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Chip 2024年第3期3卷 21-28页

作者： Pengcheng Ma Kaveh Delfanazari reuben K.Puddy Jiahui Li Moda Cao Teng Yi Jonathan P.griffiths Harvey e.Beere David A.ritchie Michael J.Kelly Charles G.Smith Cavendish Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK James Watt School of engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK electrical engineering Division University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAUK

Themass production and the practical number of cryogenic quantum devices producible in a single chip are limited to the number of electrical contact pads and wiring of the cryostat or dilution *** is,therefore,beneficial to contrast themeasurements of hundreds of devices fabricated in a single chip in one cooldown process to promote the scalability,integrability,reliability,and reproducibility of quantum devices and to save evaluation time,cost and ***,we used a cryogenic on-chip multiplexer architecture and investigated the statistics of the 0.7 anomaly observed on the first three plateaus of the quantized conductance of semiconductor quantum point contact(QPC)*** single chips contain 256 split gate field-effect QPC transistors(QFeT)each,with two 16-branch multiplexed source-drain and gate pads,allowing individual transistors to be selected,addressed and controlled through an electrostatic gate voltage process.A total of 1280 quantum transistors with nano-scale dimensions are patterned in 5 different chips of GaAs *** the measurements of 571 functioning QFeTs taken at temperatures T[1.4 K and T[40 mK,it is found that the spontaneous polarisation model and Kondo effect do not fit our ***,some of the features in our data largely agreed with van Hove model with short-range *** approach provides further insight into the quantum mechanical properties and microscopic origin of the 0.7 anomaly in QFeTs,paving the way for the development of semiconducting quantum circuits and integrated cryogenic electronics,for scalable quantum logic control,readout,synthesis,and processing applications.

关键词： Cryogenic chip Cryogenic quantum multiplexer Semi-conductor quantum integrated circuit Quantumﬁeld effect transistors Quantum point contacts Chip-scale cryogenic electronics

Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport:Associations with Weight Stigma,and Psychological Distress in a Two-Wave Longitudinal Study

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第8期26卷 633-641页

作者： Saffari Mohsen Yi-Ching Lin Po-Ching Huang Yu-Ting Huang ru-Yi Huang Chi Hsien Huang Jung-Sheng Chen Wai Chuen Poon Mark D.griffiths Chung-Ying Lin Health research Center Life Style InstituteBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehran***Iran Health education Department Faculty of HealthBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehran***Iran Department of early Childhood and Family education National Taipei University of EducationTaipei106TaiwanChina School of Physical Therapy Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation ScienceCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan333TaiwanChina Institute of Allied Health Sciences College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan701TaiwanChina Division of Family Medicine Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundationand School of MedicineTzu Chi UniversityHualienTaiwanChina Data Science Degree Program National Taiwan University and Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwanChina Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine E-Da HospitalI-Shou UniversityKaohsiung824TaiwanChina College of Medicine I-Shou UniversityKaohsiung840Taiwan Department of Medical research E-Da HospitalI-Shou UniversityKaohsiung840TaiwanChina Sunway Business School Sunway UniversitySelangor47500Malaysia International Gaming research Unit Psychology DepartmentNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamNG14BUUK Department of Public Health College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan701TaiwanChina Biostatistics Consulting Center National Cheng Kung University HospitalCollege of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan704TaiwanChina Department of Occupational Therapy College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan701TaiwanChina

Background:Physical inactivity is a major public health problem worldwide that results in physical and mental health *** major issue for physical inactivity is weight stigma(WS),especially perceived WS,which could lead to a tendency to avoid physical activity(PA).To better understand the association between perceived WS and PA,knowledge of the likely mediators in this association such as weight bias internalization(WBI)and psychological distress were investigated in the present ***:Using a two-wave longitudinal study and convenient sampling,388 Taiwan residents participants(55%females;mean age=29.7 years[SD±6.3])completed two surveys six months *** mass index(BMI),Perceived Weight Stigma Scale(PWSS),Weight Bias Internalization Scale(WBIS),Depression,Anxiety,Stress Scale(DASS-21),and Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport Scale(TAPAS)were ***:A mediation model controlling for age,gender,and BMI with 5000 bootstrapping resamples was *** WS exerted significant direct effects on WBI(β=0.25;press(β=0.15;p=0.003),and tendency to avoid PA(β=0.10;p=0.027);WBI exerted a significant direct effect on tendency to avoid PA(β=0.47;prdized indirect effects of WBI and psychological distress on the association between perceived WS and tendency to avoid PA were 0.12 and 0.01,***:Given the direct association of perceived WS on the tendency to avoid PA and the mediating role of WBI in this association,interventions addressing perceived WS and WBI may contribute to promoting ***,health interventionists(both when planning and executing PA programs)need to consider weight stigmawhen encouraging physical activity.

关键词： Mediation model physical activity psychological distress weight stigma young adults

Solid-State Metal Additive Manufacturing for Structural repair

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Accounts of Materials research 2021年第9期2卷 780-792页

作者： ryan B.Gottwald r.Joey griffiths Dylan T.Petersen Mackenzie e.J.Perry Hang Z.Yu Department of Materials Science and engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginia 24061United States

CONSPeCTUS:Structural metal components play a vital role in a broad range of industries,from aerospace and automotive to infrastructure and *** service,these components can experience substantial wear,thermal fatigue,erosion,corrosion,or chemical reactions,resulting in significant surface or even volumetric *** of these components is often energy-intensive and economically *** repair,which aims to restore the original geometry while enabling good mechanical performance postrepair,can offset the costs *** on the additive capabilities and bonding mechanisms,structural repair technologies can be divided into four categories:nonadditive,nonmelting-based;nonadditive,melting-based;additive,nonmelting-based;additive,*** melting-based approaches can be applied to various repair geometries with good precision,the underlying melting and solidification processes inevitably lead to crucial problems impacting the mechanical performance,such as solidification porosity,high residual stresses,dendritic microstructure formation,elemental segregation,hot cracking,and stress corrosion *** fundamentally solve or minimize these problems,one may employ solid-state technologies that leverage ultrasonic vibration,friction stirring,or particle impact to facilitate metallurgical bond *** robust geometry restoration,an additive capability needs to be incorporated for continuous material feeding and precise deposition path ***,two solid-state technologies satisfy the requirement,cold spray and additive friction stir *** this Account,we discuss the structural repair enabled by solid-state metal additive manufacturing,focusing on(i)cold spray,which is a relatively established process,and(ii)additive friction stir deposition,which is an emerging process recently triggering significant research effortsthe authors are particularly invested in this process and are pioneering th

关键词： friction solidification corrosion

Soil Nitrogen Availability Is reflected in the Bacterial Pathway

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Pedosphere 2011年第1期21卷 26-30页

作者： V.KrIVTSOV B.S.griffiths K.LIDDeLL A.GArSIDe r.SALMOND T.BeZGINOVA J.THOMPSON6 Centre for the study of environmental Change and Sustainability(CeCS) School of GeoSciencesUniversity of EdinburghWest Mains RoadEdinburgh EH9 3JNScotland(UK) Department of ecology Kharkov State University Teagasc Environment Research Institute Johnstown Castle University of Abertay Dundee SIMBIOSSchool of Science & Engineering royal Museum of Scotland Edinburgh(UK) Hope Hospital Manchester(UK) Scottish Crop research Institute InvergowrieDundeeScotland(UK)

Measurements of concentrations of easily extractable soil nitrogen(N) were carried out on samples collected at the Heron Wood reserve,Scotland,concurrently with investigations of N associated with total microbial biomass and the abundances of bacteria,fungi,and *** biota at the studied site appeared to be limited by *** was a remarkable difference between the ambient(i.e.,easily extractable N) and biomass *** abundance data of bacteria,protozoa and nematodes significantly negatively correlated with ambient N but showed positive correlations with the total microbial N *** were,however,remarkable differences between the correlation patterns exhibited by the fungal and the bacterial pathways,as fungi did not show any correlations with chemical *** differences should be taken into account whilst interpreting biological interactions both at this important site and elsewhere.

关键词： bacteria fungi nematodes protozoa woodland

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Using eViews 3rd

Functionalised Polymers by Surface Modification

2008年

作者： griffiths William e.

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 772-773页

作者： Jon-Paul griffiths M. G. Moloney Chemistry research Laboratory Mansfield Rd University of OxfordOX 3TAUnited KingdomChemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Rd University of OxfordOX 3TAUnited Kingdom

Surface-active polymers are of substantial importance in many diverse aspects of modern technology, with applications ranging from solid phase chemical synthesis related to drug discovery and chemical catalysis to biocompatible/bioactive medical implants and prostheses, and to surface-modified fabrics. Whilst there are a number of existing physical (e. g. corona or plasma discharge, ion beam irradiation[1] ) and chemical (e. ***, oxidation, chlorination, acylation and quaternisation[2-4]) methods for the surface modification of polymers, the frequent requirement for significant infrastructure, harsh reaction conditions, and limitation to specific polymer types (e. g. polybutadiene[5] ), which must possess suitable chemical functionality capable of direct modification, led us to consider alternative chemical methods. Desirable was an alternative that would be amenable to a large range of polymers, permitting direct chemical modification under mild conditions and using inexpensive reagents.

关键词：聚合体表面活性表面修复碳烯合成方法

The complexities underlying age-related macular degeneration： could amyloid beta play an important role？

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Neural regeneration research 2017年第4期12卷 538-548页

作者： Savannah A. Lynn eloise Keeling rosie Munday Gagandeep Gabha Helen griffiths Andrew J.Lotery J.Arjuna ratnayaka Clinical and experimental Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom eye Unit University Southampton NHS Trust Southampton United Kingdom

e-related macular degeneration （AMD） causes irreversible loss of central vision for which there is no effective treatment. Incipient pathology is thought to occur in the retina for many years before AMD manifests from midlife onwards to affect a large proportion of the elderly. Although genetic as well as non-genetic/environmental risks are recognized, its complex aetiology makes it difficult to identify susceptibility, or indeed what type of AMD develops or how quickly it progresses in different individuals. Here we summarize the literature describing how the Alzheimer＇s-linked amyloid beta （Aβ） group of misfolding proteins accumulate in the retina. The discovery of this key driver of Alzheimer＇s disease in the senescent retina was unexpected and surprising, enabling an altogether different perspective of AMD. We argue that Aβ fundamentally differs from other substances which accumulate in the ageing retina, and discuss our latest findings from a mouse model in which physiological amounts of Aβ were subretinally-injected to recapitulate salient features of early AMD within a short period. Our discoveries as well as those of others suggest the pattern of Aβ accumulation and pathology in donor aged/AMD tissues are closely reproduced in mice, including late-stage AMD phenotypes, which makes them highly attractive to study dynamic aspects of Aβ-mediated retinopathy. Furthermore, we discuss our findings revealing how Aβ behaves at single-cell resolution, and consider the long-term implications for neuroretinal function. We propose Aβ as a key element in switching to a diseased retinal phenotype, which is now being used as a biomarker for latestage AMD.

关键词： amyloid beta (Aβ) retinal neurons retina mouse models age related macular degeneration(AMD)

The reproductive performance of female european shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis declines in old age

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The reproductive performance of female European shags Phalac...

AN eXAMINATION OF THe INFLUeNCe OF STABILIZerS ON THe PHOTOCHeMICAL STABILITY OF DISPerSe DYeS

23rd International Ornithological Congress

作者： Margaret e Hall Sarah Wanless richard griffiths Pat Monaghan Dept. of environmental and evolutionary Biology Graham Kerr Building Glasgow University Glasgow G12 8QQ U.K. Centre for ecology and Hydrology Hill of Brathens Banchory Kincardine shire AB31 4BW U.K. Dept. of environmental and evolutionary Biology Graham Kerr Building Glasgow University Glasgow G12 8QQ U.K. Dept. of environmental and evolutionary Biology Graham Kerr Building Glasgow University Glasgow G12 8QQ U.K.

＜正＞ Age-specific improvements in reproductive performance between young, first-time breeders and older, more experienced birds have been described for many species, including the european shag. reports of age-related changes late in life are fewer. Long-term retrap and recovery data have indicated a significant decline in survival after 13 years of age for shags on the Isle of May, southeast Scotland. To assess whether this drop in survival is accompanied by a change in reproductive performance, we monitored the breeding success of known age

关键词： ageing reproductive performance life history european shag

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Journal of China Textile University(english edition) 1991年第2期9卷 9-20页

作者：戴瑾瑾 John griffiths Dept. of Textile Chemical engineering CTU Dept. of Colour Chemistry Uuiversity of Leeds U.K.

There is a powerful market-need for superfast disperse dyes in special use, e.g. for automotivefabrics. The photochemical fading reactions of dyes are often very complicated, and no singlphotodegradation pathway can be involved for all kinds of dyes. To enhance the photostability of the commonly used disperse dyes, a series of tests on the ef-fect of variable stabilizers on the photodegradation rate of nine representative disperse dyes werecarried out both in ethyl acetate solution and on cellulose acetate film. A moderate light sourceemitting above 300 nm was adopted in this study to simulate the photofading under practical appli-cations. The results show that, in solution, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine is the most effectivegeneral stabilizer for all the tested dyes, but on cellulose film, nickel diethyl-dithiocarbamateshows the greatest general protecting effect, and a synergistic effect is observed for special combina-tions of stabilizers.

关键词： dyes stabilizers disperse dyes photodegradation photostabilization