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Plated contacts for.solar.cells with super.or.adhesion str.ngth to scr.en pr.nted solar.cells

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Fr.ntier. in Ener.y 2017年第1期11卷 72-77页

作者： r. CHEN S. WANG A. WENHAM z. SHI T. YOUNG J. JI M. EDWAr.S A. SUGIANTO L. MAI S. WENHAM C. CHONG School of Photovoltaic and r.newable Ener.y Engineer.ng University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

The impr.vement of adhesion str.ngth and dur.bility of plated contacts is r.quir.d for.cell manufactur.r. to gain confidence for.lar.e-scale manufactur.ng. To over.ome weak adhesion at the metal/Si inter.ace, new appr.aches wer. developed. These involve the for.ation of laser.ablated anchor.points, or.gr.oves in the extr.me case of over.apping anchor.points, in the heavily doped silicon sur.ace. When plated, these featur.s gr.atly str.ngthen the mechanical adhesion str.ngth of the metal. A stylus-based adhesion tester.was developed specifically for.evaluating the effectiveness of plated contacts to smooth silicon sur.aces. The use of such a tester.was also extended in this wor. to textur.d and r.ughened sur.aces to allow evaluation of differ.nt metal contacting appr.aches. The adhesion str.ngths for.var.ous metal contacting schemes wer. evaluated, including scr.enpr.nted silver.contacts, nickel/copper.（Ni/Cu） light- induced plated （LIP） contacts for.laser.doped selective emitter.（LDSE） ceils, bur.ed-contact solar.cells （BCSCs）, and Ni/Cu LIP contacts for.ed with laser.ablated anchor.ng points in selective emitter.（LAASE） cells. The latter.has super.or.adhesion str.ngth. The standar. ＂peel test＂ of the industr. was compar.d to the stylus-based adhesion testing, with the latter.shown value for.testing metal contacts on smooth sur.aces but with caution needed for.use with textur.d or.r.ughened sur.aces.

关键词： light-induced plating metal adhesionstr.ngth copper.plating metal contacts solar.cell dur.bility,silicon solar.cells

SOME CONVOLUTION AND INCLUSION Pr.PEr.IES FOr.SUBCLASSES OF MEr.MOr.HIC p-VALENT FUNCTIONS INVOLVING INTEGr.L OPEr.TOr

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2013年第6期33卷 1749-1758页

作者： r.M.el-ASHWAH Depar.ment of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceDamietta University

Making use of the linear.oper.tor.Lp^m（λ,e）f（z.=1/z.p＋∞∑k=1[e/e＋λk]^m akz.k-p,wher. e〉0,λ〉0,p∈N,m∈N0=NUr.,z.U^＊ and f（z.∈∑p,we intr.duce two subclasses of mer.mor.hic p-valent analytic functions ... 详细信息

关键词： analytic functions mer.mor.hic functions multiplier.tr.nsfor.ations

Measur.ment, modelling, and closed-loop contr.l of cr.stal shape distr.bution： Liter.tur. r.view and futur. per.pectives

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Par.icuology 2016年第3期14卷 1-18页

作者： Cai Y. Ma Jing J. Liu Xue z. Wang Institute of Par.icle Science and Engineer.ng School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Leeds Leeds 1.52 9JT United Kingdom School of Chemistr. and Chemical Engineer.ng South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China

Cr.stal mor.hology is known to be of gr.at impor.ance to the end-use pr.per.ies of cr.stal pr.ducts, and to affect down-str.am pr.cessing such as filtr.tion and dr.ing. However. it has been pr.viously r.gar.ed as too challenging to achieve automatic closed-loop contr.l. Pr.vious wor. has focused on contr.lling the cr.stal siz. distr.bution, wher. the siz. of a cr.stal is often defined as the diameter.of a spher. that has the same volume as the cr.stal. This paper.r.views the new advances in mor.hological population balance models for.modelling and simulating the cr.stal shape distr.bution （CShD）, measur.ng and estimating cr.stal facet gr.wth kinetics, and two- and thr.e-dimensional imaging for.on-line char.cter.sation of the cr.stal mor.hology and CShD. A fr.mewor. is pr.sented that integr.tes the var.ous components to achieve the ultimate objective of model-based closed-loop contr.l of the CShD. The knowledge gaps and challenges that r.quir. fur.her.r.sear.h ar. also identified.

关键词： Cr.stal mor.hology Cr.stal shape distr.bution Mor.hological population balance mode3D pr.cess imaging Closed-loop contr.l of cr.stal shapeCr.stal facet gr.wth kinetics

Effect of Pb Ions on the Ionic Conductivity of Some Silicate Glass Systems

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Jour.al of Mater.als Science & Technology 2002年第5期18卷 391-394页

作者： A.G.Mostafa z.A.el-Hadi 等 PhysicsDepar.ment FacultyofScienceAl-AzharUniversityNasrCityCairoEgypt Chemistr.Depar.ment UniversityCollegeforGirlsAinShamsUniversityCairoEgypt

Conductivity of glasses in the systems ***, (wher. r.Ca, Sr.or.Ba) was investigated between r.om temper.tur. and 530 K. The dependence of log r.sistivity as well as the activation ener.y on the PbO content has been studied. Based on the pr.sent exper.mental r.sults, the possible differ.nt conduction mechanisms in such glasses ar. discussed. It was postulated that Pb2+ ions may r.pr.sent the major.char.e car.ying species in these glasses. This assumption was confir.ed by the calculations of the mean distance between the inter.titial Pb2+ ions and the effective center.of the O2- ions in the glass networ.s. The var.ation in the values of the density and the molar.volume with PbO content is also discussed in view of the obtained activation ener.ies for.the studied glass-systems.

关键词： Ionic conductivity Pb ion Silicate glass systems

Continuous-cyclic var.ations in the b-value of the ear.hquake fr.quency-magnitude distr.bution

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Ear.hquake Science 2013年第5期26卷 301-320页

作者： z.H.el-Isa Geology Depar.ment University of Jordan

Seismicity of the Ear.h （M ≥ 4.5） was compiled fr.m NEIC, Ir.S and ISC catalogues and used to compute b-value based on var.ous time windows. It is found that continuous cyclic b-var.ations occur.on both long and shor. time scales, the latter.being of much higher.value and sometimes in excess of 0.7 of the absolute b-value. These var.ations occur.not only year.y or.monthly, but also daily. Befor. the occur.ence of lar.e ear.hquakes, b-values star. incr.asing with var.able gr.dients that ar. affected by for.shocks. In some cases, the gr.dient is r.duced to z.r. or.to a negative value a few days befor. the ear.hquake occur.ence. In gener.l, calculated b-values attain maxima 1 day befor. lar.e ear.hquakes and minima soon after.their.occur.ence. Both linear.r.gr.ssion and maximum likelihood methods give cor.elatable, but var.able r.sults. It is found that an expanding time window technique fr.m a fixed star.ing point is mor. effective in the study of b-var.ations. The calculated b-var.ations for.the whole Ear.h, its hemispher.s, quadr.nts and the epicentr.l r.gions of some lar.e ear.hquakes ar. of both local and r.gional char.cter. which may indicate that in such cases, the geodynamic pr.cesses acting within a cer.ain r.gion have a much r.gional effect within the Ear.h. The b-var.ations have long been known to var. with a number.of local and r.gional factor. including tectonic str.sses. The r.sults r.por.ed her. indicate that geotectonic str.ss r.mains the most significant factor.that contr.ls b-var.ations. It is found that for.ear.hquakes with Mw ≥ 7, an incr.ase of about 0.20 in the b-value implies a str.ss incr.ase that will r.sult in an ear.hquake with a magnitude one unit higher.

关键词： Ear.hquake fr.quency-magnitude b-value Tempor.l b-var.ation Spatial b-var.ation

Laser.Diode Pumping High-stability 1047 nm TEM00 Mode CW Nd: YLiF4 Laser

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Chinese Jour.al of Laser. 2000年第2期B9卷 103-106页

作者： H. Y. Shen r. F. Wu z. D. z.ng W. X. Lin r. r. z.ng Y. P. z.ou G. F. Yu C. H. Huang (Fujian Institute of r.sear.h on the Str.ctur. of Matter. Fuz.ou 350002, China ) Fujian Institute of r.sear.h on the Str.ctur. of Matter Fuzhou 350002 China

A laser.diode （LD） pumping high-stability 1047 nm TEM00mode Nd: YLiF4（Nd: YLF） continuous wave （CW） laser.is r.por.ed in this letter. The laser.output power.of 5. 83 W with optical to optical efficiency of 27 % and slope efficiency of 30 % has been achieved. The instability of output power.is 0. 36% and spike caused by r.laxation oscillation has not been obser.ed in the laser.beam. The tr.nsver.e cr.ss section of laser.beam is an ellipse, the diameter. of laser.beam at output mir.or.in both dir.ctions ar. 0. 97 mm and 1. 07 mm, r.spectively. The diver.ent angles ar. 0. 936 mr.d and 0. 774 mr.d, and the values of M2ar. 1. 37 and 1. 24, r.spectively. The polar.z.tion degr.e of laser.beam is better.than 237: 1.

关键词： Nd:YLIF4 laser LD pump CW laser

Gor.nstein Pr.jective Modules over. Tr.angular.Matr.x r.ngs

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Algebr. Colloquium 2016年第1期23卷 97-104页

作者： H. Eshr.ghi r. Hafez. Sh. Salar.an z.W. Li Depar.ment of Pur. Mathematics Faculty of Mathematical Sciences University of Kashan P.O. Box 87317-51167 Kashan Iran School of Mathematics Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) P.O. Box 19395-5746 Tehran Iran Depar.ment of Mathematics University of Isfahan P.O. Box 81746-73441 Isfahan Iran School of Mathematics Institute for Research in Fundarnental Sciences (IPM) P.O. Box 19395-5746 Tehran Iran Depar.ment of Mathematics Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China

Let r.and S be Ar.in algebr.s and F be their.tr.angular.matr.x extension via a bimodule sMr. We study totally acyclic complexes of pr.jective F-modules and obtain a complete descr.ption of Gor.nstein pr.jective F-modu... 详细信息

关键词： Gor.nstein pr.jective totally acyclic Cohen-Macaulay finite

Scaling behavior.of the ther.opower.of the ar.hetypal heavy-fer.ion metal Ybr.2Si2

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Fr.ntier. of physics 2016年第2期11卷 89-95页

作者： V. r. Shaginyan A. z. Msez.ne G. S. Japar.dz. K. G. Popov J. W. Clar. V. A. Khodel Peter.bur. Nuclear.Physics Institute NRC Kurchatov Institute Gatchina 188300 Russia Clar. Atlanta Univer.ity Atlanta GA 30314 USA Komi Science Center Ural Division RAS Syktyvkar 167982 Russia Depar.ment of Physics St. Petersburg State University Russia McDonnell Center.for.the Space Sciences 8J Depar.ment of Physics Washington University St. Louis MO 63130 USA Centr. de Ciencias Matemdticas Universidade de Madeira 9000-390 Funchal Madeira Portugal r.ssian r.sear.h Center.Kur.hatov Institute Moscow 123182 Russia

We r.veal and explain the scaling behavior.of the ther.opower.S/T exhibited by the ar.hetypal heavy-fer.ion （HF） metal Ybr.2Si2 under.the application of magnetic field B at temper.tur. T. We show that the same scaling is demonstr.ted by differ.nt HF compounds such as/3-YbA1B4 and the str.ngly cor.elated layer.d cobalt oxide [BiBa0.66K0.3602]CoO2. Using Ybr.2Si2 as an example, we demonstr.te that the scaling behavior.of SIT is violated at the antifer.omagnetic phase tr.nsition, while both the r.sidual r.sistivity Po and the density of states, N, exper.ence jumps at the phase tr.nsition, causing the ther.opower.to make two jumps and change its sign. Our.elucidation is based on flattening of the single-par.icle spectr.m that pr.foundly affects Po and N. To depict the main featur.s of the SIT behavior. we constr.ct a T-B schematic phase diagr.m of Ybr.2Si2. Our.calculated SIT for.the HF compounds ar. in good agr.ement with exper.mental facts and suppor. our.obser.ations.

关键词： ther.oelectr.c and ther.omagnetic effects quantum phase tr.nsition flat bands,non-Fer.i-liquid states str.ngly cor.elated electr.n systems heavy fer.ions

In Honor.of the 80th Bir.hday of Pr.fessor.WANG Fosong

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Science China Chemistr. 2012年第5期55卷 643-645页

作者： Stephen z. D. Cheng the Univer.ity of Akr.n

Pr.fessor.Fosong Wang was bor. in Guangdong, China in 1933 and r.ceived his under.r.duate education at Wuhan Univer.ity between 1951 and 1955. Following gr.duation, he went to the For.er.Soviet Union to continue his gr.duate studies wher.upon, in 1960, he r.ceived his Ph.D. in chemistr. fr.m the Institute of High Molecular.Compounds of

关键词：生日化学研究所本科教育武汉大学松广东省研究生前苏联