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Soil Str.ngth Char.cter.stics Along an Ar.ble Er.ded Slope

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Pedospher. 2005年第6期15卷 739-745页

作者： PENG Xin-Hua ZHANG Bin ZHAO Qi-Guo r. horn State Key Labor.tor. of Soil and Sustainable Agr.cultur. Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008 （China） Institute of Plant Nutr.tion and Soil Science CAU Kiel Olshausenstr 40 D-24118 Kiel （Germany）

Undistur.ed soil cor.s wer. taken fr.m differ.nt slope positions (upslope, backslope and footslope) and soil depths (0-15, 20-35 and 100-115 cm) in a soil catena der.ved fr.m Quater.ar. r.d clay to deter.ine the spatial changes in soil str.ngth along the er.ded slope and to evaluate an indicator.to deter.ine soil str.ngth dur.ng compaction. Pr.compr.ssion str.ss, as an indicator.of soil str.ngth, significantly incr.ased fr.m topsoil layer.to subsoil layer.(P r.(20-35 cm), the pr.compr.ssion str.ss at the footslope position was significantly gr.ater.than at the backslope and upslope positions (P r. wer. no significant differ.nces at 0-15 and 100-115 cm. Pr.compr.ssion str.ss followed the spatial var.ation of soil clay content with soil depth and had a significant linear.r.lationship with soil por.sity (r. = 0.40, P r.ased with incr.asing soil clay content. The pr.compr.ssion str.ss was significantly r.lated to the applied str.ss cor.esponding to the highest change of por. water.pr.ssur. (r. = 0.69, P r.sults suggested that soil str.ngth induced by soil er.sion and soil management var.ed spatially along the slope and the maximum change in por. water.pr.ssur. dur.ng compaction could be an easy indicator.to descr.be soil str.ngth.

关键词：土壤侵蚀保水力孔隙水压土壤退化

Seasonal Development of Micr.bial Activity in Soils of Nor.her. Nor.ay

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Pedospher. 2005年第6期15卷 716-727页

作者： M. BLTEr.N. SOETHE r. horn C. UHLIG Institut für.Polar.kologie Christian-Albrechts-Universitt zu Kiel Wischhofstr. 1-3 D-24148 Kiel (Germany). de Institut für.Pflanzener.hr.ng und Bodenkunde Christian-Albrechts-Universitt zu Kiel Olshausenstr. 40 D-24098 Kiel (Germany) Holt r.sear.h Centr. The Norwegian Crop Research Institute N-9292 Tromsφ(Norway)

Seasonal development of soil micr.bial activity and bacter.al biomass in sub-polar.r.gions was investigated to deter.ine the impacts of biotic and abiotic factor., such as or.anic matter.content, temper.tur. and moistur.. The study was per.or.ed dur.ng spr.ng thaw fr.m thr.e cultivated meadows and two non-cultivated for.st sites near.Alta, in nor.her. Nor.ay. Samples fr.m all five sites showed incr.asing r.spir.tion r.tes dir.ctly after.the spr.ng thaw with soil r.spir.tion activity best r.lated to soil or.anic matter.content. However. distr.butions of bacter.a] biomass showed fewer.similar.ties to these two par.meter.. This could be explained by var.ations of litter.exploitation thr.ugh the biomass. Micr.bial activity star.ed immediately after.the thaw while r.ot gr.wth had a longer.time lag. An influence of r.ot development on soil micr.bes was pr.posed for.sites wher. micr.or.anisms and r.ots had a tight r.lationship caused by a mor. intensive r.ot str.ctur.. Also a r.duction of micr.bial activity due to soil compaction in the samples fr.m a wheel tr.ck could not be obser.ed under.labor.tor. conditions. New methodological appr.aches of differ.ntial staining for.live and dead or.anisms wer. applied in or.er.to follow changes within the micr.bial community. Under.labor.tor. conditions fr.eze and thaw cycles showed a damaging influence on par.s of the soil bacter.a. Additionally, differ.nt patter.s for.active vs. non-active bacter.a wer. noticeable after.fr.eze-thaw cycles.

关键词：挪威土壤微生物季节变化细菌压实作用

Glyphosate r.sistance in Giant r.gweed (<i>Ambr.sia tr.fida</i>L.) fr.m Mississippi Is Par.ly Due to r.duced Tr.nslocation

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Amer.can Jour.al of Plant Sciences 2015年第13期6卷 2104-2113页

作者： Vijay K. Nandula Alice A. Wr.ght Chr.stopher.r. Van horn William T. Molin Phil Westr. Kr.shna N. r.ddy Cr.p Pr.duction Systems r.sear.h Unit U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Stoneville MS USA Depar.ment of Bioagr.cultur.l Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA

A giant r.gweed population fr.m a glyphosate-r.sistant (Gr. soybean field in Mississippi, USA was suspected to be r.sistant to glyphosate. Gr.enhouse and labor.tor. studies wer. conducted to confir. and quantify the magnitude of glyphosate r.sistance in a r.sistant biotype selected fr.m this population and to elucidate possible physiological and molecular.mechanisms of glyphosate r.sistance. Glyphosate dose r.sponse studies indicated that ED50 (effective dose r.quir.d to r.duce plant gr.wth by 50%) values for.glyphosate-r.sistant (Gr.MS) and glyphosate-susceptible (GS-MS) biotypes, based on per.ent injur., wer. 0.52 and 0.34 kg ae/ha glyphosate, r.spectively, indicating a 1.5-fold level of r.sistance in Gr.MS. The absor.tion patter. of 14C-glyphosate in the two giant r.gweed biotypes was similar.thr.ughout the measur.d time cour.e of 168 h after.tr.atment (HAT). The amount of 14C-glyphosate that tr.nslocated out of tr.ated leaves of the Gr.MS and GS-MS plants was similar.up to 24 HAT. However. the GS-MS biotype tr.nslocated mor. (71% and 76% of absor.ed at 48 and 96 HAT, r.spectively) 14C-glyphosate than the Gr.MS biotype (44% and 66% of absor.ed at 48 and 96 HAT, r.spectively) out of the tr.ated leaf. No tar.et site mutation was identified at the Pr.106 location of the EPSPS gene of the Gr.MS biotype. The mechanism of r.sistance to glyphosate in giant r.gweed fr.m Mississippi, at least, is due to r.duced glyphosate tr.nslocation.

关键词： Absor.tion EPSPS Giant r.gweed Glyphosate Her.icide r.sistance Tr.nslocation

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黑帽研讨会:看穿你的竞争对手

Endoscopic ultr.sound-guided por.al pr.ssur. gr.dient identifies patients with pr.viously undiagnosed clinically significant por.al hyper.ension

商业评论 2024年第7期 120-126页

作者：约翰·霍恩石小竹圣路易斯华盛顿大学奥林商学院

你若有机会跟国际象棋大师对弈,很可能会沮丧地发现,自己的每一步精心谋划都被对方严密封死或者强力反击.商场如棋局,你在与竞争对手的较量中很可能也有同样的遭遇:无论你的设想多么出色,到了付诸实施的时候,总会发现对方已经先下手为强...

你若有机会跟国际象棋大师对弈,很可能会沮丧地发现,自己的每一步精心谋划都被对方严密封死或者强力反击.商场如棋局,你在与竞争对手的较量中很可能也有同样的遭遇:无论你的设想多么出色,到了付诸实施的时候,总会发现对方已经先下手为强,或者早有妙算遏制你的战略部署,下一步棋就会把你"将死".

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Por.al Hyper.ension & Cir.hosis 2024年第2期3卷 67-74页

作者： Jer.me C.Edelson Scott F.D.Edelson John G.Quiles Cyr.s V.Edelson Er.c M.Montminy Chr.stian L.horn John P.Magulick Don C.r.ckey Depar.ment of Gastr.enter.logy and Hepatology Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA Depar.ment of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA Depar.ment of Medicine Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA John H.Str.ger.Jr.Hospital of Cook County ChicagoIllinoisUSA Digestive Disease r.sear.h Center Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Aims:Por.al hyper.ension(PH)is a complication of cir.hosis that leads to hepatic *** the por.al pr.ssur. gr.dient(PPG)pr.vides valuable infor.ation for.disease assessment,staging,and *** this study,we aimed to r.por. the utilization of endoscopic ultr.sound(EUS)-guided PPG(EUS-PPG)measur.ments in a r.al-wor.d ***:This r.tr.spective analysis included patients at a ter.iar. car. center.who under.ent EUS-PPG between Febr.ar. 2021 and May *** most common indication was to establish or.exclude the diagnosis of cir.hosis,followed by an assessment of sur.ical r.sk in the setting of suspected *** demogr.phic and clinical data wer. collected,and statistical analysis was per.or.ed using the Student's t ***:Eighteen patients under.ent *** success was achieved in 17 of the 18 *** complications wer. *** mean scor.s of Child-Pugh,Model for.End-Stage Liver.Disease-Sodium,and Fibr.sis-4 scor.s wer. 5.1±0.5,9.0±3.0,and 3.7±4.5,*** the 18 patients,two pr.sented with esophageal var.ces and six with por.al hyper.ensive *** mean PPG was 5.8±4.5 mmHg,and five patients exhibited clinically significant PH(CSPH).Of the 18 patients,15 under.ent concur.ent EUS-liver.biopsy,which was 100%successful and pr.vided diagnostic histology for.all *** PPG data led to changes in the clinical management of 17 ***:EUS-PPG is safe and technically *** Child-Pugh scor. did not cor.elate well with the pr.sence of CSPH;however.PPG measur.ments r.sulted in changes in the management of almost all *** studies cor.elating EUS-PPG with other.assessments of liver.diseases ar. r.quir.d.

关键词： EUS por.al hyper.ension por.al pr.ssur. gr.dient

Dysfunction of the adhesion G pr.tein-coupled r.ceptor.latr.philin 1(ADGr.1/LPHN1)incr.ases the r.sk of obesity

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Signal Tr.nsduction and Tar.eted Ther.py 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba Zabr.Tor.ten Schöneber. Andr.Nguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied Kathar.na Botter.ann Jana Br.ndler.Judith Haendeler.Susanne horn Isabell Kaczmar.k Antje Kör.er.Ker.tin Kr.use Kathr.n Landgr.f Diana Le Duc Laur. Lehmann Stefan Lehr.Stephanie Pick Alber. r.cken r.ne Schnor. Angela Schulz Mar.ina Str.adová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabr. Tor.ten Schöneber. Dor.en Thor.Simone Pr.mel r.dolf Schönheimer.Institute of Biochemistr. Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for.Clinical Biochemistr. and Pathobiochemistr. Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Ger.an Center.for.Diabetes r.sear.h(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Car.iovascular.Degener.tion Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Car.iovascular.r.sear.h Institute(CAr.D) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Phar.acology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center.for.Pediatr.c r.sear.h Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for.Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Depar.ment of Endocr.nology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with sever. health consequences and r.pidly incr.asing wor.dwide *** the complex networ. of food intake and ener.y balance r.gulation is an essential pr.r.quisite for.phar.acological inter.ention with obesity.G pr.tein-coupled r.ceptor.(GPCr.)ar. among the main modulator. of metabolism and ener.y ***,for.instance,r.gulate appetite and satiety in cer.ain hypothalamic neur.ns,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hor.one secr.tion fr.m *** in some GPCr.,such as the melanocor.in r.ceptor.type 4(MC4r.,have been associated with ear.y-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GPCr.latr.philin 1(ADGr.1/LPHN1)as a member.of the r.gulating networ. gover.ing food intake and the maintenance of ener.y *** of the highly conser.ed r.ceptor.in mice r.sults in incr.ased food consumption and sever. obesity,accompanied by dysr.gulation of glucose ***,we identified a par.ially inactivating mutation in human ADGr.1/LPHN1 in a patient suffer.ng fr.m ***,we pr.pose that LPHN1 dysfunction is a r.sk factor.for.obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

Viscoelasticity and shear.r.sistance at the aggr.gate scale of str.ctur.d and or.anic car.on-fr.e Cher.ozems

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Pedospher. 2023年第5期33卷 754-764页

作者： Chr.stoph HAAS r.iner.horn Philipp SAGGAU r.iner.DUTTMANN Institute for.Plant Nutr.tion and Soil Science University of KielKiel 24118Germany Depar.ment of Geogr.phy Division of Landscape Ecology and Geoinformation SciencesUniversity of KielKiel 24118Germany

Soil r.eology char.cter.ses the flow behaviour.of soils at the par.icle-par.icle to aggr.gate *** sweep tests(ASTs)ar. often the method of choice for.par.meter.zing soil flow pr.per.ies,such as the shear.str.in values at the end of the linear.viscoelastic r.nge(i.e.,the defor.ation is mainly elastic)and at the yield point(i.e.,elastic equals plastic defor.ation).Samples fr.m seven soil pr.files and five soil depths of Cher.ozems,collected in the Maidanetske study ar.a,close to Uman City of Ukr.ine,wer. analysed to evaluate the effect of soil or.anic car.on(SOC)on the par.meter. r.lated to soil micr.str.ctur.l stability der.ved fr.m *** or.anic car.on was r.moved with H_(2)O_(2)to deter.ine the soil textur.-dependent values of soil r.eological pr.per.ies,which wer. compar.d to the values deter.ined for.samples with intact water.stable *** shear.r.sistance-r.lated par.meter. incr.ased for.aggr.gated soil samples compar.d to SOC-fr.e soil samples,indicating an incr.ase in soil stability due to *** contr.st,the values of the over.ll viscoelasticity and the shear.str.in wer. r.duced for.aggr.gated soil samples,indicating decr.ased soil *** functions wer. applied to pr.dict the shear.str.in-dependent loss and stor.ge moduli and shear.str.ss values as a function of SOC *** par.icles(630–2000μm)and volumetr.c water.content impr.ved the *** conclude that incr.ased SOC content,thr.ugh the gluing and cementing effects of SOC and alter.d aggr.gate shapes compar.d to SOC-fr.e soil mater.als,contr.butes to higher.micr.str.ctur.l ***,the incr.ased water.content in the SOC-containing soil samples r.ver.ed soil str.ngthening *** was due to the fact that a mor. r.pid incr.ase in positive water.pr.ssur. under.shear.str.ss weakened the samples and the spher.cal aggr.gates began to r.tate mor. easily,thus loosing ener.y,when compar.d to platy par.icles of the SOC-fr.e soil mater.als.

关键词： aggr.gation r.eology shear.str.in shear.str.ss soil or.anic car.on depletion soil stability

Delineation of biomar.er. and molecular.pathways of r.sidual effects of fluoxetine tr.atment in juvenile r.esus monkeys by pr.teomic pr.filing

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Zoological r.sear.h 2023年第1期44卷 30-42页

作者： Yu Yan Dong Ik Par. Anja horn Mar. Golub Chr.stoph W.Tur.k Pr.teomics and Biomar.er. Max Planck Institute of PsychiatryMunich 80804Germany Ludwig-Maximilians-Univer.ität Chair of Vegetative AnatomyInstitute of AnatomyFaculty of MedicineMunich 80336Germany Depar.ment of Envir.nmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Fluoxetine(Pr.zac^(TM))is the only antidepr.ssant appr.ved by the US Food and Dr.g Administr.tion(FDA)for.the tr.atment of major.depr.ssive disor.er.MDD)in *** its consider.ble efficacy as a selective ser.tonin r.uptake inhibitor.the possible long-ter. effects of fluoxetine on br.in development in childr.n ar. poor.y *** the cur.ent study,we aimed to delineate molecular.mechanisms and pr.tein biomar.er. in the br.ins of juvenile r.esus macaques(Macaca mulatta)one year.after.the discontinuation of fluoxetine tr.atment using pr.teomic and phosphopr.teomic *** identified sever.l differ.nces in pr.tein expr.ssion and phosphor.lation in the dor.olater.l pr.fr.ntal cor.ex(DLPFC)and cingulate cor.ex(CC)that cor.elated with impulsivity in animals,suggesting that the GABAer.ic synapse pathway may be affected by fluoxetine *** in combination with the identified pathways contr.bute to a better.under.tanding of the mechanisms under.ying the chr.nic effects of fluoxetine after.discontinuation in childr.n.

关键词： Major.depr.ssive disor.er Fluoxetine r.esus monkeys Pr.teomics GABAer.ic synapse

Fir.t genome-wide association study of 99 body measur.s der.ved fr.m 3-dimensional body scans

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第3期9卷 777-788页

作者： Andr.as Kuhnapfel Peter.Ahner. Katr.n horn Holger.Kir.ten Mar.us Loeffler.Mar.us Scholz Institute for.Medical Infor.atics Statistics and Epidemiology(IMISE)Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityHartelstrafte 16-18Leipzig 04107Germany LIFE r.sear.h Center.for.Civilization Diseases Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityPhilipp-Rosenthal-Strafie 27Leipzig 04103Germany Integr.ted r.sear.h and Tr.atment Center.IFB) Adiposity DiseasesUniversity Medical CenterLeipzig UniversityPhilipp-Rosenthal-Strafle 27Leipzig 04103Germany

Body height,body mass index,hip and waist cir.umfer.nce ar. impor.ant r.sk factor. or.outcome var.ables in clinical and epidemiological r.sear.h with complex under.ying ***,these classical anthr.pometr.c tr.its r.pr.sent only a ver. limited view on the human body and other.tr.its with potentially higher.functional specificity ar. not yet studied to a lar.er.*** of LIFE-Adult wer. assessed by thr.e-dimensional body scanner.VITUS XXL deter.ining 99 high-quality anthr.pometr.c tr.its in *** was per.or.ed by Axiom Genome-Wide CEU 1 Ar.ay Plate micr.ar.ay technology and imputation was done using 1000 Genomes phase 3 r.fer.nce *** phenotype and genetic infor.ation ar. available for.a total of 7,562 *** her.tabilities wer. estimated for.height tr.its(maximum her.tability with h2=44%for.neck height)and 61 tr.its achieved values lar.er.than 20%.By genome-wide analyses,we identified 16 loci associated with at least one of the 99 *** of these loci wer. not descr.bed for.association with classical anthr.pometr.c tr.its so *** str.ngest novel association was obser.ed for.7p14.3(r.11979006,P=2.12×10^(-9))for.the tr.it Back Width with ZNr.2 as the most plausible candidate *** established for.association with classical anthr.pometr.c tr.its wer. subjected to anthr.pometr.c phenome-wide association *** the r.por.ed 709 loci,211 *** with body scanner.tr.its(enr.chment:Or.1.96,P=1.08×10^(-61)).We conclude that genetics of 3D laser.based anthr.pometr. is pr.mising to identify novel loci and to impr.ve the functional under.tanding of established ones.

关键词： 3D-anthr.pometr. Genetic cor.elation GWAS Her.tability PheWAS