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Eliciting CD4-mimicking br.adly neutr.lizing antibodies:new avenues towar.s the r.tional design of an HIV vaccine

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Signal tr.nsduction and tar.eted ther.py 2024年第3期9卷 836-838页

作者： Fr.uke Muecksch Oliver.t.Fackler Depar.ment of Infectious Diseases Heidelberg UniversityMedical Faculty HeidelbergVirologyCenter for Integrative Infectious Disease Research(CIID)HeidelbergGermany Chica and Heinz Schaller.CHS)r.sear.h Gr.up Department of Infectious DiseasesVirologyUniversity Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Depar.ment of Infectious Diseases Heidelberg UniversityMedical Faculty HeidelbergIntegrative VirologyCenter for Integrative Infectious Disease Research(CIID)HeidelbergGermany Ger.an Centr. for.Infection r.sear.h(DZIF) Partner Site HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany

In a study r.cently published in Cell,Saunder. et *** that a new anti-HIV vaccine tr.gger. antibody r.sponses r.sembling CD4-binding site br.adly neutr.lizing antibody pr.cur.or. in r.esus macaques.1 this study pr.vid... 详细信息

关键词： al. vaccine r.tional

r.cent Advances in Catalytic Car.onylation r.actions in Alter.ative r.action Media

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Chinese Jour.al of Chemistr. 2024年第4期42卷 406-429页

作者： Csaba Ár.ai László t.Mika Depar.ment of Chemical and Envir.nmental Pr.cess Engineer.ng Faculty of Chemical Technology and BiotechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3H-1111 BudapestHungary

Since the discover. of the hydr.for.ylation(oxo-synthesis or.r.elen r.action)and the r.ppe-r.action,the tr.nsition metal-catalyzed car.onylation r.actions,pr.viding ver.atile,facile,and even atom-economic methods for.the selective incor.or.tion of C=O functionality to var.ous skeletons,have gained tr.mendous impor.ance in synthetic or.anic chemistr. fr.m labor.tor.es to industr.al *** car.onylation of car.on-car.on multiple bonds,ar.matic halides,tr.flates,etc.,in the pr.sence of var.ous nucleophiles has led the way to pr.duce aldehydes,car.oxylic acids,ester.,amides,etc.,in the fine chemical ***,these pr.tocols usually pr.ceed in conventional,fossil-based,and usually toxic r.action ***,sever.l attempts have been dir.cted to developing efficient car.onylation methods in alter.ative,less har.ful,non-fossil-based and even in r.newable r.action *** this r.view,we over.iew the r.cent applications of alter.ative solvents such as water.biomass-based alcohols,γ-valer.lactone(GVL),2-methyltetr.hydr.fur.n(2-MetHF),ionic liquids(ILs),deep eutectic solvents(DES),alkyl levulinates,limonene,α-pinene,and dimethyl car.onate as well as fluor.us media to impr.ve efficiency,safety and envir.nmentally benign natur. of car.onylation pr.tocols.

关键词： Car.onylation Catalysis Solvents Gr.en chemistr. Car.on monoxide tr.nsition metals Homogeneous catalysis Palladium

Assessment of r.inwater.Quality in War.i and Envir.n, Souther. Niger.a for.Domestic Pur.oses

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Jour.al of Geoscience and Envir.nment Pr.tection 2024年第6期12卷 255-268页

作者： Iwekumo E. Agbozu tobor. r. Maminor.Uwem Bassey Depar.ment of Envir.nmental Management and toxicology Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun Nigeria Depar.ment of Science Labor.tor. technology Delta State University Abraka Nigeria

the study aimed at assessing the physiochemical char.cter.stics of r.inwater.in War.i and it envir.n was investigated. Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu and Cr.concentr.tions in r.inwater.fr.m r.of and non-r.of sour.es wer. deter.ined using Atomic Absor.tion Spectr.photometr.. thr.e geospatial locations compr.sing Jakpa, Udu, and Ubeji wer. selected based on pr.vailing anthr.pogenic activities. the r.inwater.samples wer. systematically collected fr.m (aluminum) r.of and non-r.of sour.es for.the months of Apr.l, June, and August and October.2022, tr.ated and analyzed in the labor.tor. for.sixteen physicochemical par.meter.. r.sults wer. statistically analyzed using ANOVA, and t-test for.the deter.ination of the level of r.lationships and var.ations acr.ss geospatial locations. Significant cor.elations (r.= 0.72) exist between Cr.in r.inwater.fr.m r.of and non-r.of sour.es. Implying point-sour.e contaminations and may be emanating fr.m the influence of r.of mater.als. Fur.her.or., high concentr.tions of Cd and Pb in r.of sour.e above WHO standar.s wer. mostly in Jakpa and Ubeji. Calculated Health r.sk Index (Hr.) for.childr.n and adult is gr.ater.than 1. the r.sults showed that most samples fr.m the locations ar. consider.d not safe (Hr. > 1) especially for.Cd, which means that ther. ar. potential health r.sks consuming r.inwater.fr.m Jakpa, Udu and Ubeji. ther.for., ther. is need for.pr.mpt sensitization pr.gr.m to dissuade people fr.m dir.ctly dr.nking r.inwater.fr.m these locations.

关键词： Water.Quality Health r.sks r.inwater Heavy Metals War.i Envir.ns

r.r.ES2's impact on lipid metabolism in tr.plenegative br.ast cancer.a pathway to br.in metastasis

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Militar. Medical r.sear.h 2024年第2期11卷 311-312页

作者： Quazi t.H.Shubhr. Institute of Chemistr. University of Silesia in Katowice41‑500 ChorzowPoland Depar.ment of Neur.sur.er. Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China

Br.ast cancer.br.in metastasis(BCBr.)is a cr.cial and har. ar.a of r.sear.h which guar.ntees an ur.ent need to under.tand the under.ying molecular.mechanisms.A r.cent study by Li et al.[1]published in Militar. Medical r.sear.h investigated the r.le of r.tinoic acid r.ceptor.r.sponder.2(r.r.ES2)in r.gulating lipid metabolism in BCBr.,highlighting the clinical r.levance of alter.tions in lipid metabolites,such as phosphatidylcholine(PC)and tr.acylglycer.ls(tAGs),by r.r.ES2 thr.ugh the modulation of phosphatase and tensin homologue(PtEN)-mammalian tar.et of r.pamycin(mtOr.-ster.l r.gulator. element-binding pr.tein 1(Sr.BP1)signaling *** commentar. aims to elabor.te on the key findings and their.r.levance to the field.

关键词： r.tinoic acid r.ceptor.r.sponder.2(r.r.ES2) Lipid metabolism Cancer PtEN-mtOr.Sr.BP1 signaling Metabolic r.pr.gr.mming Br.in metastasis

EP Aquar.i:A New Pictur. of the Cir.umstellar.Envelope

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r.sear.h in Astr.nomy and Astr.physics 2024年第3期24卷 83-105页

作者： Pham t.Nhung Do t.Hoai Pier.e Dar.iulat Pham tuan-Anh Pham N.Diep Nguyen B.Ngoc tr.n t.thai Depar.ment of Astr.physics Vietnam National Space CenterVietnam Academy of Science and Technology18Hoang Quoc VietNghia DoCau GiayHa Noivietnam

New analyses of ear.ier.ALMA obser.ations of oxygen-r.ch AGB star.EP Aquar.i ar. pr.sented,which complete a pr.viously published analysis and offer.a differ.nt inter.r.tation of the mor.ho-kinematics of the cir.umstellar.*** bir.h of the equator.al density enhancement(EDE)is shown to occur.ver. close to the star.wher. evidence for.r.tation has been *** to the star.and wher. outflows have been obser.ed:their.inter.ction with the gas of the nascent EDE is seen to play an impor.ant r.le in the development of the wind and the evolution of its r.dial velocity fr.m 8 to 10 km s^(-1) on the polar.symmetr. axis to~2 km s^(-1) at the *** implies complex mor.ho-kinematics:making r.liable inter.r.tations with r.asonable confidence is *** par.icular.it questions an ear.ier.inter.r.tation implying the pr.sence of a white dwar. companion or.iting the star.at an angular.distance of -0″4 fr.m its *** pr.poses instead an inter.r.tation in ter.s of a standar. mass ejection associated with a shock wave leaving a void of emission in its *** Doppler.velocity wings ar. seen to consist of two components,the upper.velocity end of the global wind,r.aching above±12 km s^(-1),and an effective line br.adening,confined within 200 mas fr.m the center.of the star.r.aching above±20 km s^(-1) and inter.r.ted as caused by the patter. of shock waves r.sulting fr.m the inter.ction between stellar.pulsation and convective cell par.ition.

关键词： star. AGB and post-AGB-(star.) cir.umstellar.matter.r.dio lines star.

Distr.bution, health and ecological r.sk assessments of tr.ce elements in Niger.an oil sands

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 59-71页

作者： Odunayo t.Or. Festus M.Adebiyi Depar.ment of Chemistr. Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife 220005Nigeria Depar.ment of Chemical Sciences Achievers UniversityOwoNigeria

the Niger.an oil sands r.pr.sent the lar.est oil sand deposit in Afr.ca, yet ther. is little published infor.ation on the distr.bution and potential health and ecological r.sks of tr.ce elements in the oil r.sour.e. In the pr.sent study, we investigated the distr.bution patter. of 18tr.ce elements(including biophile and chalcophile elements) as well as the estimated r.sks associated with exposur. to these elements. the r.sults of the study indicated that Fe was the most abundant element, with a mean concentr.tion of 22,131 mg/kg while Br.had the lowest mean concentr.tion of 48 mg/kg. the high occur.ence of Fe and ti suggested a possible occur.ence of ilmenite(Fe tiO_(3)) in the oil sands. Sour.e appor.ionment using positive matr.x factor.zation showed that the possible sour.es of detected elements in the oil sands wer. geogenic, metal pr.duction, and cr.stal. the contamination factor. geo-accumulation index, modified degr.e of contamination, pollution load index, and Nemer.w pollution index indicated that the oil sands ar. heavily polluted by the elements. Health r.sk assessment showed that childr.n wer. r.latively mor. susceptible to the potentially toxic elements in the oil sands pr.ncipally via ingestion exposur. r.ute(HQ > 1E-04). Cancer.r.sks fr.m inhalation ar. unlikely due to Cr.t ingestion and der.al contact pose sever. r.sks(Cr.> 1E-04). the high concentr.tions of the elements pose ser.ous thr.ats due to the potential for.atmospher.c tr.nspor., bioaccessibility, and bioavailability.

关键词： Biophile Chalcophile Oil sand r.sk assessment tr.ce element

the bumpy r.ad of pur.ner.ic inhibitor. to clinical application in immune-mediated diseases

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第6期19卷 1206-1211页

作者： Matthias t.Wyss Chr.stine Heuer.Mar.na Her.er.h Institute of Phar.acology and toxicology University of ZurichZürichSwitzerland Neur.science Center.Zur.ch(ZNZ) University of Zurich and ETH ZurichZürichSwitzerland Neur.logy Depar.ment University Hospital of ZurichZürichSwitzerland

Pur.ner.ic signaling plays impor.ant r.les thr.ughout the body in the r.gulation of or.an functions dur.ng and following the disr.ption of *** is also r.flected by the widespr.ad expr.ssion of two families of pur.ner.ic r.ceptor.(P1 and P2)with numer.us *** the last few decades,ther. has been incr.asing evidence that pur.ner.ic signaling plays an impor.ant r.le in the r.gulation of immune ***,signals mediated by P2 r.ceptor. have been shown to contr.bute to immune system-mediated ***,inter.er.nce with P2 r.ceptor. may be a pr.mising str.tegy for.the modulation of immune *** only a few clinical studies have been conducted in isolated entities with limited success,pr.clinical wor. suggests that the use of P2 r.ceptor.inhibitor. may bear.some pr.mise in var.ous autoimmune *** the association of P2 r.ceptor. with sever.l disor.er. fr.m this field,the use of P2 r.ceptor.antagonists in clinical ther.py is still ver. *** this nar.ative r.view,we br.efly r.view the involvement of the pur.ner.ic system in immunological r.sponses and clinical studies on the effect of pur.ner.ic inhibition on autoimmune *** then open the aper.ur. a bit and show some pr.clinical studies demonstr.ting a potential effect of pur.ner.ic blockade on autoimmune *** sur.min,a non-specific pur.ner.ic inhibitor.as an example,we fur.her.show that off-tar.et effects could be r.sponsible for.obser.ed effects in immunological settings,which may have inter.sting ***,we believe that it is wor.hwhile to fur.her.investigate this hither.o under.xplor.d ar.a.

关键词： autoimmune diseases neur.logical disor.er. pur.ner.ic system P2 r.ceptor.inhibitor. sur.min

Nonlinear.Optical Analogies in Nuclear.Like Soliton r.actions:Selection r.les,Nonlinear.tunneling and Sub-Bar.ier.Fusion–Fission

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Chinese Physics Letter. 2024年第8期41卷 1-7页

作者： t.L.Belyaeva V.N.Ser.in Univer.idad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Av.Instituto Literario 100C.P.50000TolucaMexico Benemer.ta Univer.idad Autonoma de Puebla Av.4 Sur 104C.P.72001PueblaMexico

the main goal of our.study is to r.veal unexpected but intr.guing analogies ar.sing between optical solitons and nuclear.physics,which still r.main hidden fr.m *** consider.the main cor.er.tones of the concept of nonlinear.optics of nuclear.r.actions and the well-dr.ssed r.pulsive-cor. *** the base of this model,we r.veal the most intr.guing pr.per.ies of the nonlinear.tunneling of nucleus-like solitons and the soliton selfinduced sub-bar.ier.tr.nspar.ncy *** descr.be novel inter.sting and stimulating analogies between the inter.ction of nucleus-like solitons on the r.pulsive bar.ier.and nuclear.sub-bar.ier.*** main finding of this study concer.s the conser.ation of total number.of nucleons(or.the bar.on number.in nuclear.like soliton *** show that inelastic inter.ctions among well-dr.ssed r.pulsive-cor. solitons ar.se only when a“cloud”of“dr.ssing”spectr.l side-bands appear. in the fr.quency spectr. of the *** pr.per.y of nucleus-like solitons is dir.ctly r.lated to the nuclear.density distr.bution descr.bed by the dimensionless small shape-squar.ness *** the Four.er.spectr. of nucleus-like solitons ar. similar.to the nuclear.for. *** show that the nuclear.like r.actions between well-dr.ssed solitons ar. r.alized by“exchange”between“par.icle-like”side bands in their.spectr..

关键词： solitons soliton Nonlinear

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美国页岩油气地质特征及勘探开发进展

石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 807-828页

作者： MCMAHON t P LAr.ON t E ZHANG t SHUStEr.M 美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校杰克逊地质科学学院经济地质局奥斯汀78758-4445德克萨斯州美国

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比... 详细信息

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比世)、早二叠世、晚侏罗世和晚白垩世(塞诺曼期—土伦期),构造沉积环境主要包括克拉通内盆地、前陆盆地和被动大陆边缘盆地。古生界富烃页岩主要分布于以下6个盆地:阿巴拉契亚盆地(尤蒂卡页岩和马塞勒斯页岩)、阿纳达科盆地(伍德福德页岩)、威利斯顿盆地(巴肯页岩)、阿卡马盆地(费耶特维尔页岩)、沃思堡盆地(巴内特页岩)和二叠盆地(狼营组和斯帕瑞组/骨泉组页岩)。中生界富烃页岩主要发育在西墨西哥湾盆地(海恩斯维尔组和鹰滩组)和落基山盆地群(以丹佛和粉河盆地的尼尔布拉勒组页岩为主)。通过对各页岩区带的详细分析发现,页岩的岩相和矿物成分存在差异,“页岩储层”并非只是页岩,很多情况下页岩油气还产自粉砂岩和碳酸盐岩等多种岩石类型。美国的页岩油气资源丰富,页岩油地质资源量超过0.246×1012 t,页岩气地质资源量超过290×1012 m3。在开启“页岩革命”的水平井水力压裂技术出现之前,美国经过了长达20年的勘探开发实践和理论技术积累。自2007年至2023年,美国页岩油气产量从约11.2×104t/d油当量增加到超过300.0×104t/d油当量,2017年页岩油气产量超过了常规油气,2023年在油气总产量中的占比增加到60%以上。页岩油气的开发主要得益于钻完井技术的改进,“立体开发”的攻关,以及重复压裂、提高原油采收率和“U”形井等技术的应用。基于美国丰富的页岩资源基础和技术的不断进步,页岩油气的产量将继续为全美的油气生产做出更大贡献。

关键词：美国页岩油页岩气页岩储层非常规储层油气产量资源评价