Finite-Element Package for a Wide Variety of Problems in Geosciences

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第1期26卷 89-95页

作者： Arie van den Berg Guus Segal David A.Yuen Department of Theoretical Geophysics Institute of Earth SciencesUtrecht University3508 TC UtrechtThe Netherlands Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer ScienceTU DelftThe Netherlands Department of Earth Sciences and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences

Numerical modelling of geological processes, such as mantle convection, flow in porous media, and geothermal heat transfer, has become quite common with the increase in computing and the availability of usable software. Today modelling these dynamical processes entails the solving of the governing equations involving the mass, momentum, energy and chemical transport. These equations represent partial differential equations and must be solved on powerful enough computers because they require sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to be useful. We describe here the salient and outstanding features of the SEPrAN software package, developed in the Netherlands, as a case study for a robust and user-friendly soft- ware, which the geological community can utilize in handling many thermal-mechanical-chemical problems found in geology, which will include geothermal situations, where many types of partial differential equations must be solved at the same time with thermodynamical input parameters.

关键词： SEPrAN finite element package geodynamic and planetary modelling geothermal groundwater flow.

Interleukin-6 secretion is limited by self-signaling in endosomes

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第2期11卷 144-157页

作者： Danielle r.J.Verboogen Natalia H.revelo Martin ter Beest Geert van den Bogaart Departme nt of Tumor Immuno logy Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Radboud University Medical Center 6525 GA Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Molecular Immunology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands

Cells producing cytokines often express the receptor for the same cytokine, which makes them prone to autocrine signaling. How cytokine release and signaling are regulated in the same cell is not understood? In this study, we demonstrate that signaling by exogenous and self-synthesized inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) within endosomal compartments acts as a cellular brake that limits the synthesis of IL-6. Our data show that IL-6 is internalized by dendritic cells and signals from endosomal compartments containing the IL-6 receptor. Newly synthesized IL-6 also traffics via these endosomal compartments and signals in transit to the plasma membrane. This allows activation of STAT3 which in turn limits toll-like receptor 4 stimulant lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggered transcription of IL-6. Long-term exposure to LPS removes this brake via inhibition of STAT3 by increased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and results in fully fledged IL-6 production. This transient regulation could prevent excessive IL-6 production during early infections.

关键词： membrane trafficking cytokine release exocytosis interleukin-6 endosomal signaling