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Prevention of complications in endourological management of stones:What are the basic measures needed before,during,and after interventions?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 180-190页

作者： Eric Edison Giorgio Mazzon Vimoshan Arumuham simon Choong Department of Urology University College Hospital LondonLondonUK Department of Urology San Bassiano HospitalVicenzaItaly

Objective:This narrative review aims to describe measures to minimise the risk of complications during percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL),ureteroscopy,and retrograde intrarenal ***:A literature search was conducted from the PubMed/PMC database for papers published within the last 10 years(January 2012 to December 2022).Search terms included“ureteroscopy”,“retrograde intrarenal surgery”,“PCNL”,“percutaneous nephrolithotomy”,“complications”,“sepsis”,“infection”,“bleed”,“haemorrhage”,and“hemorrhage”.Key papers were identified and included meta-analyses,systematic reviews,guidelines,and primary *** references of these papers were searched to identify any further relevant papers not included ***:The evidence is assimilated with the opinions of the authors to provide *** practice pathways for patient care in the pre-operative,intra-operative,and post-operative periods are described,including the identification and management of residual *** complications(sepsis and stent issues)that are relevant for any endourological procedure are then be ***-specific considerations are then *** measures for PCNL include optimising access to minimise the chance of bleeding or visceral *** role of endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery in this regard is *** measures for ureteroscopy and retrograde intrarenal surgery include planning and technique to minimise the risk of ureteric *** role of anaesthetic assessment is *** importance of specific comorbidities on each step of the pathway is highlighted as ***:This review demonstrates that the principles of meticulous planning,interdisciplinary teamworking,and good operative technique can minimise the risk of complications in endourology.

关键词： Endourology Ureteroscopy retrogradeintrarenal surgery Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Complications Sepsis Stent

Post-fontan circulation hepatocellular carcinoma:Open and laparoscopic hepatectomy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 90-93页

作者： karin KY Ho Wong Hoi She simon HY Tsang Kevin S Lo Tan To Cheung Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesiology Queen Mary Hospital102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina

To the Editor:Fontan-associated liver disease shows increasing incidence as advances in pediatric cardiology have prolonged life expectancy in patients with single ventricle congenital heart defects[1].Their unique physiology and procedure-related sequelae present an increasingly relevant challenge in hepatic *** hereby reported a series of patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)who successfully underwent open and laparoscopic hepatectomy.

关键词： hepatocellular hepatectomy surgery

rekindling *** Cooperation

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Beijing review 2024年第26期67卷 22-23页

作者： Denis simon The Institute for China-America Studies in Washington D.C

Chinese President Xi Jinping's recent reply to a letter from Lamont repollet,/President of Kean University in New Jersey,the U.S.,could not have occurred at a more opportune *** against the backdrop of the 50,000-student initiative announced by President Xi during a visit to the United States in November 2023,the letter emphasized the importance of educational exchanges in building positive bilateral relations,and called on universities in both countries to strengthen cooperation in pursuing ***.

关键词： U.S. letter universities

Economy Function in the Mode of Sustainable Development

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第4期14卷 242-282页

作者： Nicholas simon Gonchar Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine

To implement the previously formulated principles of sustainable economic development, all solutions of the linear system of equations and inequalities, which are satisfied by the vector of real consumption, are completely described. It is established that the vector of real consumption with the minimum level of excess supply is determined by the solution of some quadratic programming problem. The necessary and sufficient conditions are established under which the economic system, described by the “input-output” production model, functions in the mode of sustainable development. A complete description of the equilibrium states for which markets are partially cleared in the economy model of production “input-output” is given, on the basis that all solutions of system of linear equations and inequalities are completely described. The existence of a family of taxation vectors in the “input-output” model of production, under which the economic system is able to function in the mode of sustainable development, is proved. restrictions were found for the vector of taxation in the economic system, under which the economic system is able to function in the mode of sustainable development.

关键词： Technological Mapping Economic Balance Clearing Markets Vector of Taxation Sustainable Economic Development

Aging impairs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： Charles A.Schurman Serra kaya Neha Dole Nadja M.Maldonado Luna Natalia Castillo ryan Potter Jacob P.rose Joanna Bons Christina D.King Jordan B.Burton Birgit Schilling simon Melov simon Tang Eric Schaible Tamara Alliston Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a major factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain bone quality,independent of bone mass,are unknown but are thought to be primarily determined by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular remodeling(PLr),which maintains bone material *** examined bones from young and aged mice with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβrII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLr,but aging did not worsen the existing PLr suppression in male TβrII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship impacted the behavior of collagen material at the nanoscale and tissue scale in macromechanical *** effects of age on bone mass,density,and mineral material behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determined that the decline in bone quality with age arises from the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent maintenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： maintain primarily integrity

Adverse events related to physical restraint use in intensive care units: A review of the literature

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 318-325页

作者： Sebastian Berger Pascale Grzonka simon A.Amacher Sabina Hunziker Anja I.Frei raoul Sutter Clinic for Intensive Care Department of Acute MedicineUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine University Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland Medical faculty University of BaselBaselSwitzerland Department of Clinical research University of BaselBaselSwitzerland

Physical restraints are widely used and accepted as protective measures during treatment in intensive care unit (ICU). This review of the literature summarizes the adverse events and outcomes associated with physical restraint use, and the risk factors associated with their use during treatment in the ICU. The PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were screened using predefined search terms to identify studies pertaining to adverse events and/or outcomes associated with physical restraint use, and the factors associated with their use in adult patients admitted to the ICU. A total of 24 articles (including 6126 patients) that were published between 2006 and 2022 were identified. The described adverse events associated with physical restraint use included skin injuries, subsequent delirium, neurofunctional impairment, and a higher rate of post-traumatic stress disorder. Subsequent delirium was the most frequent adverse event to be reported. No alternative measures to physical restraints were discussed, and only one study reported a standardized protocol for their use. Although physical restraint use has been reported to be associated with adverse events (including neurofunctional impairment) in the literature, the available evidence is limited. Although causality cannot be confirmed, a definite association appears to exist. Our findings suggest that it is essential to improve awareness regarding their adverse impact and optimize approaches for their detection, management, and prevention using protocols or checklists.

关键词： Physical restraint Intensive care unit Delirium Complication Adverse event

Global and International Security Under Spatial Grasp Paradigm

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International relations and Diplomacy 2024年第2期12卷 72-85页

作者： Peter simon Sapaty National Academy of Sciences KyivUkraine

Global and international security cannot be provided from a single point or a set of separate points whatever powerful these might be(even with quantum supercomputers!).It should rather be deeply embedded and integrated with bodies of real systems wherever in physical,virtual,or combined spaces they may *** global security capabilities should not only be distributed,but rather be really spatial,self-organized,and dynamic,also exhibiting overall integrity,awareness,and consciousness *** paper describes applicability of the patented and revealed in 10 books Spatial Grasp Model and Technology(SGT)and its basic Spatial Grasp Language(SGL)which conceptually and functionally match security problems of large distributed and heterogeneous *** investigates very practical security solutions for finding and tracing distribution of forbidden items,world roaming criminals,recovery from natural and human-made disasters,tracing and elimination of moving dangerous objects in terrestrial and celestial spaces,as well as analysis and restoration of damaged transport *** advises how different security infrastructures can be organized and managed,and how to cooperate and integrate within global security systems with higher awareness and consciousness levels over *** provided security-oriented version of SGL can be quickly implemented and integrated with existing distributed management and security systems.

关键词： global security international security critical infrastructures Spatial Grasp Technology Spatial Grasp Language distributed language interpretation self-recovering security scenarios global security awareness and consciousness

Symptom presentation and evolution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to play after concussion in elite rugby Union

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： ross Tucker Matt Cross Keith Stokes Lindsay Starling rosy Hyman simon Kemp Stephen West Martin raftery Eanna Falvey James Brown Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa World rugby Ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland Premiership rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport(UKCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Tropical Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sport Injury Prevention research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Department of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Applied rugby research(CArr)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:return to play(rTP)in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated rTP protocol,which can result in clearance to play within 1 week of *** aimed to explore how symptom,cognitive,and balance presentation and evolution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to rTP)to identify whether a more conservative graduated rTP may be ***:A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby players from elite men’s rugby over 3 consecutive *** were classified as shorter or longer returns,depending on whether rTP occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to play the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,***,cognitive,and balance performance during screens was assessed relative to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the preceding screen(improving or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and rTP time were explored using odds ratios(Or,longer ***).Median day absence was compared between players with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or ***:Abnormal symptom results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:Or=2.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:Or=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).Worsening symptom number or severity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h post-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:Or=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:Or=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in players with abnormal symptom results at both HIA2 and *** and balance performance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days ***:Symptom presentation and evolution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer rTP *** may guide a more conservative approach to rTP,while still adhering to individualized concussion management principles.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to play Medical management

Indications of pro-inflammatory cytokines in laparoscopic and open liver resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 257-264页

作者： Kevin Tak-Pan Ng Li Pang Jia-Qi Wang Wong Hoi She simon Hing-Yin Tsang Chung Mau Lo Kwan Man Tan To Cheung Department of Surgery HKU-SZH&School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background:Our clinical practice of laparoscopic liver resection(LLr)had achieved better short-term and long-term benefits for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)over open liver resection(OLr),but the underlying mechanisms are not *** study was to find out whether systemic inflammation plays an important ***:A total of 103 patients with early-stage HCC under liver resection were enrolled(LLr group,n=53;OLr group,n=50).The expression of 9 inflammatory cytokines in patients at preoperation,postoperative day 1(POD1)and POD7 was quantified by Luminex Multiplex *** relationships of the cytokines and the postoperative outcomes were compared between LLr and ***:Seven of the circulating cytokines were found to be significantly upregulated on POD1 after LLr or OLr compared to their preoperative *** to OLr,the POD1 levels of granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-8,and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)in the LLr group were significantly *** POD1 levels of these cytokines were significantly correlated with longer operative time and higher volume of blood loss during *** levels of these cytokines were positively associated with postoperative liver injury,and the length of hospital ***,a high level of IL-6 at POD1 was a risk factor for HCC recurrence and poor disease-free survival after liver ***:Significantly lower level of GM-CSF,IL-6,IL-8,and MCP-1 after liver resection represented a milder systemic inflammation which might be an important mechanism to offer better short-term and long-term outcomes in LLr over OLr.

关键词： Laparoscopic liver resection Open liver resection Hepatocellular carcinoma Postoperative cytokines Inflammatory responses