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r.habilitation of er.ctile function following r.dical pr.statectomy

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Asian Jour.al of Andr.logy 2008年第1期10卷 61-74页

作者： andrew r. McCullough Depar.ment of Ur.logy New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016 USA

The concept of muscle r.habilitation after.ner.e injur. is not a novel idea and is pr.cticed in many br.nches of medicine, including ur.logy. Bladder.r.habilitation after.spinal cor. injur. is univer.ally pr.cticed. The er.ctile dysfunction （ED） exper.enced after.r.dical pr.statectomy （r.） is incr.asingly r.cognized as being pr.mar.ly neur.genic followed by secondar. penile smooth muscle （SM） changes. Ther. is unfor.unately no standar. appr.ach to penile r.habilitation after.r. because contr.lled pr.spective human studies ar. not available. This ar.icle r.views the epidemiology, exper.mental pathophysiological models, r.tionale for.penile r.habilitation, and cur.ently published r.habilitation str.tegies.

关键词： er.ctile dysfunction penile r.habilitation r.dical pr.statectomy

Putting it all together. intr.nsic and extr.nsic mechanisms gover.ing pr.teasome biogenesis

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Fr.ntier. in Biology 2017年第1期12卷 19-48页

作者： Laur.n A. Howell r.ber. J. Tomko Jr. andrew r. Kusmier.zyk Depar.ment of Biomedical Sciences Florida State University College of Medicine Tallahassee FL 32306 USA Depar.ment of Biology Indiana University-Purdue Universi~ Indianapolis Indianapolis IN 46202 USA

BACKGr.UND： The 26S pr.teasome is at the hear. of the ubiquitin-pr.teasome system, which is the key cellular.pathway for.the r.gulated degr.dation of pr.teins and enfor.ement of pr.tein quality contr.l. The 26S pr.teasome is an unusually lar.e and complicated pr.tease compr.sing a 28-subunit cor. par.icle （CP） capped by one or.two 19-subunit r.gulator. par.icles （r.）. Multiple activities within the r. pr.cess incoming ubiquitinated substr.tes for.eventual degr.dation by the bar.el-shaped CE The lar.e size and elabor.te ar.hitectur. of the pr.teasome have made it an exceptional model for.under.tanding mechanistic themes in macr.molecular.assembly. OBJECTIVE： In the pr.sent wor., we highlight the most r.cent mechanistic insights into pr.teasome assembly, with par.icular.emphasis on intr.nsic and extr.nsic factor. r.gulating pr.teasome biogenesis. We also descr.be new and exciting questions ar.sing about how pr.teasome assembly is r.gulated and der.gulated in nor.al and diseased cells. METHODS： A compr.hensive liter.tur. sear.h using the PubMed sear.h engine was per.or.ed, and key findings yielding mechanistic insight into pr.teasome assembly wer. included in this r.view. r.SULTS： Key r.cent studies have r.vealed that pr.teasome biogenesis is dependent upon intr.nsic featur.s of the subunits themselves as well as extr.nsic factor., many of which function as dedicated chaper.nes. CONCLUSION： Cells r.ly on a diver.e set of mechanistic str.tegies to ensur. the r.pid, efficient, and faithful assembly of pr.teasomes fr.m their.cognate subunits. Impor.antly, physiological as well as pathological changes to pr.teasome assembly ar. emer.ing as exciting par.digms to alter.pr.tein degr.dation in vivo.

关键词： pr.teasome assembly assembly chaper.nes ubiquitin-pr.teasome system pr.teolysis macr.molecular.complex

Genome-wide association studies of lactation yields of milk, fat, pr.tein and somatic cell scor. in New Zealand dair. goats

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Jour.al of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 937-949页

作者： Megan Scholtens andrew Jiang Ashley Smith Mathew Littlejohn Klaus Lehner. russell Snell Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos Dor.an Gar.ick Hugh Blair AL r.e Centr. for.Genetics and Br.eding School of AgricultureMassey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand Applied Tr.nslational Genetics Gr.up School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand r.sear.h and Development Livestock Improvement CorporationRuakura RoadHamiltonNew Zealand.

Backgr.und: Identifying associations between genetic mar.er. and tr.its of economic impor.ance will pr.vide pr.ctical benefits for.the dair. goat industr., enabling genomic pr.diction of the br.eding value of individuals, and facilitating discover. of the under.ying genes and mutations. Genome-wide association studies wer. implemented to detect genetic r.gions that ar. significantly associated with effects on lactation yields of milk(MY), fat(FY),pr.tein(PY) and somatic cell scor.(SCS) in New Zealand dair. ***: A total of 4,840 goats wer. genotyped with the Capr.ne 50 K SNP chip(Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA).After.quality filter.ng, 3,732 animals and 41,989 SNPs wer. analysed assuming an additive linear.model. Four.GWAS models wer. per.or.ed, a single-SNP additive linear.model and thr.e multi-SNP Bayes C models. For.the single-SNP GWAS, SNPs wer. fitted individually as fixed covar.ates, while the Bayes C models fit all SNPs simultaneously as r.ndom effects. A cluster.of significant SNPs wer. used to define a haplotype block whose alleles wer. fitted as covar.ates in a Bayesian model. The cor.esponding diplotypes of the haplotype block wer. then fit as class var.ables in another.Bayesian ***: Acr.ss all four.tr.its, a total of 43 genome-wide significant SNPs wer. detected fr.m the SNP GWAS. At a genome-wide significance level, the single-SNP analysis identified a cluster.of var.ants on chr.mosome 19 associated with MY, FY, PY, and another.cluster.on chr.mosome 29 associated with SCS. Significant SNPs mapped in intr.ns of candidate genes(45%), in inter.enic r.gions(36%), wer. 0–5 kb upstr.am or.downstr.am of the closest gene(14%) or.wer. synonymous substitutions(5%). The most significant genomic window was located on chr.mosome 19 explaining up to 9.6% of the phenotypic var.ation for.MY, 8.1% for.FY, 9.1% for.PY and 1% for.***: The quantitative tr.it loci for.yield tr.its on chr.mosome 19 confir.s r.por.ed findings in other.dair. goat p

关键词： Dair. goat GWAS Milk pr.duction New Zealand QTL

Influence of food availability,plant pr.ductivity,and indigenous for.st use on r.nging behavior.of the endanger.d samango monkey(Cer.opithecus albogular.s schwar.i),in the Soutpansber. Mountains,South Afr.ca

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Integr.tive Zoology 2020年第5期15卷 385-400页

作者： Edwin J.PAr.Er.russell A.HIL andrew T.L.ALLAN Car.line HOWLETT Nicola F.KOYAMA School of Natur.l Sciences and Psychology Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK Pr.mate and Pr.dator.Pr.ject Lajuma Research CentreLouis TrichardtSouth Africa Depar.ment of Anthr.pology Durham UniversityDurhamUK Depar.ment of Zoology University of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa School of Anthr.pology and Conser.ation University of KentKentUK

Under.tanding the deter.inants of r.nging patter.s in species susceptible to habitat fr.gmentation is fundamental for.assessing their.long-ter. adaptability to an incr.asingly human-dominated *** aim of this study was to deter.ine and compar. the influence of gr.und-based food availability,r.motely sensed plant pr.ductivity,and indigenous for.st use on the r.nging patter.s of the endanger.d samango monkey(Cer.opithecus albogular.s schwar.i).We collected monthly r.nging data on two habituated samango monkey gr.ups,fr.m Febr.ar. 2012 to December.2016,fr.m our.field site in the Soutpansber. Mountains,South *** used linear.mixed models to explor. how food availability,plant pr.ductivity,and indigenous for.st use influenced monthly r.nging patter.s,while contr.lling for.gr.up size,number.of sample days and day *** found that as mor. ar.as of high plant pr.ductivity(der.ved fr.m r.motely sensed EVI)wer. incor.or.ted into the r.nging ar.a,both total and cor. monthly r.nging ar.as *** addition,both total r.nging ar.a and mean monthly daily path length decr.ased as mor. indigenous for.st was incor.or.ted into the r.nging ***,we found no effect of either.gr.und-based food availability or.r.motely sensed plant pr.ductivity on r.nging *** findings demonstr.te the behavior.l flexibility in samango monkey r.nging,as samangos can utilize matr.x habitat dur.ng per.ods of low pr.ductivity but ar. ultimately dependent on access to indigenous for.st *** addition,we highlight the potential of using r.motely sensed ar.as of high plant pr.ductivity to pr.dict r.nging patter.s in a small r.nging,for.st-dwelling guenon,over.gr.und-based estimates of food availability.

关键词： food availability for.st use plant pr.ductivity r.nging patter.s r.mote sensing samango monkey

Solvent-fr.e micr.wave-assisted synthesis of tenor.te nanopar.icle-decor.ted multi-walled car.on nanotubes

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Jour.al of Mater.als Science & Technology 2019年第6期35卷 1121-1127页

作者： Jennifer.A. r.dd Cathr.n E. Gowenlock Vir.inia Gomez Ewa Kazimier.ka Abdullah M. Al-Enizi Enr.co Andr.oli andrew r. Bar.on Ener.y Safety r.sear.h Institute Swansea University Bay Campus Swansea SA1 8EN UK Chemistr. Depar.ment College of Sciences KingSaud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Depar.ment of Chemistr. Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Depar.ment of Mater.als Science and Nanoengineer.ng Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA

Copper.decor.ted car.on nanotubes(CNTs) have impor.ant applications as pr.cur.or. for.ultr.conductive copper.wir.s. Tenor.te-decor.ted CNTs(CuO-CNTs) ar. ideal candidates and ar. cur.ently developed using labor.ous pr.cesses. For.this r.ason, we have developed a facile and scalable method for.the synthesis of CuO-CNTs fr.m copper.acetate. It was found that the optimal loading of copper.acetate onto the CNTs was 23.1 wt% and that thr.e 1-minute micr.wave tr.atments wer. sufficient for.the decomposition of copper.acetate to copper.oxide. The loading of copper.oxide onto the nanotubes was confir.ed using X-r.y photoelectr.n spectr.scopy, ener.y-disper.ive X-r.y spectr.scopy and ther.ogr.vimetr.c analysis. The mater.als wer. char.cter.sed using X-r.y diffr.ction and scanning electr.n micr.scopy.

关键词： Micr.wave-assisted synthesis Multi-walled car.on nanotubes Tenor.te Nanopar.icle

The Status of the “Biopsychosocial” Model in Health Psychology: Towar.s an Integr.ted Appr.ach and a Cr.tique of Cultur.l Conceptions

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Open Jour.al of Medical Psychology 2012年第4期1卷 51-62页

作者： andrew r. Hatala Depar.ment of Psychology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada

The cur.ent status of the “Biopsychosocial” Model in health psychology is contested and ar.uably exists in a stage of infancy. Despite or.ginal goals, medical r.sear.her. have developed theor.tical and empir.cal integr.tions acr.ss bio-psycho-social domains only to a limited extent. This r.view ar.icle addr.sses this issue by making connections acr.ss r.sear.h findings in health psychology and r.lated medical fields in or.er.to str.ngthen the associations acr.ss bio-psycho-social domains. In par.icular. r.sear.h in sociosomatics, neur.plasticity and psychosocial genomics ar. intr.duced and explor.d. The r.le of “cultur.” as conceived of within the Biopsychosocial Model is also ambiguous and somewhat pr.blematic. Ar.hur.Klienman’s conceptions of cultur. as what is at stake for.individuals in their.local social and mor.l wor.ds is adopted to offer.a cr.tique of pr.vious per.pectives of cultur. and question its r.le amidst bio-psycho-social domains. Over.ll, a multilevel integr.tive or.‘holistic’ per.pective is advanced to str.ngthen the Biopsychosocial Model for.use within health psychology and biomedical r.sear.h. In the end, some clinical implications ar. discussed.

关键词： Biopsychosocial Model Health Psychology Cultur. Sociomatics Psychosocial Genomics

Dietar. fibr. basics: Health, nutr.tion, analysis, and applications

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Food Quality and Safety 2017年第1期1卷 47-59页

作者： Yao Olive Li andrew r.Komar.k Depar.ment of Human Nutr.tion and Food Science California State Polytechnic UniversityPomona ANKOMTechnology Cor.or.tion MacedonNew YorkUSA

Over.the past decades,dietar. fibr.(DF)has been well studied with abundant evidence on its health *** in nutr.tional studies always lead the way followed by the food *** scientists and technologists then explor.d the applications of DF in a var.ety of food pr.ducts thr.ugh examination and utilization of fibr.s fr.m var.ous conventional and uncommon sour.es including agr.-food pr.cessing ***,the cur.ent intake levels of fibr. and fibr.r.ch foods ar. still far.below r.commended values in most nations *** addition,r.sear.h is needed to substantiate differ.nt mechanistic effects of intr.nsic,intact fibr.s pr.sented or.ginally in the food matr.x and the isolated,r.fined fibr. added back to the novel food *** quantification methods for.DF ar. needed for.var.ous r.asons including br.ad r.nge of sour.es,complicated chemical str.ctur.s,and ever.changing definitions fr.m var.ous r.gulator. *** the other.hand,ther. ar. mor. consumer.demands for.clean labels or.pr.cise infor.ation on daily values(DV%),alongside mor. r.str.cted r.gulations for.cer.ain nutr.tional claims such as‘high fibr.’.It is clear.that all these demands cr.ate a pr.ctical pr.ssur. on pr.fessionals wor.ing in the food industr.,par.icular.y at quality assur.nce(QA)positions,on how to obtain r.liable data fr.m DF analysis to meet r.gulator. and labelling ***,with the most r.cent Codex definition and advanced instr.ments that ar. capable to automate the analytical pr.cedur.s and pr.duce consistent r.sults,it is for.seeable that global har.onization on DF studies can be ***,advanced pr.cessing technologies such as dr. fr.ctionation,enzymatic conver.ion,and micr.nization pr.sent pr.mising oppor.unities for.r.D pr.fessionals to advance the DF utilization and applications in functional food development.

关键词： dietar. fibr. health benefits technological functionality fibr.-miner.l inter.ction fibr. analysis label claims and r.gulations

Impr.ving sor.hum digestion in br.iler. by tar.eting fer.entation of xylan

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Animal Nutr.tion 2022年第3期10卷 198-206页

作者： Natalie K.Mor.an andrew Wallace Michael r.Bedfor. Univer.ity of New England School of Environmental and Rural ScienceArmidaleNew South WalesAustralia AB Vista Woodstock CourtBlenheim RoadMarlborough Business ParkMarlboroughWiltshireEnglandUnited Kingdom Cur.in Univer.ity Kent StreetBentleyWestern AustraliaAustralia

This study was to examine if it is possible to acceler.te sor.hum digestion in br.iler.chickens by tar.eting fer.entation of the *** 500 br.iler.(n=960,80 bir.s per.tr.atment)wer. fed 12 sor.humsoybean meal-based dietar. tr.atments fed as 3 phases(star.er.d 0 to 12,gr.wer.d 13 to 23,finisher.d 24 to 35),with 8 r.plicate pens of 10 bir.s per.*** half of the tr.atments(n=6),10%of the sor.hum in the diet was dir.ctly r.placed with 10%wheat br.n,as a sour.e of fer.entable *** diets wer. supplemented with either.0,50 or.2,000 mg/kg xylo-oligosacchar.des(XOS),with or.without xylanase *** weight gain(BWG),feed intake(FI)and feed conver.ion cor.ected for.mor.ality(cFCr.was deter.ined at d 0 to 35,and male and female body weight wer. measur.d on d *** d 35,ileum and caeca samples wer. collected fr.m 2 bir.s per.pen,for.deter.ination of caecal cellulase and xylanase activity,micr.biota composition and shor. chain fatty acid(SCFA)concentr.tion,and ileal XOS *** with 2,000 mg/kg XOS caused incr.ased BWG at d 0 to 35(P=0.007)and enhanced caecal pr.pionic,valer.c and succinic acid concentr.tion(Pr.n incr.ased FI(P=0.018)and BWG(P=0.016),as well as caecal Bifidobacter.a concentr.tion(Pr.tion was gr.atest when feeding combined wheat br.n,2,000 mg/kg XOS,and xylanase,r.sulting in incr.ased caecal total SCFA,acetic acid and butyr.c acid concentr.tion,and xylanase and cellulase activity(Pr.sults fr.m this study pr.sent that feed efficiency in bir.s fed sor.hum-based diets is impr.ved as a consequence of supplementing with fer.entable fibr.,xylanase and XOS.

关键词： Xylanase Sor.hum Oligosacchar.des Br.iler

Micr.str.ctur.l development and mechanical pr.per.ies of dr.p tube atomized Al-2.85 wt%Fe

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Jour.al of Mater.als Science & Technology 2022年第9期104卷 41-51页

作者： Mehmet r.Abul r.ber. F.Cochr.ne andrew M.Mullis School of Chemical&Pr.cess Engineer.ng University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Al-2.85 wt%Fe alloy has been subjected to non-equilibr.um container.less solidification using a 6.5 m dr.p *** samples wer. collected and sieved into 7 sizes fr.ctions r.nging fr.m 850μm to 53μm,with the estimated cooling r.tes being 150 to 11000 K s^(-1)*** analysis was employed on all dr.plet size fr.ctions for.identification and evolution of the phases,showing that Al,Al_(6)Fe and Al_(13)Fe_(4)wer. for.ed for.all sizes while Al_(5)Fe_(2)was obser.ed only in dr.plets≤150μm in *** evaluation was conducted by using SEM and optical micr.scopy,showing that dr.plet lar.er.than 300μm in diameter.exhibited distinct mor.hologies;micr.cellular.dendr.ticα-Al with inter.dendr.tic Al_(13)Fe_(4)eutectic and an AI-Al_(6)Fe eutectic *** incr.asing cooling r.te,the Al-Al_(6)Fe r.gion *** analysis r.veals that incr.asing the cooling r.te incr.ased the dissolved Fe content inα-Al fr.m 0.37 wt%Fe to 1.105 wt%Fe,and cor.espondingly the eutectic fr.ction decr.ased fr.m 49.7 vol.%to 26.7 vol.%.Measur.ment of the lamellar.spacing allowed the eutectic gr.wth velocity and inter.acial under.ooling to be calculated,wher.in the Al-r.ch boundar. of the eutectic coupled zone could be *** shows a coupled zone skewed significantly towar.s the inter.etallic side of the *** or.er.to under.tand the effect of non-equilibr.um the solidification on the mechanical pr.per.ies micr. har.ness of the dr.plets was *** micr.-har.ness has r.sen fr.m 55.3 HV_(0.01)to 66.5 HV_(0.01)for.850μm and≤75μm dr.plets,r.spectively.

关键词： Al-Fe alloys Container.less solidification Micr.str.ctur. TEM Micr.-har.ness