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The Str.tegic For. of Quantum Pr.soner.' Dilemma

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Chinese Physics Letter. 2013年第5期30卷 4-9页

作者： Ahmad nawaz National Centr. for.Physics Quaid-i-Azam University CampusIslamabad 45320Pakistan

In a nor.al for., pr.soner.' dilemma (PD) is r.pr.sented by a payoff matr.x showing player.' str.tegies and payoffs. To obtain the distinguishing tr.it and str.tegic for. of PD, cer.ain constr.ints ar. imposed on the elements of its payoff matr.x. We quantize PD by a gener.lized quantization scheme to analyze its str.tegic behavior.in the quantum domain. The game star.s with a gener.l entangled state of the for. |ψ>=cos(ξ/2)|00>+sin(ξ/2)|11> and the measur.ment for.payoffs is per.or.ed in entangled and pr.duct bases. We show that for.both measur.ments, ther. exist r.spective cutoff values of entanglement of the initial quantum state up to which the str.tegic for. of the game r.mains intact. Beyond these cutoffs the quantized PD behaves like the chicken game (CG) up to another.cutoff value. For.the measur.ment in the entangled basis the dilemma is r.solved for.sinξ >1/7 with Q⊗Q as a Nash Equilibr.um (NE). However. the quantized game behaves like PD when sinξ >1/3;wher.as in the r.nge 1/7r.the measur.ment in the pr.duct basis the quantized PD behaves like classical PD for.sin^(2)(ξ/2) r.gion 1/3

关键词： bases behave str.tegic

Quantum State Tomogr.phy and Quantum Games

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Chinese Physics Letter. 2012年第3期29卷 37-40页

作者： Ahmad nawaz National Centr. for.Physics Quaid-i-Azam University CampusIslamabadPakistan

A technique is developed for.single qubit quantum state tomogr.phy using the mathematical setup of gener.lized quantization scheme for.*** this technique,Alice sends an unknown pur. quantum state to Bob who appends it with|0>r. oper.tor. on the appended quantum state and finds the payoffs for.Alice and *** is shown that for.a par.icular.set of unitar. oper.tor.,these payoffs ar. equal to Stokes par.meter. for.an unknown quantum *** this way an unknown quantum state can be measur.d and *** speaking,this technique is not a game as no str.tegic competitions ar. involved.

关键词： state quantum oper.tor.

Synthesis, Cr.stal Str.ctur. and Antibacter.al Activity of 1-((2-Chlor.quinolin-3-yl)-methyl)-pyr.din-2(1H)-one

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Chinese Jour.al of Str.ctur.l Chemistr. 2010年第11期29卷 1612-1617页

作者： S. Mohana r.opan Venkatesha r. Hathwar.F. nawaz Khan Atul Kumar.Kushwaha Or.anic & Medicinal Chemistr. r.sear.h Labor.tor. Organic Chemistry Division School of Advanced Sciences VIT University Solid State and Str.ctur.l Chemistr. Unit Indian Institute of Science

On the basis of the inter.sting str.ctur.s and biological activities exhibited by sever.l heter.cyclic systems possessing the pyr.done nucleus such as mappcine and camptothecin, we have planed to design the synthesis, cr.stal studies and antibacter.al activity of the new 1-（（2- chlor.quinolin-3yl）-methyl）-pyr.dine-2（1H）-one building block. An X-r.y analysis has pr.vided valuable insight into the effect of ster.c factor. on the thr.e-dimensional shape of this compound which ser.es as a useful advanced inter.ediate in the synthesis of these biologically active molecules. A multistep synthesis of camptothecin （5） has been designed by r.tr.synthetic analysis as par. of an ongoing pr.gr.m on lead anticancer.dr.g.

关键词： cr.stal str.ctur. 1-((2-chlor.quinolin-3yl)-pyr.dine-2(1H)-one

Distr.buted Stochastic Secur.ty Constr.ined Unit Commitment for.Coor.inated Oper.tion of Tr.nsmission and Distr.bution System

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CSEE Jour.al of Power.and Ener.y Systems 2021年第4期7卷 708-718页

作者： Aamir.nawaz Hongtao Wang Key Labor.tor. of Power.System Intelligent Dispatch and Contr.l of Ministr. of Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250000China

With the high penetr.tion of r.newable ener.ies in moder. power.systems,deter.inistic coor.ination algor.thms ar. facing two major.pr.blems:one is degr.dation in accur.cy if fewer.scenar.os ar. utilized for.uncer.ainty evaluation while second is the high computational time if a high number.of scenar.os ar. consider.d for.better.accur.cy・In both cases,the efficiency of the algor.thm is degr.ded・To solve these pr.blems in coupled tr.nsmission system and distr.bution systems(TSDS),pr.babilistic coor.ination algor.thms ar. adopted to solve with less *** this paper.a TSDS pr.babilistic coor.ination model is pr.posed to solve the coor.inated secur.ty-constr.ined unit commitment pr.blem.A mean and standar. deviation matching based pr.babilistic analytical tar.et cascading algor.thm has been utilized for.evaluation of TSDS coor.ination *** of solving each scenar.o as a separ.te pr.blem,the pr.posed algor.thm consider. a single coor.ination pr.blem with pr.babilistic char.cter.stics as shar.d var.ables and hence,achieves fast conver.ence・Differ.nt case studies ar. per.or.ed to pr.ve the efficacy of the pr.posed *** ver.fy that the pr.posed algor.thm r.duces computational time and r.sour.es for.lar.e-scale systems.

关键词： Distr.bution system mean pr.babilistic analytical standar. deviation tar.et Cascading tr.nsmission system

r.sk-awar. Distr.buted Optimal Power.Flow in Coor.inated Tr.nsmission and Distr.bution System

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Jour.al of Moder. Power.Systems and Clean Ener.y 2021年第3期9卷 502-515页

作者： Aamir.nawaz Hongtao Wang Key Labor.tor. of Power.System Intelligent Dispatch and Contr.l of Ministr. of Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250000China

Active distr.bution gr.ds cause bi-dir.ctional power.flow between tr.nsmission system(TS)and distr.bution system(DS),which not only affects the optimal cost but also the secur. oper.tion of the power.*** paper.pr.poses a hybr.d coor.ination method to solve the r.sk-awar. distr.buted optimal power.flow(r.-DOPF)pr.blem in coor.inated TS and *** oper.tion r.sk evaluation,the weather.based contingencies ar. consider.d in both TS and DS.A hybr.d coor.ination method is developed that entails analytical tar.et cascading(ATC)and Bender. decomposition(BD).Mor.over.the r.sk-awar. optimal power.flow(r.OPF)in TS and r.sk-based secur.ty-constr.ined optimal power.flow in DS have been per.or.ed using the BD method consider.ng basic optimal power.flow as a master.pr.blem,wher.as N-1 and N-2 contingencies ar. consider.d as *** case studies ar. per.or.ed using the IEEE 30-bus system with gener.tion r.ser.es as a TS and a 13-bus system as a *** r.sults demonstr.te the efficacy of the pr.posed method.

关键词： Analytical tar.et cascading Bender. decomposition distr.bution system pr.ventive and cor.ective contingen-cies r.sk awar.ness tr.nsmission system

Enhanced catalytic complete oxidation of 1,2-dichlor.ethane over.mesopor.us tr.nsition metal-doped γ-Al_2O_3

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 199-209页

作者： Abbas Khaleel Muhammad nawaz Depar.ment of Chemistr. United Arab Emirates University

High-sur.ace-ar.a mesopr.us powder. of γ-Al2O3 doped with Cu^2＋, Cr.3＋, and V^3＋ ions wer. pr.par.d uia a modified sol-gel method and wer. investigated as catalysts for.the oxidation of chlor.nated or.anic compounds. The composites r.tained high sur.ace ar.as and por. volumes compar.ble with those of undoped γ-Al2O3 and the pr.sence of the tr.nsition metal ions enhanced their.sur.ace acidic pr.per.ies. The catalytic activity of the pr.par.d catalysts in the oxidation of 1,2-dichlor.ethane （DCE） was studied in the temper.tur. r.nge of 250-400℃. The catalytic activity and pr.duct selectivity wer. str.ngly dependent on the pr.sence and the type of dopant ion. While Cu^2＋- and Cr.3＋-containing catalysts showed 100% conver.ion at 300℃ and 350℃, V3＋-containing catalyst showed consider.bly lower.conver.ion. Fur.her.or., while the major.pr.ducts of the r.actions over.γ-alumina wer. vinyl chlor.de （C2H3Cl） and hydr.gen chlor.de （HCl） at all temper.tur.s, Cu- and Cr.doped catalysts showed siguiticantly str.nger.capability for.deep oxidation to CO2.

关键词： Chlor.nated or.anic compounds Catalytic oxidation Sol-gel method Mixed metal oxides

Gender.dispar.ties and woman-specific tr.nds in Bar.ett’s esophagus in the United States:An 11-year.nationwide populationbased study

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Wor.d Jour.al of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 60-71页

作者： Kar.na Fatakhova Faisal Inayat Hassam Ali Pr.tik Patel Attiq Ur.r.hman Ar.lan Afzal Muhammad Sar.r.z Shiza Sar.r.z Gul nawaz Ahtshamullah Chaudhr. r.baid Dhillon Ar.hur.Dilibe Benjamin Glazebnik Lindsey Jones Emily Glazer Division of Gastr.enter.logy and Hepatology Mather Hospital and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra UniversityPort JeffersonNY 11777United States Depar.ment of Inter.al Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan Division of Gastr.enter.logy and Hepatology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Division of Gastr.enter.logy and Hepatology Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes-BarrePA 18711United States Depar.ment of Inter.al Medicine East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Depar.ment of Inter.al Medicine St.Dominic's HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States Depar.ment of Gastr.enter.logy Hepatologyand NutritionCleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Depar.ment of Inter.al Medicine Mather Hospital and Hofstra University ZuckerSchool of MedicinePort JeffersonNY 11777United States

BACKGr.UND Bar.ett's esophagus(BE)is a known pr.malignant pr.cur.or.to esophageal adenocar.inoma(EAC).The pr.valence r.tes continue to r.se in the United States,but many patients who ar. at r.sk of EAC ar. not *** pr.ctice guidelines include male gender.as a pr.disposing factor.for.BE and *** population-based clinical evidence r.gar.ing female gender.r.mains *** To study compar.tive tr.nds of gender.dispar.ties in patients with BE in the United *** A nationwide r.tr.spective study was conducted using the 2009-2019 National Inpatient Sample(NIS)*** with a pr.mar. or.secondar. diagnosis code of BE wer. *** major.outcome of inter.st was deter.ining the gender.dispar.ties in patients with *** analysis for.r.spective outcomes for.females was also r.por.ed to ascer.ain any time-based *** We identified 1204190 patients with BE for.the study *** the included patients,717439(59.6%)wer. men and 486751(40.4%)wer. *** mean age was higher.in women than in men(67.1±0.4 vs 66.6±0.3 year.,Pr.te of BE per.100000 total NIS hospitalizations for.males incr.ased fr.m 144.6 in 2009 to 213.4 in 2019(Pr.te for.females incr.ased fr.m 96.8 in 2009 to 148.7 in 2019(Pr. was a higher.fr.quency of obesity among women compar.d to men(17.4%vs 12.6%,Pr.valence among females incr.ased fr.m 12.3%in 2009 to 21.9%in 2019(Pr.pr.valence of smoking was noted in women than in men(20.8%vs 35.7%,Pr.tr.nd analysis showed an incr.asing pr.valence of smoking among women,fr.m 12.9%in 2009 to 30.7%in 2019(Pr. was a lower.pr.valence of alcohol abuse,Helicobacter.pylor.(***),and diabetes mellitus among females than males(Pr.nd analysis showed an incr.asing pr.valence of alcohol use disor.er.and a decr.asing pr.valence of *** and diabetes mellitus among women(Pr.valence of BE among

关键词： Bar.ett’s esophagus Gender.dispar.ty Epidemiological tr.nds Esophageal adenocar.inoma Scr.ening endoscopy Female gender r.sk factor.

EFFECT OF THE COMPOSITION OF m-Cr.SOL/H_2O SOLVENT ON HYDr.DYNAMIC Pr.PEr.IES OF NYLON 6

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Chinese Jour.al of Polymer.Science 2006年第4期24卷 369-377页

作者： Musa Kaleem Baloch Mohsan nawaz Depar.ment of Chemistr.

The intr.nsic viscosity [η], Huggins constant （Ku）, [η]0, α^3 and flow activation ener.y values of nylon 6 have been measur.d in wateηm-cr.sol （0/100-20/80） systems at differ.nt temper.tur.s （20-60℃）. It has been found that the intr.nsic viscosity, [η]0 and α^3 incr.ase with the incr.ase in water.contents in m-cr.sol up to 15% and then decr.ase. They incr.ase with the incr.ase in temper.tur. ir.espective of solvent composition. It has been noted that the per.ent incr.ase of α^3 is the highest at 60℃ and the lowest at 20℃ for.a par.icular.solvent system. The intr.nsic viscosity data obey Ar.henius equation over.the consider.d conditions. The activation ener.y and the KH values decr.ase ver. shar.ly with the addition of water. giving a minimum value at 15% of water.and then incr.ase slowly. The var.ation of all the par.meter. has been explained in ter.s of var.ation in ther.odynamic quality of solvent with the addition of water.to m-cr.sol and change in temper.tur., r.sulting in the change of confor.ational and or.entational pr.per.ies of polymer.molecules. This change of solvent quality also r.sults in var.ation of selective sor.tion of solvent over.the polymer. such as hydr.gen bonding, etc.

关键词： Intr.nsic viscosity Huggins constant Ther.odynamic quality of solvent Activation ener.y Hydr.gen bonding Confor.ation Selective sor.tion.

Influence of absor.er.doping in a-SiC:H/a-Si:H/a-SiGe:H solar.cells

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Jour.al of Semiconductor. 2012年第4期33卷 1-6页

作者： Muhammad nawaz Ashfaq Ahmad Univer.ity Gr.duate Centr.(UNIK) Gunnar Randers Vei 19P.O.Box 70N-2027 KjellerNorway COMSATs Institute of Infor.ation Technology Off-Raiwand RoadLahore-54000Pakistan

This wor. deals with the design evaluation and influence of absor.er.doping for.aSi：H/aSiC：H/a SiGe：H based thinfilm solar.cells using a twodimensional computer.aided design （TCAD） tool. Var.ous physical par.meter. of the layer.d str.ctur., such as doping and thickness of the absor.er.layer. have been studied. For.r.liable device simulation with r.alistic pr.dictability, the device per.or.ance is evaluated by implementing nec essar. models （e.g., sur.ace r.combinations, ther.ionic field emission tunneling model for.car.ier.tr.nspor. at the heter.junction, Schokleyr.ad Hall r.combination model, Auger.r.combination model, bandgap nar.owing ef fects, doping and temper.tur. dependent mobility model and using Fer.iDir.c statistics）. A single absor.er.with a gr.ded design gives an efficiency of 10.1% for.800 nm thick multiband absor.tion. Similar.y, a tandem design shows an efficiency of 10.4% with a total absor.er.of thickness of 800 nm at a bandgap of 1.75 eV and 1.0 eV for.the top aSi and bottom aSiGe component cells. A moder.te ndoping in the absor.er.helps to impr.ve the efficiency while p doping in the absor.er.degr.des efficiency due to a decr.ase in the Voc （and fill factor. of the device.

关键词： solar.cells modeling TCAD amor.hous silicon HIT cells