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Screening, Treatment and Control of High Blood Pressure on Five Sites in Mali

World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第5期14卷 322-332页

作者： Mamadou Touré Sagara Ibrahima Youssouf Camara Hamidou Oumar Bâ Ibrahima Sangaré Djénébou Traoré noumou Sidibé Fousseyni Samassékou Massama Konaté Coumba Thiam Doumbia Asmaou Maiga réné-marie dakouo Hamidou Camara Sako Mariam Sidibé Samba Adama Sogodogo Boubacar Diarra Boubacar Sonfo Aladji Traoré Mamadou Diakité Ilo Bella Diall Ichaka Menta Departement of Cardiology University Hospital Gabriel Tour&#233 Bamako Mali Departement of Cardiology Cardiology University Hospital Sidy Bocar Sall Kati Mali Internal Medecine University Hospital Point G Bamako Mali Departement of Cardiology Cardiology University Hospital &#8220H&#244pital du Mali&#8221 Bamako Mali Departement of Cardiology Cardiology University Hospital Mother-Children Bamako Mali

Introduction: High blood pressure is defined as blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg for systolic and or 90 mm Hg for diastolic. It constitutes a major public health problem, the leading chronic disease in the world. The objective was to determine the prevalence, treatment rate and control of hypertension. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study which took place over a period of 6 months in a hospital environment and in the general population. results: Of the 1000 participants, 637 had hypertension, giving a prevalence of 63.70% with a female predominance. Thirty-three percent (33%) were unaware of their high blood pressure. The age group 60 and more was the most represented (44%). A proportion of 33 and 23.20 were overweight and obese participants, respectively. Male subjects were more overweight than female, unlike obesity which was more common among female subjects. Sixty-two percent (62%) of hypertensives were treated, of whom 44% were non-compliant. The excessively high cost and consumption of medications as needed were the main factors in therapeutic non-compliance. Twenty-two percent (22%) of all hypertensive patients and 35% of treated hypertensive patients were controlled. Women were more treated but less observant and less controlled than men. Therapeutic coverage and combination therapy rates were lower in rural areas. Hypertensives who had a high level of education were better treated and controlled than those who had no level. Conclusion: High blood pressure remains a real public health problem in Mali. It is more common in people aged 60 and over and in females. One in three hypertensives were unaware of their hypertension. The majority received antihypertensive treatments, but only a minority of them had their hypertension controlled.

关键词： High Blood Pressure Screening Control rate Mali

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ECG and Echocardiographic Findings of Female Hypertension (fHTn) in the Cardiology Department of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré (UH-GT)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第10期13卷 646-656页

作者： Hamidou Oumar Bâ Ibrahima Sangaré Youssouf Camara Kassim Kamaté Tawoufik Tchedre Georges rosario Christian Millogo Djénébou Traoré noumou Sidibé Fousseyni Samassékou Massama Konaté Coumba Thiam Doumbia Asmaou Maiga réné-marie dakouo Hamidou Camara Adama Sogodogo Boubacar Diarra Mamadou Touré Boubacar Sonfo Aladji Traoré Mamadou Diakité Ilo Bella Diall Ichaka Menta Cardiology University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali Cardiology University Hospital Sidy Bocar Sall Kati Mali Cardiology University Hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso Internal Medecine University Hospital Point G Bamako Mali Cardiology University Hospital “H&ocircpital du Mali” Bamako Mali Cardiology University Hospital Mother-Children Bamako Mali

Introduction: In our setting there is a lack of publications on female hypertension in general population motivating this study to look for electro- and echocardiographic findings of female hypertension. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study during 6 months in the cardiology department of the UH-GT including 324 female patients aged 18 and more seen in the outpatient unit and by whom the diagnosis of hypertension was set. All patients consented to be study participants after receiving clearly information about the study and that care giving will not be affected by their eventual refusal. Data collection has been done with all needed confidentiality rules. A survey formular was used to collect data in order to record them in an Access database. Analysis was done using IBM SPSS software. Quantitative data are presented as mean with standard deviation and qualitative as proportion. Level of significance for statistic test was set at 5%. results: During the study time 324 among 524 hypertensive patients visited our outpatient unit giving a prevalence of fHTn of 61.8%. The means for age, body mass index (BMI) in female hypertensive patients were respectively 52 ± 14.461 years and 27.35 ± 06.585 Kg/m2. Main ECG findings were left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and sinus tachycardia with respectively 93.6% and 46.4% followed by isolated ventricular extrasystole with 33.7%. Echocardiography findings included LVH, relative wall thickness (rWT) and reduced ejection fraction (EF) in respectively 41.05%, 37.35% and 21.91%. The left ventricular mass (LV) mass and geometry were abnormal in 44.4% and 37.3%. remodeling as geometry modification (18.2%) and mitral flow Type 2 (90.4%) have been the most abnormal findings. Conclusion: Hypertension induced modifications mainly LVH in ECG and Echocardiography in female patients less than encountered among male hypertensive patients.

关键词： Hypertension Female ECG Echocardiography Mali

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flash-lamp pumping;high-power laser;laser cooling;neodymium glass;wavefront error

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 24-29页

作者： Pierre-marie Dalbies Sandy Cavaro Edouard Bordenave nathalie Blanchot Julien G.Moreau Jérôme neauport CEA CESTA Le BarpFrance

Mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformation can be deleterious for the operation of high-energy laser systems. When fluid cooled high-repetition-rate amplifiers are used, the coolant flow is likely to induce such detrimental mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformations. Here, we describe the design and performance of a 90 mm × 90 mm aperture, liquid-cooled nd:phosphate split-slab laser amplifier pumped by flash-lamps. The performance of the system is evaluated in terms of wavefront aberration and gain at repetition rates down to 1 shot per minute. The results show that this single cooled split-slab system exhibits low wavefront distortions in the medium to large period range, compatible with a focus on target, and despite the use of liquid coolant traversed by both pump and amplified wavelengths. This makes it a potential candidate for applications in large high-energy laser facilities.

关键词： flash-lamp pumping high-power laser laser cooling neodymium glass wavefront error

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Soluble p75 neurotrophic receptor as a reliable biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases: what is the evidence?

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neural regeneration research 2024年第3期19卷 536-541页

作者： Georges Jourdi Samuel Fleury Imane Boukhatem marie Lordkipanidzé research Center Montreal Heart InstituteMontrealQCCanada Faculty of Pharmacy Universitéde MontréalMontrealQCCanada UniversitéParis Cité INSERMInnovative Therapies in HaemostasisParisFrance Service d’Hématologie Biologique AP-HPHôpital LariboisièreParisFrance

neurodegenerative diseases are often misdiagnosed,especially when the diagnosis is based solely on clinical symptoms.The p75 neurotrophic receptor(p75^(nTr))has been studied as an index of sensory and motor nerve development and maturation.Its cleavable extracellular domain(ECD)is readily detectable in various biological fluids including plasma,serum and urine.There is evidence for increased p75nTr ECD levels in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,age-related dementia,schizophrenia,and diabetic neuropathy.Whether p75^(nTr) ECD could be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and/or prognosis in these disorders,and whether it could potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies,remains an open question.In this review,we present and discuss published studies that have evaluated the relevance of this emerging biomarker in the context of various neurodegenerative diseases.We also highlight areas that require further investigation to better understand the role of p75^(nTr) ECD in the clinical diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarker dementia diabetic neuropathy nerve growth factor receptor(nGFr) neurodegeneration p75^(nTr) schizophrenia

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Digital Twin-Assisted Semi-Federated Learning Framework for Industrial Edge Intelligence

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 314-329页

作者： Wu Xiongyue Tang Jianhua marie Siew Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 511442China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA 15213United States

The rapid development of emerging technologies,such as edge intelligence and digital twins,have added momentum towards the development of the Industrial Internet of Things(IIo T).However,the massive amount of data generated by the IIo T,coupled with heterogeneous computation capacity across IIo T devices,and users’data privacy concerns,have posed challenges towards achieving industrial edge intelligence(IEI).To achieve IEI,in this paper,we propose a semi-federated learning framework where a portion of the data with higher privacy is kept locally and a portion of the less private data can be potentially uploaded to the edge server.In addition,we leverage digital twins to overcome the problem of computation capacity heterogeneity of IIo T devices through the mapping of physical entities.We formulate a synchronization latency minimization problem which jointly optimizes edge association and the proportion of uploaded nonprivate data.As the joint problem is nP-hard and combinatorial and taking into account the reality of largescale device training,we develop a multi-agent hybrid action deep reinforcement learning(DrL)algorithm to find the optimal solution.Simulation results show that our proposed DrL algorithm can reduce latency and have a better convergence performance for semi-federated learning compared to benchmark algorithms.

关键词： digital twin edge association industrial edge intelligence(IEI) semi-federated learning

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A review on Sources,Extractions and Analysis Methods of a Sustainable Biomaterial:Tannins

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Journal of renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 397-425页

作者： Antonio Pizzi marie-Pierre Laborie Zeki Candan LErMAB University of LorraineFaculty of SciencesBlvd des AiguillettesNancy54000France Chair of Forest Biomaterials Institute of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Freiburg Materials research Center Alberst Ludwig University of FreiburgFreiburg79104Germany Department of Forest Products Engineering Faculty of ForestryIstanbul UniversitySariyerIstanbul34473Turkey

Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based products.They are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry industry.They have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now for a growing number of applications in a variety of other industries,such as wood adhesives,metal coating,pharmaceutical/medical applications and several others.This review presents the main sources,either already or potentially commercial of this forestry by-materials,their industrial and laboratory extraction systems,their systems of analysis with their advantages and drawbacks,be these methods so simple to even appear primitive but nonetheless of proven effectiveness,or very modern and instrumental.It constitutes a basic but essential summary of what is necessary to know of these sustainable materials.In doing so,the review highlights some of the main challenges that remain to be addressed to deliver the quality and economics of tannin supply necessary to fulfill the industrial production requirements for some materials-based uses.

关键词： Tannins flavonoids sources extraction methods analysis methods

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Targeting muscle to treat Charcot-marie-Tooth disease

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neural regeneration research 2024年第8期19卷 1653-1654页

作者： David Villarroel-Campos James n.Sleigh Department of neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor neuron Disease Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK UK Dementia research Institute University College LondonLondonUK

Charcot-marie-Tooth disease(CMT)is a hereditary peripheral neuropathy causing muscle weakness/wasting and sensory dysfunction predominantly in limb extremities.CMT patients display gait abnormalities,foot deformities,loss of sensation and decreased/absent deep tendon reflexes,with motor symptoms usually being more prominent than sensory.

关键词： marie sensation neuropathy

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relative carcinogenicity of tacrolimus vs mycophenolate after solid organ transplantation and its implications for liver transplant care

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第4期16卷 650-660页

作者： Dorothy Liu Mark M Youssef Josephine A Grace marie Sinclair Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Victorian Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia

BACKGrOUnD De novo malignancy is a leading cause of late morbidity and mortality in liver transplant recipients.Cumulative immunosuppression has been shown to contribute to post-transplant malignancy(PTM)risk.There is emerging evidence on the differential carcinogenic risk profile of individual immunosuppressive drugs,independent of the net effect of immunosuppression.Calcineurin inhibitors such as tacrolimus may promote tumourigenesis,whereas mycophenolic acid(MPA),the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil,may limit tumour progression.Liver transplantation(LT)is relatively unique among solid organ transplantation in that immunosuppression monotherapy with either tacrolimus or MPA is often achievable,which makes careful consideration of the risk-benefit profile of these immunosuppression agents particularly relevant for this cohort.However,there is limited clinical data on this subject in both LT and other solid organ transplant recipients.AIM To investigate the relative carcinogenicity of tacrolimus and MPA in solid organ transplantation.METHODS A literature search was conducted using MEDLInE and Embase databases using the key terms“solid organ transplantation”,“tacrolimus”,“mycophenolic acid”,and“carcinogenicity”,in order to identify relevant articles published in English between 1st January 2002 to 11th August 2022.related terms,synonyms and explosion of MeSH terms,Boolean operators and truncations were also utilised in the search.reference lists of retrieved articles were also reviewed to identify any additional articles.Excluding duplicates,abstracts from 1230 records were screened by a single reviewer,whereby 31 records were reviewed in detail.Full-text articles were assessed for eligibility based on pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.rESULTS A total of 6 studies were included in this review.All studies were large population registries or cohort studies,which varied in transplant era,type of organ transplanted and immunosuppression protocol used.Overall,there was no clear difference demonst

关键词： Immunosuppression Solid organ transplantation Liver transplantation Carcinogenicity Tacrolimus Mycophenolate

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SmartMicro Grid Energy System Management Based on Optimum running Cost for rural Communities in rwanda

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Energy Engineering 2024年第7期121卷 1805-1821页

作者： Fabien Mukundufite Jean marie Vianney Bikorimana Alexander Kyaruzi Lugatona Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department University of RwandaKigaliRwanda Electrical Engineering Department University of Dar es SalaamDar es SalaamTanzania

The governmental electric utility and the private sector are joining hands to meet the target of electrifying all households by 2024.However,the aforementioned goal is challenged by households that are scattered in remote areas.So far,Solar Home Systems(SHS)have mostly been applied to increase electricity access in rural areas.SHSs have continuous constraints to meet electricity demands and cannot run income-generating activities.The current research presents the feasibility study of electrifying remera village with the smart microgrid as a case study.The renewable energy resources available in remera are the key sources of electricity in that village.The generation capacity is estimated based on the load profile.The microgrid configurations are simulated with HOMEr,and the genetic algorithm is used to analyze the optimum cost.By analyzing the impact of operation and maintenance costs,the results show that the absence of subsidies increases the levelized cost of electricity(COE)five times greater than the electricity price from the public utility.The microgrid made up of PV,diesel generator,and batteries proved to be the most viable solution and ensured continuous power supply to customers.By considering the subsidies,COE reaches 0.186$/kWh,a competitive price with electricity from public utilities in rwanda.

关键词： Load demand load profile optimum running cost power demand satisfaction smart meters and smart micro grid

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Impact of exercise on markers of B cell-related immunity:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 339-352,I0002页

作者： David Walzik Sergen Belen Karen Wilisch marie Kupjetz Silvana Kirschke Tobias Esser niklas Joisten Alexander Schenk Sebastian Proschinger Philipp Zimmer Division of Performance and Health(Sports Medicine) Institute for Sport and Sport ScienceTU Dortmund UniversityDortmund 44227Germany

Background:B cells represent a crucial component of adaptive immunity that ensures long-term protection from infection by generating pathogen-specific immunoglobulins.Exercise alters B cell counts and immunoglobulin levels,but evidence-based conclusions on potential benefits for adaptive immunity are lacking.This systematic review assessed current literatures on the impact of acute exercise and exercise training on B cells,immunoglobulins,and markers of secretory immunity in human biofluids.Methods:According to the Preferred reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses(PrISMA)guidelines,MEDLInE,Web of Science,and Embase were searched on March 8,2023.non-randomized controlled trials and crossover trials investigating the impact of acute exercise or exercise training on B cell counts and proportions,immunoglobulin levels,salivary flow rate,or secretory immunoglobulin A secretion rate were included.Quality and reporting of exercise training studies were assessed using the Tool for the Assessment of Study Quality and reporting in Exercise.Study characteristics,outcome measures,and statistically significant changes were summarized tabularly.results:Of the 67 eligible studies,22 applied acute exercise and 45 applied exercise training.All included outcomes revealed significant alterations over time in acute exercise and exercise training context,but only a few investigations showed significant differences compared to control conditions.Secretory and plasma immunoglobulin A levels were most consistently increased in response to exercise training.Conclusion:B cell-related outcomes are altered by acute exercise and exercise training,but evidence-based conclusions cannot be drawn with high confidence due to the large heterogeneity in populations and exercise modalities.Well-designed trials with large sample sizes are needed to clarify how exercise shapes B cell-related immunity.

关键词： Antibody B-lymphocyte Exercise Humoral immunity Immune system

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