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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon j.Brown rafael j.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi r.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

高血压的治疗目标和自我监测:随机对照试验和费用效益分析

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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第6期8卷 382-382页

作者： r j mcmanus j Mant A roalfe r A Oakes S Bryan H M Pattison F D r Hobbs 杜昕

目的：评价在初级保健中，让高血压患者自己掌握降压治疗目标并进行自我监测是否会改善患者的血压控制，同时评价这一干预措施对患者的保健方式、焦虑情绪、降压药物应用和治疗费用的影响以及患者愿意选择的治疗方式。设计：随机对照临... 详细信息

目的：评价在初级保健中，让高血压患者自己掌握降压治疗目标并进行自我监测是否会改善患者的血压控制，同时评价这一干预措施对患者的保健方式、焦虑情绪、降压药物应用和治疗费用的影响以及患者愿意选择的治疗方式。设计：随机对照临床试验。背景：英国伯明翰南部的8个全科医生诊所。参加者：441例在初级保健中接受治疗，但血压水平尚未控制在140/85 mmHg以下的高血压患者。干预：干预组患者自己掌握降压治疗目标，有测量血压的工具，如患者的血压水平多次高于目标值，他们可以去请教全科医生或护士。对照组患者接受常规治疗(血压监测由医生完成)。主要的观察指标：初级终点：6个月和1年后干预组和对照组收缩压的变化。次级终点：健康生活方式的改变、焦虑情绪、降压药物的应用、治疗费用以及患者愿意采用哪种血压监测方式。结果：400例患者(91%)完成了1年的随访。在入选6个月后，干预组收缩压显著降低，平均相差4.3 mmHg(95%可信区间0.8 mmHg ～ 7.9 mmHg)，但1年后，两组间的差别消失，平均相差2.7 mmHg(-1.2 mmHg ～ 6.6 mmHg)。舒张压水平、焦虑、健康生活方式和服用降压药物数在两组间没有显著差别。干预组患者体重下降高于对照组(体重指数下降)，就诊的次数低于对照组。干预组患者的治疗费用并不显著高于对照组[干预组251英镑，合437美元或364欧元(95%可信区间233～275英镑)对240英镑(217～263英镑)]。结论：进行血压自我监测的患者在6个月后血压轻度降低，并达到了显著性差异，但血压降低持续的时间不到1年。自我监测血压可以被患者很好的接受，这样做不会加重患者的焦虑情绪，也不会显著增加患者的治疗费用。让患者自己监测血压是可行的，血压控制水平与接受常规血压监测者相当。

关键词：高血压患者治疗目标费用效益分析随机对照试验自我监测初级保健血压控制保健方式干预措施焦虑情绪

How location and cellular signaling combine to activate the NLrP3 inflammasome

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第11期19卷 1201-1214页

作者： Anil Akbal Alesja Dernst Marta Lovotti Matthew S.j.Mangan róisín M.mcmanus Eicke Latz Institute of Innate Immunity University Hospital BonnUniversity of Bonn53127 BonnGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases 53127 BonnGermany Department of Infectious Diseases&Immunology UMass Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01605USA Centre of Molecular Inflammation research Norwegian University of Science and Technology7491 TrondheimNorway

NOD-,Lrr-,and pyrin domain-containing 3(NLrP3)is a cytosolic innate immune sensor of cellular stress signals,triggered by infection and sterile *** detection of an activating stimulus,NLrP3 transitions from an inactive homo-oligomeric multimer into an active multimeric inflammasome,which promotes the helical oligomeric assembly of the adaptor molecule *** oligomers provide a platform for caspase-1 activation,leading to the proteolytic cleavage and activation of proinflammatory cytokines in the IL-1 family and gasdermin D,which can induce a lytic form of cell *** studies investigating both the cellular requirement for NLrP3 activation and the structure of NLrP3 have revealed the complex regulation of NLrP3 and the multiple steps involved in its *** review presents a perspective on the biochemical and cellular processes controlling the assembly of the NLrP3 inflammasome with particular emphasis on structural regulation and the role of *** also highlight the latest research on metabolic control of this inflammatory pathway and discuss promising clinical targets for intervention.

关键词： NLrP3 Inflammasome Mechanism Localization Structure regulation

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher j.O’Connell Matthew j.robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA james L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger Samantha j.Holdsworth Alistair j.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi Mātai Medical research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

Incident frailty and cognitive impairment by heart failure status in older patients with atrial fibrillation: the SAGE-AF study

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journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第11期17卷 653-658页

作者： Wei-jia WANG Darleen Lessard jane Saczynski robert j Goldberg Alan S.Go Tenes Paul Ely Gracia David D mcmanus Department of Medicine University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA Department of Pharmacy and Health System Sciences Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Division of research Kaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA

Background Atrial fibrillation(AF) and heart failure(HF) frequently co-occur in older individuals. Among patients with AF, HF increases risks for stroke and death, but the associations between HF and incident cognition and physical impairment remain unknown. We aimed to examine the cross-sectional and prospective associations between HF, cognition, and frailty among older patients with AF. Methods The SAGE-AF(Systematic Assessment of Geriatric Elements in AF) study enrolled 1244 patients with AF(mean age 76 years, 48% women) from five practices in Massachusetts and Georgia. HF at baseline was identified from electronic health records using ICD-9/10 codes. At baseline and 1-year, frailty was assessed by Cardiovascular Health Survey score and cognition was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. results Patients with prevalent HF(n = 463, 37.2%) were older, less likely to be non-Hispanic white, had less education, and had greater cardiovascular comorbidity burden and higher CHA2 DS2 VASC and HAS-BLED scores than patients without HF(all P's riable adjusted regression models, HF(present vs. absent) was associated with both prevalent frailty(adjusted odds ratio [a Or]: 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.64-3.46) and incident frailty at 1 year(a Or: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.37-4.51). HF was also independently associated with baseline cognitive impairment(a Or: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.22-2.11), but not with developing cognitive impairment at 1 year(a Or 1.04, 95%CI: 0.64-1.70). Conclusions Among ambulatory older patients with AF, the co-existence of HF identifies individuals with physical and cognitive impairments who are at higher short-term risk for becoming frail. Preventive strategies to this vulnerable subgroup merit consideration.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Cognitive impairment Heart failure Frailty

Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia S.rex David j.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National Science Foundation(NSF),the NEI,the Blue ridge Institute for Medical research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ArVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael j.Lee ryota L.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:The brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).The structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua jo jonggeol Na j.jay Liu Young-ju Kim Wangyun Won Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University resources Engineering Plant research Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USrDSCHArDOLLAr3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy

Hearing loss and cognitive decline among older adults with atrial fibrillation:the SAGE-AF study

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journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第4期17卷 177-183页

作者： Wei-jia WANG Darleen Lessard Hawa Abu David D.mcmanus Tanya Mailhot jerry H.Gurwitz robert j.Goldberg jane Saczynski Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA Department of Pharmacy and Health System Sciences Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Meyers Primary Care Institute University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA

Objective To examine the association between hearing loss and cognitive function cross-sectionally and prospectively among older adults with atrial fibrillation(AF).Methods Patients with AF≥65-year-old(n=1244)in the SAGE(Systematic Assessment of Geriatric Elements)-AF study were recruited from five internal medicine or cardiology clinics in Massachusetts and *** was assessed by a structured questionnaire at *** function was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)at baseline and one *** impairment was defined as score≤23 on the *** associations between hearing loss and cognitive function were examined by multivariable adjusted logistic *** Participants with hearing loss(n=451,36%)were older,more likely to be male,and have depressive symptoms than patients without hearing *** baseline,528(42%)participants were cognitively *** with hearing loss were significantly more likely to have cognitive impairment at baseline[adjusted odds ratio(Or)=1.37,95%confidence interval(CI):1.05–1.81].Among the 662 participants who did not have cognitive impairment at baseline and attended the one-year follow-up visit,106(16%)developed incident cognitive *** with,versus those without,hearing loss were significantly more likely to develop incident cognitive impairment at one year(adjusted Or=1.68,95%CI:1.07–2.64).Conclusions Hearing loss is a prevalent but under-recognized factor associated with cognitive impairment in patients with *** for hearing loss may be indicated among these patients to identify individuals at high-risk for adverse outcomes.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Cognitive function Hearing