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Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutr.tional Supplement (DSNS) on Glycemic r.sponse in Pr.diabetic Adults: A Two-Ar.ed, Open-Labelled r.ndomized Contr.lled Study

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Food and Nutr.tion Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 612-643页

作者： Deepti Khanna Kejal Joshi r.ddy Hema S. Gopalan Jaladhi bhatt Jayanti Gupta Simr.n Sethi Par.h Joshi Manoj Par.ek Depar.ment of r.D Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Mumbai India Cliantha r.sear.h Ahmedabad India

It is well known that Diabetes Specific Nutr.tional Supplements (DSNSs) ar. linked to impr.ved glycemic contr.l in individuals with diabetes. However. data on efficacy of DSNSs in pr.diabetics is limited. This was a two-ar.ed, open-labelled, r.ndomized contr.lled six-week study on 199 pr.diabetics [30 - 65 year.;Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 5.7% - 6.4% and/or.Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) 100-125 mg/dl]. Two par.llel phases wer. conducted: Acute Blood Glucose r.sponse (ABGr. and Inter.ention phase. Pr.diabetic par.icipants wer. r.ndomized into test (n = 100) and contr.l (n = 99). The pr.mar. objective was to assess the ABGr.of DSNS ver.us an isocalor.c snack, measur.d by incr.mental Ar.a under.the Cur.e (iAUC). Test and contr.l r.ceived 60 g of DSNS and 56 g of isocalor.c snack (cor.flakes) r.spectively, both in 250 ml double-toned milk on visit days 1, 15, 29 and 43. Postpr.ndial Blood Glucose (PPG) was estimated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. Dur.ng the 4 weeks inter.ention phase, the test gr.up r.ceived DSNS with lifestyle counselling (DSNS + LC) and was compar.d with the contr.l r.ceiving lifestyle counselling alone (LC alone). Impact was studied on FBG, HbA1C, anthr.pometr., body composition, blood pr.ssur., nutr.ent intake, and physical activity. The impact of DSNS was also studied using CGM between two 14-day phases: CGM1 baseline (days 1 - 14) and CGM2 endline (days 28 - 42). DSNS showed significantly lower.PPG ver.us isocalor.c snack at 30 (p 12, and chr.mium wer. r.por.ed by DSNS + LC ver.us LC alone. No other.significant changes wer. r.por.ed between gr.ups. It may be concluded that DSNS may be consider.d as a snack for.pr.diabetic or.hyper.lycemic individuals r.quir.ng nutr.tional suppor. for.impr.ved glycemic contr.l.

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutr.tional Supplement Pr.diabetes Acute Blood Glucose r.sponse Incr.mental Ar.a under.Cur.e Lifestyle Counselling

Population str.ctur. and r.gener.tion patter.s of tr.e species in climate-sensitive subalpine for.sts of Indian wester. Himalaya

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Jour.al of For.str. r.sear.h 2014年第2期25卷 343-349页

作者： Sanjay Gair.la r. S. r.wal N. P. Todar.a Ar.ind bhatt School of Agr.cultur.l Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville Campus G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Envir.nment and Development Depar.ment of For.str. and Natur.l r.sour.es H.N.B. Garhwal University School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalWestville Campus

The population str.ctur. of tr.e species has been explor.d in or.er.to elucidate r.gener.tion potential of the subalpine for.sts of Indian wester. Himalaya. For.this study, the subalpine for.st ar.a was divided into thr.e str.ta, i.e., lower.altitude （〈3000 m）; mid-altitude （3000-3200 m）; and high altitude （〉3200m）. Consider.ng the major.compositional attr.butes, an incr.ase in altitude came with a significant decline in tr.e density and the total basal ar.a for.all the sites. However. no such clear.tr.nds wer. obser.ed for.r.cr.its （i.e., seedlings and saplings）. Seedling density did not exhibit unifor. patter.s for.sites and altitude str.ta. In gener.l, over.ll seedling density was gr.ater.at the Pindar. site compar.d to the Lata and Tungnath sites. By compar.son, significant var.ation in seedling density along the altitude str.ta was r.cor.ed for.the Tungnath and Pindar. sites only. Likewise, sapling density patter.s var.ed acr.ss the sites and altitude str.ta, and significant var.ation in sapling density along the altitude str.ta was r.cor.ed only for.the Lata site. At the Pin- daft site, the continuous incr.ase in sapling density along with incr.asing altitude was r.vealing. The Pindar. for.sts of exhibited expanding population str.ctur.. In contr.st, gr.ater.accumulation of individuals in the sapling class and shar. decline towar. both higher.tr.e classes and lower.seedling classes was gener.lly appar.nt for.the Lata and Tungnath sites. This indicates that the r.placement in tr.e size classes fr.m sapling stage is not pr.por.ional and the population may decline in the long-ter.. Consider.ble var.ation in patter.s of for.st and dominant species popula- tion str.ctur. wer. evident acr.ss altitude str.ta. But in all cases ir.espective of sites, we found gr.wth at the high-altitude str.tum, in the for. of entir. for.sts or.dominant species. This tr.nd deser.es fur.her.investigation to explor. its r.levance under.changing climate scenar.os.

关键词： population str.ctur. r.gener.tion subalpine for.st altitude

Evaluation of Human Impacts on Bar.lett Pond Ecosystem, Lar.do, Souther. Texas, USA, thr.ugh Empir.cal Modeling

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Pr.tection 2024年第4期15卷 497-526页

作者： Maya P. bhatt Amede r.bio Ganesh B. Malla Cr.stobal Lopez Vir.inia Mor.les Er.ck Vazquez Cano David Mar.uez Or.ando Ber.men Alvar.z Alfr.d Addo-Mensah Depar.ment of Biology and Chemistr. Texas A&M International University Laredo USA Depar.ment of Mathematics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Batavia USA

The tr.ce elements chemistr. of Bar.lett Pond, a small shallow wetland pond in Lar.do, Souther. Texas, was sampled to evaluate the dynamics of tr.ce elements impacts on water.quality and ecosystems ecology of the pond. Two types of fish (bass and tilapia) wer. also sampled to see the tr.ce element accumulation in differ.nt par.s of their.body. The concentr.tions of tr.ce elements in water.samples wer. found in the following or.er. Fe ≫Sb > Pb > As ≫Co > Tl > Cr.> Cd within Bar.lett Pond. Over.ll, the water.quality of the pond is unacceptable for.dr.nking and any other.pur.oses as tr.ce element concentr.tions (e.g. As, Cd, Co, Cr. Pb, Fe, Sb and Tl) ar. exceedingly higher.(sever.l fold) than the WHO and US EPA guidelines. Pr.dictive and cor.elation analysis shows that most tr.ce elements exhibit a str.ng positive cor.elation among them indicating the same anthr.pogenic sour.es and biogeochemical pr.cesses r.gulate these tr.ce elements within the pond. Distr.butions of the tr.ce elements in water.exhibit differ.nt shapes mostly as positively skewed distr.bution for.As, Cd, Co, Cr. and Tl, symmetr.cal distr.bution for.Fe and almost symmetr.cal distr.bution for.Pb and Sb. Concentr.tions of As, Co and Tl accumulated much higher.in differ.nt par.s of the Bass than Tilapia fish. The concentr.tions of As, Tl, Co, and Sb appear.d significantly higher.in differ.nt par.s of the body of both Bass and Tilapia than the maximum Sr. cer.ified values. Accumulation of these contaminants in fish tissues pose incr.ased health r.sks to humans who consume these contaminated fish although fishing is pr.hibited. Anthr.pogenic activities in the r.gion pr.mar.ly degr.de the whole pond ecosystem ecology of the Bar.lett Pond and water. of this pond to be not r.commended for.any use. These findings may be useful for.the scientific community and concer.ed author.ties to impr.ve under.tanding about these pr.cious natur.l r.sour.es and conser.ation of the ecosystem ecology.

关键词： Tr.ce Elements Bar.lett Pond Lar.do Souther. Texas Wetlands Ecosystem Ecology

High-temper.tur. ther.odynamics of silver.Semi-empir.cal appr.ach

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第11期26卷 400-407页

作者： r.H Joshi B Y Thakor. P r.Vyas A r.Jani N K bhatt Depar.ment of Physics Sardar Patel University Depar.ment of Physics School of Sciences Gujarat University Sar.ar.Patel Center.for.Science and Technology Depar.ment of Physics M.K.Bhavnagar University

We r.por. high-temper.tur. ther.odynamics for.fcc silver.by combining ab initio phonon dynamics to empir.cal quadr.tic temper.tur.-dependent ter. for.anhar.onic par. of Helmholtz fr.e ener.y. The electr.nic fr.e ener.y is added thr.ugh an inter.olation scheme, which connects ambient condition fr.e electr.n gas model to Thomas-Fer.i *** pr.sent study shows good agr.ement with exper.mental and r.por.ed findings for.sever.l ther.al pr.per.ies, and the discr.pancy obser.ed in some calor.c pr.per.ies is addr.ssed. The decr.ases in the pr.duct of volume ther.al expansion coefficient and isother.al bulk modulus and in the constant volume anhar.onic lattice specific heat at high temper.tur. ar. the clear.evidences of pr.per.account of anhar.onicity. The pr.sent study also r.veals that T-2-dependent anhar.onic fr.e ener.y is sufficient for.cor.ect evaluation of ther.al pr.ssur. and conventional Gr.neisen par.meter. We obser.e that the intr.nsic phonon anhar.onicity star.s dominating above char.cter.stic temper.tur., which is attr.buted to higher.or.er.anhar.onicity and can be r.lated to higher.or.er.potential der.vatives. We conclude that the uncor.elated and lar.eamplitude lattice vibr.tions at high temper.tur. r.ise dominating intr.nsic ther.al str.ss mechanism, which sur.asses the phonon-anhar.onism and r.quir.s futur. consider.tion.

关键词： ther.odynamics anhar.onicity Gr.neisen par.meter.silver

Eco-physiological studies on deser. plants: ger.ination of Halothamnus ir.qensis Botsch. seeds under.differ.nt conditions

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Jour.al of Ar.d Land 2019年第1期11卷 75-85页

作者： Ar.ind bhatt Nar.yana r.BHAT Valentina MUr.U ANDr.a SANTO Kuwait Institute for.Scientific r.sear.h Univer.ity of Cagliar. Independent r.sear.her

With the aim to investigate if the halophyte Halothamnus ir.qensis Botsch. can be suitable for.r.-vegetation and r.mediation of salt-affected lands, this study evaluated(1) the effects of photoper.od, ther.oper.od, stor.ge per.od and wings' pr.sence on its seed ger.ination, and(2) the ability of its seeds to have successful ger.ination r.cover. after.salt str.ss. Ger.ination tests in differ.nt photoper.ods(12 h light/12 h dar.ness and total dar.ness) and ther.oper.ods(15℃/20℃ and 20℃/25℃) wer. conducted for.seeds collected in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. The seeds collected in 2016 wer. sown under.differ.nt salinity levels(0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 m M Na Cl) to assess the salinity toler.nce dur.ng the ger.ination. Wings' pr.sence highly inhibited seed ger.ination of this species in both photoper.ods and ther.oper.ods under.all salinity level tr.atments. In addition, the ger.ination r.cover. occur.ed well when seeds wer. depr.ved of their.wings. The photoper.od of 12 h light/12 h dar.ness and the ther.oper.od of 15℃/20℃ wer. the best conditions for.seed ger.ination. Ger.ination per.entages of H. ir.qensis seeds decr.ased with the incr.asing stor.ge dur.tion, especially after.thr.e year. of the collection. In addition, H. ir.qensis seeds wer. able to ger.inate under.differ.nt salinity levels, and their.ger.ination per.entages decr.ased with incr.asing salinity levels. H. ir.qensis seeds have the ability to r.cover.their.ger.ination after.alleviating the salt str.ss, ir.espective of photoper.od, highlighting the halophilous char.cter.of this species.

关键词： wings’ pr.sence stor.ge per.od photoper.od ther.oper.od salt str.ss Halothamnus ir.qensis Botsch

Physical pr.per.ies of lunar.cr.ter.

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r.sear.h in Astr.nomy and Astr.physics 2017年第3期17卷 23-38页

作者： Maitr. P. Joshi Kushal r.bhatt r.jmal Jain Shr. Maneklal M.Patel Institute of Sciences and r.sear.h Kadi Sarva VishwavidhyalayaGandhinagar-382015India

The sur.ace of the Moon is highly cr.ter.d due to impacts of meteor.tes, aster.ids, comets and other.celestial objects. The or.gin, size, str.ctur., age and composition var. among cr.ter.. We study a total of 339 cr.ter. obser.ed by the Lunar.r.connaissance Or.iter.Camer. （Lr.C）. Out of these 339 cr.ter., 214 cr.ter. ar. known （named cr.ter. included in the IAU Gazetteer.of Planetar. Nomenclatur.） and 125 cr.ter. ar. unknown （cr.ter. that ar. not named and objects that ar. absent in the IAU Gazetteer.. We employ images taken by Lr.C at the Nor.h and South Poles and near.side of the Moon. We r.por. for.the fir.t time the study of unknown cr.ter., while we also r.view the study of known cr.ter. conducted ear.ier.by pr.vious r.sear.her.. Our.study is focused on measur.ments of diameter. depth, latitude and longitude of each cr.ter.for.both known and unknown cr.ter.. The diameter.measur.ments ar. based on consider.ng the Moon to be a spher.cal body. The Lr.C website also pr.vides a plot which enables us to measur. the depth and diameter. We found that out of 214 known cr.ter., 161 cr.ter. follow a linear.r.lationship between depth （d） and diameter.（D）, but 53 cr.ter. do not follow this linear.r.lationship. We study physical dimensions of these 53 cr.ter. and found that either.the depth does not change significantly with diameter.or.the depths ar. extr.mely high r.lative to diameter.（conical）. Similar.y, out of 125 unknown cr.ter., 78 cr.ter. follow the linear.r.lationship between depth （d） and diameter.（D） but 47 cr.ter. do not follow the linear.r.lationship. We pr.pose that the cr.ter. following the scaling law of depth and diameter. also popular.y known as the linear.r.lationship between d and D, ar. for.ed by the impact of meteor.tes having heavy metals with lar.er.dimension, while those with lar.er.diameter.but less depth ar. for.ed by meteor.tes/celestial objects having low density mater.al but lar.er.diameter. The cr.ter. with ver. high depth and with ver. small d

关键词： Moon meteor.tes meteor. meteor.ids- planets and satellites: sur.aces

Ther.ophysical pr.per.ies of ir.dium at finite temper.tur.

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第11期25卷 404-411页

作者： Pr.yank Kumar.N K bhatt P r.Vyas V B Gohel Depar.ment of Science Government PolytechnicGandhinagar Depar.ment of Physics Sardar Patel University Depar.ment of Physics School of Science Gujarat University

The bulk pr.per.ies of mater.als in an extr.me envir.nment such as high temper.tur. and high pr.ssur. can be under.tood by studying anhar.onic effects due to the vibr.tion of lattice ions and ther.ally excited *** this spir.t,in the pr.sent paper.anhar.onic effects ar. studied by using the r.cently pr.posed mean-field potential（MFP） appr.ach and Mer.in functional which ar.se due to the vibr.tion of lattice ions and ther.ally excited electr.ns,*** MFP exper.enced by a wander.r.atom in the pr.sence of sur.ounding atoms is constr.cted in ter.s of cold ener.y using the local for. of the *** have calculated the temper.tur. var.ation of sever.l ther.ophysical pr.per.ies in an extr.me envir.nment up to melting *** r.sults of our.calculations ar. in excellent agr.ement with the exper.mental findings as well as the theor.tical r.sults obtained by using fir.t pr.nciple *** conclude that pr.sently used conjunction scheme（MFP＋pseudo potential） is simple computationally,tr.nspar.nt physically,and accur.te in the sense that the r.sults gener.ted ar. compar.ble and sometimes better.than the r.sults obtained by fir.t pr.nciple *** pseudopotential used is tr.nsfer.ble to extr.me envir.nment without adjusting its par.meter..

关键词： extr.me exper.enced melting pr.sently excited ther.ally sometimes under.tood compar.ble conclude

Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutr.tion Supplement on Glycemic, Anthr.pometr.c, Dietar. and Gut Health Mar.er. in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: An r.T

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Food and Nutr.tion Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 846-867页

作者： Deepti Khanna Hema S. Gopalan Kuzhandaivelu Abir.mi Vasudevan Sudha r.jagopal Gayatr. Kejal Joshi-r.ddy Jaladhi bhatt r.man Ganesh Jeevan Kar.hikeyan Par.avi Vadivel Deepika Manoj Par.ek r.njit Mohan Anjana Viswanathan Mohan r.D Depar.ment Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Depar.ment of Foods Nutrition & Dietetics Research Madras Diabetes Research Foundation Chennai India Depar.ment of Diabetology Dr. Mohans Diabetes Specialities Centre Chennai India

With incr.asing incidence of diabetes, use of diabetes specific nutr.tion supplements (DSNS) is common for.better.management of the disease. To study effect of 12-week DSNS supplementation on glycemic mar.er., anthr.pometr., lipid pr.file, SCFAs, and gut micr.biome in individuals with diabetes. Mar.er. studied wer. glycemic [Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Post Pr.ndial Glucose (PPG), HbA1c, Incr.mental Ar.a under.cur.e (iAUC), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excur.ions (MAGE), Time in/above r.nge (TIr.TAr.], anthr.pometr. [weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist cir.umfer.nce (WC)], lipid pr.file, diet and gut health [plasma shor. chain fatty acids (SCFAs)]. N = 210 adults wer. r.ndomized to r.ceive either.DSNS with standar. car. (DSNS + SC;n = 105) or.standar. car. alone (SC alone;n = 105). After.12 weeks, significant differ.nces between DSNS + SC ver.us SC alone was obser.ed in FBG [−3 ± 6 vs 14 ± 6 mg/dl;p = 0.03], PPG [−35 ± 9 vs −3 ± 9 mg/dl;p = 0.01], weight [−0.6 ± 0.1 vs 0.2 ± 0.1 kg;p = 0.0001], BMI [−0.3 ± 0.1 vs 0.1 ± 0.1 kg/m2;p = 0.0001] and WC [−0.3 ± 0.2 vs 0.2 ± 0.2 cm;p = 0.01]. HbA1C and low-density lipopr.tein (LDL) wer. significantly r.duced in DSNS + SC [−0.2 ± 0.9;p = 0.04 and −5 mg/dl;p = 0.03] r.spectively with no change in contr.l. Continuous Glucose Monitor.ng (CGM) r.por.ed significant differ.nces between DSNS + SC ver.us SC alone for.mean glucose [−12 ± 65 vs 28 ± 93 mg/dl;p r.180 [−9 ± 42 vs 7 ± 45 mg/dl;p = 0.04], TAr.250 [−3 ± 27 vs 9 ± 38 mg/dl;p = 0.05], iAUC [−192 (1.1) vs −48 (1.1) mg/dl;p = 0.03]. MAGE was significantly r.duced for.both DSNS + SC (−19 ± 67;p r.duction being mor. pr.nounced for.DSNS + SC. DSNS + SC r.por.ed a decr.ase in car.ohydr.te ener.y % [−9.4 (−11.3, −7.6) %;p r.ased dietar. fiber.[9.5 (7.2, 11.8) g;p r.tein ener.y % [0.9 (0.5, 1.3) %;p r.us SC alone. DSNS + SC r.por.ed signi

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutr.tion Supplement Standar. of Car. Diabetes Glycemic Mar.er. HbA1C

Bir. assemblages in natur.l and ur.anized habitats along elevational gr.dient in Nainital distr.ct （wester. Himalaya） of Uttar.khand state, India

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Cur.ent Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 318-329页

作者： Dinesh bhatt Kamal Kant JOSHI Avian Diver.ity and Bioacoustics Lab Department of Zoology and Environmental Science Gurukula Kangri University Harid- war 249 404 Uttarakhand India

The Indian subcontinent is amongst the biologically better.known par.s of the tr.pics and its bir. fauna has been well documented. However. avian community composition and diver.ity along elevational gr.dients and amongst habitat types r.mains unclear.in India. We attempted to estimate bir. assemblages in ter.s of diver.ity, species composition, status and abun- dance in ur.an and for.st habitats of Nainital distr.ct of Uttar.khand （350-2450 m asl; 29N）, Wester. Himalayas. We sampled differ.nt elevational gr.dients and to under.tand the effect of ur.anization and season on avian community composition. Field studies wer. conducted dur.ng Januar. 2005 to Januar. 2007. r.sults indicated that the for.st had mor. complex bir. community str.ctur. in ter.s of higher.species r.chness （14.35 vs 8.69）, higher.species diver.ity （Shannon＇s index 4.00 vs 3.54）, higher.evenness （0.838 vs 0.811） and mor. r.r. species （17 vs 5） as compar.d to ur.an habitat. However. the abundance of 11 species was higher.in ur.an habitats. Bir. Species r.chness （BSr. var.ed consider.bly among study ar.as （91 to 113 species）, was high- est （113 species） at mid elevation （1450-1700 m asl） and decr.ased （22 species） at high elevation （1900-2450 m asl）. It seems that high BSr.at mid altitudes is not caused by the pr.sence of a gr.up of mid altitude specialists but r.ther.that ther. is an over. lap in the distr.bution of low land and high elevation specialists at this altitude. BSr.and Bir. Species Diver.ity fluctuated acr.ss seasons but not habitat type [Cur.ent Zoology 57 （3）： 318-329,2011].

关键词： Avian biodiver.ity Wester. Himalaya Ur.anization