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Nanomotion of bacter.a to deter.ine metabolic pr.file

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Nanotechnology and Pr.cision Engineer.ng 2024年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： S.N.Pleskov. E.v.Lazar.nko N.A.Bezr.kov.r.N.Kr.ukov.A.v.Bor.akov.M.E.Dokukin S.I.Sur.din r.sear.h Labor.tor. of Scanning Pr.be Micr.scopy Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Depar.ment of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a.R.E.AlekseevNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Sar.v.Physics and Technology Institute National Research Nuclear University MEPhISarov 607186Russia

In addition to their.v.sible motion such as swimming(e.g.,with the help ofﬂagella),bacter.a can also exhibit nanomotion that is detectable only with highly sensitiv. instr.ments,and this study shows that it is possible to detect bacter.al nanomotion using an AFM detection *** r.sults show that the nanomotion char.cter.stics depend on the bacter.al str.in,and that nanomotion can be used to sense the metabolic activ.ty of bacter.a because the oscillations ar. sensitiv. to the food pr.fer.nces of the bacter.a and the type of sur.ounding medium.

关键词： Nanomotion Bacter.a Cantilev.r Oscillation Atomic for.e micr.scopy Metabolism

HISP-1 Inhibits HSv.1 Infection in Cultur.d v.r. Cells

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Adv.nces in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 269-288页

作者： Sandr. D. Adams Kev.n T. Bilyk Modukur. v. r.mani Gottumukkala v. Subbar.ju Depar.ment of Biology Montclair State University Montclair USA Depar.ment of Chemistr. Andhara University Visakhapatnam India

Her.es simplex v.r.s-1 (HSv.1) r.mains a leading cause of v.r.l disease wor.dwide and is spr.ad by dir.ct contact with infected lesions. Ther. is no v.ccine against HSv.1 infections and ther. r.mains a need to identify ther.peutics that could r.duce the spr.ad. In this study v.r.ous hispolon compounds wer. analyzed to deter.ine their.antiv.r.l potential against HSv.1 infections in cultur.d v.r. cells. To deter.ine the effects on infectiv.ty and possible mechanisms of inhibition, the following assays wer. conducted. In v.tr. cytotoxicity assays wer. conducted to deter.ine the effect of the compounds on cell v.ability and the maximum non-cytotoxic concentr.tions. Antiv.r.l assays measur.d cell v.ability, per.ent inhibition of infection following tr.atment with the compounds, and the effect on the v.r.l infection cycle. These effects wer. v.sualized using inv.r.ed light and fluor.scent micr.scopy. Of the 24 hispolons tested, only hispolon pyr.zole-1 (HISP-1) demonstr.ted antiv.r.l effects. HISP-1 was demonstr.ted to effect ear.y stages in HSv.1 infection in cultur.d v.r. cells (attachment, penetr.tion, and post-penetr.tion). In silico modeling analyses wer. conducted to analyze the inter.ctions between HISP-1 and v.r.l glycopr.tein D (gD). HISP-1 is safe at concentr.tions tested and is effectiv. in inhibiting infection of HSv.1 in cultur.d cells. HISP-1 has potential for.ther.peutic use as an antiv.r.l against HSv.1 infection, could wor. in syner.y with other.antiv.r.ls that wor. be a differ.nt modality, and could be dev.loped as a component of a topical agent to r.duce the spr.ad of HSv.1 infections.

关键词： Hispolon Her.es Simplex v.r.s-1 Antiv.r.l Cur.umin

Obser.ation about the Classical Electr.magnetic Gauge Tr.nsfor.ation and Its Quantum Cor.espondence

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Jour.al of Moder. Physics 2024年第4期15卷 474-479页

作者： Gustav. v. López Jor.e A. Lizar.aga Depar.amento de Física Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara Mexico

Using the Landau and symmetr.c gauges for.the v.ctor.potential of a constant magnetic field and the quantum pr.blem of a char.ed par.icle mov.ng on a flat sur.ace, we show the classical electr.magnetic gauge tr.nsfor.ation does not cor.espond to a one-dimensional unitar. gr.up tr.nsfor.ation U(1) of the wav. function for.the quantum case. In addition, with the r.-examination of the r.lation between the magnetic field B and its v.ctor.potential A, we found that, in or.er.to hav. a consistent for.ulation of the dynamics of the char.ed par.icle with both expr.ssions, we must hav. that B=∇×A if and only if B≠0.

关键词： Gauge Tr.nsfor.ation Har.onic Oscillator Quantum Hall Effect Electr.magnetic Potentials

Polyur.thane Hybr.d-Based Wood Adhesiv.: r.v.ew

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Open Jour.al of Polymer.Chemistr. 2024年第1期14卷 41-62页

作者： r.hul Khandagale Sainath Gadhav. r.v.ndr. v. Gadhav. Super.Bond Adhesiv.s Pr.v.te Limited Thane India

Based on commer.ially av.ilable polyv.nyl alcohol (Pv.) stabilised polyv.nyl acetate (Pv.c), emulsion adhesiv.s ar. neither.heat nor.moistur.-r.sistant and show weak str.ngth at high r.lativ. humidity and high temper.tur.s. Pr.- or.post-cr.sslinking is another.method used to manufactur. a conv.ntional v.nyl-based homopolymer. or.copolymer. system with impr.v.d water.r.sistance. v.nyl neodecanoate (v.ov.), N-methylolacr.lamide (NMA), Methacr.lamide, methacr.lic acid (MAA), and other.self-cr.sslinking comonomer. ar. typically inser.ed to pr.duce highly water.r.sistant v.nyl based homopolymer. or.copolymer.. Additionally, or.anic cr.sslinker. like glyoxal, glutar.ldehyde, citr.c acid, tar.ar.c acid, and the like, as well as inor.anic cr.sslinker. like acidic metal salts like aluminium chlor.de, aluminium nitr.te, bor.c acid, and the like, can be used to pr.par. the highly water.r.sistant v.nyl based homopolymer. or.copolymer.. It is also possible to combine the self-cr.sslinking comonomer. with the or.anic cr.sslinker.. r.cently, a differ.nt hybr.d chemistr. has been dev.loped that impr.v.s lap shear.str.ngth, has outstanding water.r.sistance, good dur.bility, and doesn’t r.quir. any additional cr.sslinker.agents. Two distinct polymer. wer. combined to dev.lop hybr.d polymer.. They usually inv.lv. mixing an or.anic polymer.with a polymer. Ther. ar. many capping agents that ar. used for.polyur.thanes to pr.duce acr.lics that ar. capped with polyur.thane and used as an oligomer.in Pv.c wood glue. Her., in this paper. we r.v.ewed the differ.nt hybr.d chemistr. based on polyur.thane chemistr. for.wood bonding applications.

关键词： v.nyl Acetate Hybr.d Polyur.thane Wood Adhesiv.

Activ. and passiv. modulation of solar.light tr.nsmittance in a uniquely multifunctional dual-band single molecule for.smar. window applications

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Jour.al of Ener.y Chemistr. 2024年第1期88卷 293-305,I0007页

作者： Pooja v.Chav.n Pr.mod v.r.thod Joohyung Lee Ser.ei v.Kostjuk Her. Kim Depar.ment of Ener.y Science and Technology Environmental Waste Recycle InstituteMyongji UniversityYonginGyeonggi-do 17058Republic of Korea Depar.ment of Chemical Engineer.ng Myongji UniversityYonginGyeonggi-do 17058Republic of Korea r.sear.h Institute for.Physical Chemical Pr.blems of the Belar.sian State Univ.r.ity MinskBelarus

Functional mater.als may change color.by heat and electr.city separ.tely or.simultaneously in smar. *** mater.als hav. not only demonstr.ted r.mar.able potential in the modulation of solar.r.diation but ar. also leading to the dev.lopment of indoor.env.r.nments that ar. mor. comfor.able and conduciv. to impr.v.ng indiv.duals'quality of ***,dual-r.sponsiv. mater.als hav. not r.ceiv.d ample r.sear.h attention due to economic and technological *** a consequence,the br.ader.utilization of smar. windows faces *** addr.ss this new gener.tional multistimulus r.sponsiv. chr.mic mater.als,our.gr.up has adopted a dev.lopmental str.tegy to cr.ate a poly(NIPAM)n-Hv.as a switchable mater.al by anchor.ng activ. v.ologen(Hv.onto a phase-changing poly(NIPAM)n-based smar. mater.al for.better.utility and *** constr.cted smar. windows facilitate indiv.dualistic r.v.r.ible switching,fr.m a highly tr.nspar.nt state to an opaque state(ther.ochr.mic)and a r.d state(electr.chr.mic),as well as facilitate a simultaneous dual-stimuli r.sponse r.v.r.ible switching fr.m a clear.tr.nspar.nt state to a fully opaque(ther.ochr.mic)and or.nge(electr.chr.mic)*** pr.v.cy can be attained in smar. windows designed for.exclusiv. settings by achiev.ng zer. *** unique chr.mic mode oper.tes independently and modulates v.sible and near.infr.r.d(NIr.light in a distinct ***,these smar. windows with ther.al and electr.c dual-stimuli r.sponsiv.ness demonstr.te r.mar.able heat r.gulation capabilities,r.nder.ng them highly attr.ctiv. for.applications in building facades,ener.y har.esting,pr.v.cy pr.tection,and color.display.

关键词： Smar. windows Ther.ochr.mism Electr.chr.mism Ener.y sav.ng Dual-r.sponsiv. mater.al

Need for.oper.tional simplicity and timely disbur.al of benefits—a qualitativ. explor.tion of the implementation of a dir.ct benefit tr.nsfer.scheme for.per.ons with tuber.ulosis in India

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第3期13卷 1-15页

作者： Mohan Malu Thangar.j Jer.mie W. v. Pandey Sumit Pr.ya G. Sr. Lakshmi Ar.nachalam Siv.v.llinathan Shar.a r.hul Shewade Hemant Deepak Aishwar.a B. Afeeq K. Khatoon Afsana Gokulv.jay B. Sir.esha Gude Chandr. Kav.ta Nandhakumar.S. Samuel Pr.nce v.swanathan C. Nanditha Shanmugasundar.m Dev.ka r.o r.ghur.m Mur.ekar.Manoj v. Jeyashr.e Kathir.san Indian Council of Medical r.sear.h-National Institute of Epidemiology R-127 TNHB Ayapakkam Chennai Tamil Nadu India TB Suppor. Networ. WHO Country Office for India New Delhi India Centr.l Tuber.ulosis Div.sion Government of India New Delhi India

Backgr.und Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana (NPY) is a dir.ct benefit tr.nsfer.scheme of the Gov.r.ment of India intr.duced in 2018 to suppor. the additional nutr.tional r.quir.ments of per.ons with TB (PwTB). Our.r.cent nationwide ev.luation of implementation and utilization of NPY using pr.gr.mmatic data of PwTB fr.m nine r.ndomly selected Indian states, r.por.ed a 70% cov.r.ge and high median delay in benefit cr.dit. We under.ook a qualitativ. study between Januar. and July 2023, to under.tand the detailed implementation pr.cess of NPY and explor. the enabler. and bar.ier. to effectiv. implementation and utilization of the NPY *** We followed a gr.unded theor. appr.ach to inductiv.ly dev.lop theor.tical explanations for.social phenomena thr.ugh data gener.ted fr.m multiple sour.es. We conducted 36 in-depth inter.iews of national, distr.ct and field-lev.l staff of the National Tuber.ulosis Elimination Pr.gr.mme (NTEP) and NPY beneficiar.es fr.m 30 distr.cts acr.ss nine states of India, selected using theor.tical sampling. An analytical fr.mewor. dev.loped thr.ugh inductiv. coding of a set of six inter.iews, guided the coding of the subsequent inter.iews. Categor.es and themes emer.ed thr.ugh constant compar.son and the data collection continued until theor.tical *** Stakeholder. per.eiv.d NPY as a beneficial initiativ.. Str.ng political commitment fr.m the state administr.tion, mainstr.aming of NTEP wor. with the distr.ct public healthcar. deliv.r. system, av.ilability of good geogr.phic and inter.et connectiv.ty and state-specific gr.ev.nce r.dr.ssal mechanisms and innov.tions wer. identified as enabler. of implementation. Howev.r. the complex, multi-lev.l benefit appr.v.l pr.cess, difficulties in accessing banking ser.ices, per.eiv.d inadequacy of benefits and ov.r.or.ed human r.sour.es in the NTEP wer. identified as bar.ier. to implementation and *** The optimal utilization of NPY is enabled by str.ng political commitment and

关键词： National Tuber.ulosis Elimination Pr.gr.mme Nutr.tional status Dir.ct benefit tr.nsfer Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana Implementation Cash tr.nsfer.scheme Gr.unded theor. India

Unr.v.lling-based (auto)contr.l of back-action in atomic Bose–Einstein condensate

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Fr.ntier. of physics 2024年第4期19卷 287-295页

作者： v.A.Tomilin L.v.Il’ichov Institute of Automation and Electr.metr. SB r.S 630090 NovosibirskRussia

We pr.sent a nov.l feedback contr.l method for.quantum *** does not affect the contr.lled system ***,it contr.ls the unr.v.lling of the quantum channel of inter.ction between the system and its *** inter.ction can be r.pr.sented as a histor. of *** their.infor.ational content is changed,their.back-action on the system is also *** action is tr.gged by the ev.nts,thus gr.nting the system the degr.e of contr.l ov.r.its own *** efficiency of the pr.posed scheme is demonstr.ted on the example of two-mode atomic Bose-Einstein condensate,with one of its modes subject to phase-contr.st imaging in a Mach–Zehnder.*** histor.es of photocounts in the output channels of the inter.er.meter.ar. used for.*** capabilities of state engineer.ng ar. studied for.differ.nt settings of the feedback loop and differ.nt number. of ev.nts in the r.cor.ed histor.es.

关键词： quantum feedback contr.l quantum measur.ments twomode Bose-Einstein condensates

ChatGPT: Application in Chemistr. Education and Challenges

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Jour.al of Computer.and Communications 2024年第3期12卷 196-206页

作者： v.adimir.L. Kodkin Ekater.na v. Ar.em’ev. Power.Engineer.ng Faculty South Ural State University Chelyabinsk Russia Depar.ment of Chemistr. Institute of Natural Sciences South Ural State University Chelyabinsk Russia

The paper.discusses the adv.ncements and applications of neur.l networ.s, specifically ChatGPT, in v.r.ous fields, including chemistr. education and r.sear.h. It examines the benefits of AI and ChatGPT, such as their.ability to pr.cess and analyze lar.e amounts of data, cr.ate per.onalized tr.ining systems, and offer.pr.blem-solv.ng r.commendations. The paper.delv.s into pr.ctical applications, showcasing how ChatGPT can be utilised to augment chemistr. lear.ing. It pr.v.des examples of using ChatGPT for.cr.ating tests, gener.ting multiple-choice questions, and studying chemistr. in gener.l. Concer.s ar. v.iced about the ethical and societal impact of AI dev.lopment. In conclusion, it explor.s the exciting potential of AI to tackle challenges that may exceed human capabilities alone, pav.ng the way for.fur.her.explor.tion and collabor.tion between humans and intelligent machines.

关键词： ChatGPT 3.5 Ar.ificial Intelligence AI for.Education Computer.Based Lear.ing

Supplementation of v.tamin E or.a botanical extr.ct as antioxidants to impr.v. gr.wth per.or.ance and health of gr.wing pigs housed under.ther.oneutr.l or.heat-str.ssed conditions

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Jour.al of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1101-1118页

作者： Ysenia v.Silv.‑Guillen Consuelo Ar.llano Jeffr.y Wieger. r.Dean Boyd Gabr.ela E.Mar.inez Er.c v.n Heugten Depar.ment of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Depar.ment of Statistics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Depar.ment of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Animal Nutr.tion r.sear.h LLCAlvatonKY 42122USA.

Backgr.und Heat str.ss has sev.r. negativ. consequences on per.or.ance and health of pigs,leading to significant economic *** objectiv. of this study was to inv.stigate the effects of supplemental v.tamin E and a botanical extr.ct in feed or.dr.nking water.on gr.wth per.or.ance,intestinal health,and oxidativ. and immune status in gr.w-ing pigs housed under.heat str.ss *** Duplicate exper.ments wer. conducted,each using 64 cr.ssbr.d pigs with an initial body weight of 50.7±3.8 and 43.9±3.6 kg and age of 13-week and 12-week,***(n=128)wer. housed indiv.dually and assigned within weight blocks and sex to a 2×4 factor.al ar.angement consisting of 2 env.r.nments(ther.o-neutr.l(21.2℃)or.heat-str.ssed(30.9℃))and 4 supplementation tr.atments(contr.l diet;contr.l+100 IU/L of D-α-tocopher.l in water.contr.l+200 IU/kg of DL-α-tocopher.l-acetate in feed;or.contr.l+400 mg/kg of a botanical extr.ct in feed).r.sults Heat str.ss for.28 d r.duced(P≤0.001)final body weight,av.r.ge daily gain,and av.r.ge daily feed intake(-7.4 kg,-26.7%,and-25.4%,r.spectiv.ly)but no effects of supplementation wer. detected(P>0.05).Ser.m v.tamin E incr.ased(Pv.tamin E supplementation in water.and in feed(1.64 v..3.59 and 1.64 v..3.24),but not for.the botanical extr.ct(1.64 v..1.67 mg/kg)and was gr.ater.when supplemented in water.***(P=0.002).Liv.r.v.tamin E incr.ased(Pv.tamin E supplementations in water.3.9 v..31.8)and feed(3.9 v..18.0),but not with the botanical extr.ct(3.9 v..4.9 mg/kg).Ser.m malondialdehyde was r.duced with heat str.ss on d 2,but incr.ased on d 28(inter.ction,Pr.ater.Pr.antioxidant supplementation compar.d to *** pr.lifer.tion was r.duced(P=0.037)in the jejunum under.heat str.ss,but incr.ased in the ileum when v.tamin E was supplemented in feed and water.under.heat str.ss(inter.ction,P=0.04).Tumor.necr.sis factor.αin jejunum and ileum mucosa decr.ased by heat str.ss(Pr.

关键词： Botanical extr.ct Gr.wing pigs Heat str.ss Immune status Oxidativ. status Tocopher.l Water