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Zika virus from a Southeast Asian perspective

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第1期10卷 1-5页

作者： Nitwara Wikan Duncan r.smith Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol UniversityThailand Center for Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases Mahidol UniversityThailand

Phylogenic evidence suggests that the strain of Zika virus causing an unprecedented outbreak of disease in the Americas had its origin in Southeast Asia,where reports of isolated cases of Zika virus infection have occurred since 2010,Why there has been no large outbreak of Zika infection in Southeast Asia remains unclear and whether such an outbreak will occur in the future is a question of significant concern,This review looks at Zika virus from a Southeast Asian perspective and highlights some of the possible scenarios with regards to Zika virus in this part of the world as well as highlighting some of the research questions that need to be urgently addressed.

关键词： Aedes Flavivirus Transmission Urban Sylvatic

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Mycetismus:a review

Gastroenterology report 2016年第2期4卷 107-112,I0001页

作者： Michael r.smith robert L.Davis Department of Surgery St.Barnabas HospitalBronxNYUSA Department of Surgery Lutheran Medical CenterBrooklynNYUSA

Although rare,death from amanitin exposure poses a significant health risk and a diagnostic challenge to the clinician due to its *** is one of the few conditions to be voluntarily reported by healthcare *** antidote exists for this poisoning and,perhaps due to its rarity or lack of attention,the United States has lagged behind Europe for almost three decades in treatment,diagnostics and *** regrettable fact warrants the formation of a centralized agency for education,the advancement of research and the collection of data,to provide better treatment for the population.

关键词： amanita phalloides mushroom poisoning amatoxin amanitin vitamin C cimetidine silibinin N-acetylcysteine liver transplantation Ganzert criteria King’s College criteria mycetismus Clichy criteria

Plasmonic-enhanced electrochemical detection of volatile biomarkers with gold functionalized TiO_2 nanotube arrays

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第6期34卷 905-913页

作者： Dhiman Bhattacharyya Pankaj Kumar York r.smith Swomitra K.Mohanty Mano Misra Department of Metallurgical Engineering University of Utah Department of Chemical Engineering University of Utah

Titania nanotubular arrays （TNA） synthesized via electrochemical anodization is a stable and versatile material, widely studied for photocatalytic and sensing applications, whereas nano-sized gold particles are a known plasmonic material. Semiconductor-metal nanocomposites in isolated, embedded, or encapsulated form, when irradiated with proper light frequency can exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance （LSPr） effect. This effect can result in improved light adsorption and electrical properties of a material. In this study, we report the enhanced visible light photo-response of LSPr induced volatile organic biomarker vapor sensing at room temperature using a Au-embedded TNA electrochemical sensor. Two mechanisms are proposed. One based on classical physics （band theory）, which explains operation under non-irradiated conditions. The second mechanism is based on the coupling of classical and quantum physics （molecular orbitals）, and explains sensor operation under irradiated conditions.

关键词： TiO2 nanotube arrays Au particles Surface plasmon resonance Electrochemical sensor

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Ultra-broadband metamaterial absorbers from long to very long infrared regime

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第8期10卷 1462-1473页

作者： Yu Zhou Zheng Qin Zhongzhu Liang Dejia Meng Haiyang Xu David r.smith Yichun Liu State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033 ChangchunJilinChina. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 BeijingChina. Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials research and Key Laboratory of UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education College of PhysicsNortheast Normal University130024 ChangchunChina. Center for Metamaterials and Integrated Plasmonics Duke UniversityP.O.Box 90291DurhamNC 27708USA

Broadband metamaterials absorbers with high absorption,ultrathin thickness and easy configurations are in great demand for many potential *** this paper,we first analyse the coupling resonances in a Ti/Ge/Ti three-layer absorber,which can realise broadband absorption from 8 to 12 *** we experimentally demonstrate two types of absorbers based on the Ti/Ge/Si_(3)N_(4)/Ti *** taking advantage of coupling surface plasmon resonances and intrinsic absorption of lossy material Si_(3)N_(4),the average absorptions of two types of absorbers achieve almost 95%from 8 to 14μm(experiment result:78%from 6.5 to 13.5μm).In order to expand the absorption bandwidth,we further propose two Ti/Si/SiO_(2)/Ti absorbers which can absorb 92%and 87%of ultra-broadband light in the 14-30μm and 8-30μm spectral range,*** findings establish general and systematic strategies for guiding the design of metamaterial absorbers with excellent broadband absorption and pave the way for enhancing the optical performance in applications of infrared thermal emitters,imaging and photodetectors.

关键词： absorber absorption coupling

Aboveground carbon sequestration of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests:Magnitude and drivers

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 32-41页

作者： Chen Wang Shuguang Liu Yu Zhu Andrew r.smith Ying Ning Deming Deng National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry&Ecology in South China Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Conservation and restoration in Dongting Lake Basin Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangsha 410007China College of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China School of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK College of Forestry Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Hunan Prospecting Designing&research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry&IndustryChangsha 410007China

Understanding the spatial variation,temporal changes,and their underlying driving forces of carbon sequestration in various forests is of great importance for understanding the carbon cycle and carbon management *** carbon density and sequestration in various Cunninghamia lanceolata forests,extensively cultivated for timber production in subtropical China,vary with biodiversity,forest structure,environment,and cultural factors remain poorly explored,presenting a critical knowledge gap for realizing carbon sequestration supply potential through *** on a large-scale database of 449 permanent forest inventory plots,we quantified the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of aboveground carbon densities and carbon accumulation rates in Cunninghamia lanceolate forests in Hunan Province,China,and attributed the contributions of stand structure,environmental,and management factors to the heterogeneity using quantile age-sequence analysis,partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM),and hot-spot *** results showed lower values of carbon density and sequestration on average,in comparison with other forests in the same climate zone(i.e.,subtropics),with pronounced spatial and temporal ***,quantile regression analysis using carbon accumulation rates along an age sequence showed large differences in carbon sequestration rates among underperformed and outperformed forests(0.50 and 1.80 Mg·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1)).PLS-PM demonstrated that maximum DBH and stand density were the main crucial drivers of aboveground carbon density from young to mature ***,species diversity and geotopographic factors were the significant factors causing the large discrepancy in aboveground carbon density change between low-and high-carbon-bearing *** analysis revealed the importance of culture attributes in shaping the geospatial patterns of carbon *** work highlighted that retaining largesized DBH trees and increasing shade-t

关键词： Carbon density Carbon accumulation rate Forest age Spatial variation Cultural influence

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Iron dysregulation in beta-thalassemia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第11期9卷 1013-1021页

作者： Kamonlak Leecharoenkiat Pathrapol Lithanatudom Wannapa Sornjai Duncan r.smith Department of Clinical Microscopy Faculty of Allied Health SciencesChulalongkorn University Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai University Molecular Pathology Laboratory.Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol University

Iron deficiency anemia and iron overload conditions affect more than one billion people *** homeostasis involves the regulation of cells that export iron into the plasma and cells that utilize or store *** cellular iron balance in humans is primarily mediated by the hepcidin-ferroportin *** is the sole cellular iron export protein,and its expression is regulated transcriptionally,post-transcriptionally and ***,a hormone produced by liver cells,post-translationally regulates ferroportin expression on iron exporting cells by binding with ferroportin and promoting its internalization by endocytosis and subsequent degradation by *** of iron homeostasis leading to iron deposition in vital organs is the main cause of death in betathalassemia ***-thalassemia patients show marked hepcidin suppression,ineffective eiythropoiesis,anemia and iron ***-thalassemia is common in the Mediterranean region,Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent,and the focus of this review is to provide an update on the factors mediating hepcidin related iron dysregulation in beta-thalassemia *** this process may pave the way for new treatments to ameliorate iron overloading and improve the long term prognosis of these patients.

关键词： Beta-thalassemia Hepcidin Iron overload Ferroportin

Immunological evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第2期9卷 136-139页

作者： Nitwara Wikan Yupin Suputtamongkol Sutee Yoksan Duncan r.smith Prasert Auewarakul Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University

Objective: To identify immunological evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand. Methods: To undertake a preliminary serosurvey of possible exposure to Zika virus, 21 serum samples from cohort of acute undifferentiated fever patients were examined for immunoreactivity to Zika, Dengue, Japanese encephalitis and Chikungunya envelope antigens by Western blot analysis. results: Twenty of the 21 serum samples showed immunoreactivity to at least one of the antigens, with seven samples showing immunoreactivity to all antigens. Of particular note, two serum samples showed immunoreactivity only to Zika envelope antigen, with no immunoreactivity to other envelope antigens. Conclusions: This study presents the first evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand, although as yet the relationship between transmission and possible cases of Zika fever in Thailand requires further investigation.

关键词： Emerging infectious diseases Serosurvey Thailand Zika virus

Dual pH and microbial-sensitive galactosylated polymeric nanocargoes for multi-level targeting to combat ulcerative colitis

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2023年第4期18卷 124-141页

作者： Mahira Zeeshan Qurat Ul Ain Benno Weigmann Darren Story Bryan r.smith Hussain Ali Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Department of Medicine 1 University of Erlangen-NurembergKussmaul Campus for Medical ResearchErlangen 91052Germany Biomedical Engineering Department Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA Faculty of Pharmacy Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a type of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation,ulcers and irritation of the mucosal *** drug delivery in UC encounters challenges because of multifaceted ***-loaded galactosylated-PLGA/Eudragit S100/pullulan nanocargoes(Dexa-GP/ES/Pu NCs)have been developed with a dual stimuli-sensitive coating responsive to both colonic pH and microbiota,and an underneath galactosylated-PLGA core(GP).The galactose ligand of the GP preferentially binds to the macrophage galactose type-lectin-C(MGL-2)surface ***,both stimuli and ligand-mediated targeting facilitate nanocargoes to deliver Dexa specifically to the colon with enhanced macrophage *** emulsion method coupled with a solvent evaporation coating technique was employed to prepare Dexa-GP/ES/Pu *** nanocargoes were tested using in vitro,ex vivo techniques and dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)induced UC *** nanocargoes had desired physicochemical properties,drug release,cell uptake and cellular *** using a DSS-colitis model showed high localization and mitigation of colitis with downregulation of NF-ĸB and COX-2,and restoration of clinical,histopathological,biochemical indices,antioxidant balance,microbial alterations,FTIr spectra,and epithelial junctions’***,Dexa-GP/ES/Pu NCs found to be biocompatible nanocargoes capable of delivering drugs to the inflamed colon with unique targeting properties for prolonged duration.

关键词： Galactosylated nanocargoes pH-sensitive drug delivery Pullulan Microbial sensitive Ulcerative colitis Macrophage galactose type-lectin C

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Effect of an educational intervention and parental vaccine refusal forms on childhood vaccination rates in a clinic with a large Somali population

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第3期5卷 188-192页

作者： Diane J.Madlon-Kay Emily r.smith University of Minnesota Medical Center Family Medicine residency Program 2020 E.28th StreetMinneapolisMN 55407USA North Memorial Family Medicine residency Program 1020 W Broadway AveMinneapolisMN 55411USA

Objective:The purpose of this study is to improve vaccination rates at a clinic with a large Somali population,and many vaccine hesitant *** study evaluated the effectiveness of some new materials for vaccine hesitant ***:Educational sessions were given to providers and staff to give“talking points”and to introduce a vaccine refusal *** reviews were done for notes from 50 random well child visits per month of children less than six years old for 7 months before and after the ***:Before the intervention,44% of Somali children who needed shots did not get them at their well child ***,34% of the Somali children did not get their needed *** non-Somali children,16.8% did not get needed shots before the intervention,and 12.7% did not get needed shots after the intervention(P=0.07).The MMr was the most frequent vaccine *** the intervention,29 parents signed the vaccine refusal ***:The“talking points”and vaccine refusal form were associated with improve-ments in immunization rates in this challenging patient population that were not statistically *** form use was not well documented,so its true value requires further study.

关键词： Vaccination immunization MMr Somali