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Apparent variations in nitrogen runoff and its uptake in paddy rice under straw incorporation

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第11期21卷 3356-3367页

作者： Muhammad Amjad BASHIR ZHAI Li-mei WANG Hong-yuan LIU Jian qurat-ul-ain raza GENG Yu-cong Abdur REHIM LIU Hong-bin Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China College of Agriculture Bahauddin Zakariya University Bahadur Sub-CampusLayyah31200MultanPakistan School of Environment and Sustainability University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 3H5 Canada Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan

Straw incorporation is a widespread practice to promote agricultural ***,the potential effects of straw incorporation with the prolonged time on nitrogen(N)runoff loss from paddy fields are not well *** current study addresses the knowledge gap by assessing the effects of straw incorporation on the processes influencing N runoff patterns and its impacts on crop yield,N uptake,total N(TN),and soil organic matter(SOM).We conducted field experiments with rice(Oryza sativa L.)–wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)rotation,rice–tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.)rotation,and double-rice cropping in subtropical China from 2008 to *** rotation had three N treatments:zero N fertilization(CK),chemical N fertilization(CF),and chemical N fertilization combined with straw incorporation(CFS).The treatment effects were assessed on TN runoff loss,crop yield,N uptake,soil TN stock,and *** showed that TN runoff was reduced by substituting part of the chemical N fertilizer with straw N in the double rice rotation,while crop N uptake was significantly(P<0.05)decreased due to the lower bioavailability of straw *** contrast,in both rice–wheat and rice–tobacco rotations,TN runoff in CFS was increased by 0.9–20.2%in the short term when straw N was applied in addition to chemical N,compared to ***,TN runoff was reduced by 2.3–19.3%after three years of straw incorporation,suggesting the long-term benefits of straw incorporation on TN loss ***,crop N uptake was increased by 0.8–37.3%in the CFS of both *** study demonstrates the challenges in reducing N runoff loss while improving soil fertility by straw incorporation over the short term but highlights the potential of long-term straw incorporation to reduce N loss and improve soil productivity.

关键词： straw return nitrogen runoff water pollution rice yield nitrogen uptake

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Assessment of Nutrient Leaching Losses and Crop Uptake with Organic Fertilization,Water Saving Practices and Reduced Inorganic Fertilizer

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第5期92卷 1555-1570页

作者： Xiaotong Liu Muhammad Amjad Bashir Yucong Geng qurat-ul-ain raza Abdur Rehim Muhammad Aon Jianhang Luo Ying Zhao Xuejun Zhang Hongbin Liu Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuan750002China Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan College of Agriculture University of LayyahLayyah31200Pakistan Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing100081China

The increasing world population has forced excessive chemical fertilizer and irrigation to complete the global food demand,deteriorating the water quality and nutrient ***-term studies do not compile the evidences;therefore,the study aimed to identify the effectiveness of reduced doses of inorganic fertilizer and water-saving practices,hence,a six-year experiment(2015-2020)was conducted in China to address the knowledge *** experimental treatments were:farmer accustomed fertilization used as control(525:180:30 kg NPK ha^(-1)),fertilizer decrement(450:150:15 kg NPK ha^(-1)),fertilizer decrement+water-saving irrigation(450:150:15 kg NPK ha^(-1)),application of organic and inorganic fertilizer+water-saving irrigation(375:120:0 kg NPK ha^(-1)+4.5 tones organic fertilizer ha^(-1)),and application of controlled-release fertilizer(80:120:15 kg NPK ha^(-1)).Each treatment was replicated thrice following a randomized complete block *** results achieved herein showed that control has the highest losses in the six-year study for total nitrogen(225.97 mg L^(-1)),total soluble nitrogen(121.58 mg L^(-1)),nitrate nitrogen(0.93 mg L^(-1)),total phosphorus(0.57 mg L^(-1)),and total soluble phosphorus(0.57 mg L^(-1))*** fertilizer and water application improved crop nutrient uptake,nitrogen concentration was significantly enhanced with organic and inorganic fertilizer+water-saving irrigation,P concentration was increased with fertilizer decrement+water-saving irrigation,and K concentration was improved with fertilizer decrement+water-saving ***,this study concludes that reduced inorganic fertilizer dose combined with water-saving practices is significantly helpful in reducing nutrient leaching losses and improving nutrient uptake and water *** studies are needed to explore the impacts of reduced fertilization and water-saving irrigation on leaching *** benefits at different climatic conditions,soil types,and ferti

关键词： Corn production feeding system water consumption efficiency sustainable agriculture water use

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Evaluating the Effects of Sustainable Chemical and Organic Fertilizers with Water Saving Practice on Corn Production and Soil Characteristics

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第5期92卷 1349-1360页

作者： Xuejun Zhang Muhammad Amjad Bashir qurat-ul-ain raza Xiaotong Liu Jianhang Luo Ying Zhao Qiuliang Lei Hafiz Muhammad Ali raza Abdur Rehim Yucong Geng Hongbin Liu Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuan750002China Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan University of Layyah Layyah31200Pakistan Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing100081China

The rapidly growing world population,water shortage,and food security are promising problems for sustainable *** adopt higher irrigation and fertilizer applications to increase crop production resulting in environmental *** study aimed to identify the long-term effects of intelligent water and fertilizers used in corn yield and soil nutrient status.A series of field experiments were conducted for six years with treatments as:farmer accustomed to fertilization used as control(CON),fertilizer decrement(KF),fertilizer decrement+watersaving irrigation(BMP1);combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer+water-saving irrigation(BMP2),and combined application of controlled-release fertilizer(BMP3).A significant improvement was observed in soil organic matter(14.9%),nitrate nitrogen(106.7%),total phosphorus(23.9%),available phosphorus(26.2%),straw yield(44.8%),and grain yield(54.7%)with BMP2 treatment as compared to *** study concludes that integrating chemical and organic fertilizers with water-saving irrigation(BMP2)is a good approach to increasing corn productivity,ensuring water safety and improving soil *** limitations of the current study include the identification of fertilizer type and its optimum dose,irrigation water type,and geographical position.

关键词： Chemical fertilizer soil quality sustainable agriculture water management

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Comparative analysis of single-crater parameters in ultrasonic-assisted and unassisted micro-EDM of Ti6Al4V using discharge plasma imaging

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第2期7卷 11-24页

作者： Sohaib raza Chandrakant Nirala Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoparPunjab 140001India

ultrasonic-assisted micro-electro-discharge machining(EDM)has the potential to enhance processing responses such as material removal rate(MRR)and surface *** understand the reasons for this enhancement,the physical mechanisms responsible for the individual discharges and the craters that they form need to be *** work examines features of craters formed by single discharges at various parameter values in both conventional and ultrasonic-assistedEDM of ***-speed imaging of the plasma channel is performed,and data on the individual discharges are captured in real-time.A 2D axisymmetric model using finite element software is established to model crater *** the basis of simulation and experimental results,a comparative study is then carried out to examine the effects of ultrasonic vibrational assistance on crater *** every set ofEDM parameters,the crater diameter and depth from a single discharge are found to be higher in ultrasonic-assistedEDM than in conventional*** improved crater geometry and the reduced bulge formation at the crater edges are attributed to the increased melt pool velocity and temperature predicted by the model.

关键词： ultrasonic vibration Discharge crater Plasma diameter Single discharge

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STARLIKENESS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SINE HYPERBOLIC FUNCTION

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第4期44卷 1244-1270页

作者： Mohsan raza Hadiqa ZAHID Jinlin LIU Department of Mathematics Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Information Science Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China

Let q_(λ)(z)=1+λsinh(ζ),0<λ<1/sinh(1)be a non-vanishing analytic function in the open unit *** introduce a subclass S^(*)(q_(λ))of starlike functions which contains the functions f such that zf'/f is subordinated... 详细信息

Let q_(λ)(z)=1+λsinh(ζ),0ains the functions f such that zf'/f is subordinated by q_(λ).We establish inclusion and radii results for the class S^(*)(q_(λ))for several known classes of starlike ***,we obtain sharp coefficient bounds and sharp Hankel determinants of order two for the class S^(*)(q_(λ)).We also find a sharp bound for the third Hankel determinant for the caseλ=1/2.

关键词： starlike functions sine hyperbolic functions radii problems coefficient bounds Hankel determinants

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Impact of interfacial tension on oil-water flow in a narrow gap

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 219-227页

作者： Salim raza Ian D.Gates Saira Sherin University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPakistan Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCanada

Numerous researchers have examined the co-current flow of oil-water and aqueous solutions containing polymers and surfactants in thin gaps for oil *** some have focused on charges and forces at the interfaces of oil-surfactant solutions during *** study of flow structures,interface behavior,and relative permeabilities of oil and aqueous phases of surfactant flow through thin gaps has been less *** the first time,this research aims to comprehensively investigate the flow of oil-water and oil-surfactant solutions through a thin gap(Hele-Shaw cell)with a particular focus on the impact of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS).The experiments reveal that SDS forms an emulsion near the oil-water interface,capturing oil droplets and enabling their flow along with the SDS *** studies confirm this,showing that when SDS contacts oil,it creates channels through the oil phase,leading to the accumulation and division of oil into small round-shaped droplets,resulting in an oil-in-water *** addition of SDS to the injecting water significantly enhances relative permeabilities,leading to a remarkable 90%increase in oil recovery from the *** research suggests that the optimal SDS concentration range for maximum oil recovery is between 1.5 and 2 wt%,as it achieves the minimum interfacial tension between oil and water.

关键词： Surfactant Co-current flow Narrow gap Interface interactions Relative permeability

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Review on current development of polybenzimidazole membrane for lithium battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 579-608页

作者： Yonggui Deng Arshad Hussain Waseem raza Xingke Cai Dongqing Liu Jun Shen College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management(IRC-HTCM) King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsKFUPM Box 504031261 DhahranSaudi Arabia Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina

With the rapid development of portable technology,lithium batteries have emerged as potential candidates for high-performance energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and cycling *** the key components of a lithium battery system,the separator plays a critical role as it directly influences the battery performance benchmark(cycling performance and safety).However,traditional polyolefin separators(polypropylene/polyethylene)are unable to meet the demands of highperformance and safer battery systems due to their poor electrolyte compatibility,thermal runaways,and ultimate growth of *** contrast,membranes fabricated using polybenzimidazole(PBI)exhibit excellent electrolyte wettability and outstanding thermal dimensional stability,thus holding great potential as separators for high-performance and high-safety *** this paper,we present a comprehensive review of the general requirements for separators,synthesis technology for separators,and research trends focusing PBI membranes in lithium batteries to alleviate the current commercial challenges faced by conventional polyolefin *** addition,we discuss the future development direction for PBI battery separators by considering various factors such as production cost,ecological footprint,preparation technology,and battery component *** exploring these perspectives,we aim to promote the continued application and exploration of PBI-based materials to advance lithium battery technology.

关键词： Lithium batteries Separators Porous separators Polybenzimidazole Membrane

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Enhancing ChatGPT’s Querying Capability with Voice-Based Interaction and CNN-Based Impair Vision Detection Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3129-3150页

作者： Awais Ahmad Sohail Jabbar Sheeraz Akram Anand Paul Umar raza Nuha Mohammed Alshuqayran College of Computer and Information Sciences Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudia Arabia 2 School of Computer Science and EngineeringKyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566South Korea 3 Department of EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterM156BHUK

This paper presents an innovative approach to enhance the querying capability of ChatGPT,a conversational artificial intelligence model,by incorporating voice-based interaction and a convolutional neural network(CNN)-based impaired vision detection *** proposed system aims to improve user experience and accessibility by allowing users to interact with ChatGPT using voice ***,a CNN-based model is employed to detect impairments in user vision,enabling the system to adapt its responses and provide appropriate *** research tackles head-on the challenges of user experience and inclusivity in artificial intelligence(AI).It underscores our commitment to overcoming these obstacles,making ChatGPT more accessible and valuable for a broader *** integration of voice-based interaction and impaired vision detection represents a novel approach to conversational ***,this innovation transcends novelty;it carries the potential to profoundly impact the lives of users,particularly those with visual *** modular approach to system design ensures adaptability and scalability,critical for the practical implementation of these ***,the solution places the user at its *** responses for those with visual impairments demonstrates AI’s potential to not only understand but also accommodate individual needs and preferences.

关键词： Accessibility in conversational AI CNN-based impair vision detection ChatGPT voice-based interaction recommender system

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Critical Review on Balanites aegyptiaca Delile:Phytoconstituents,Pharmacological Properties and Nanointerventions

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第7期30卷 653-663页

作者： Surendra Kumar Gautam Rakesh Kumar Paul Devesh M.Sawant Amita Sarwal Kaisar raza Department of Pharmacy School of Chemical Sciences and PharmacyCentral University of RajasthanBandarsindriAjmerRajasthan305817India University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India

Balanites aegyptiaca Delile(BA)is an enduring xerophytic woody and spinous flowering tree and is commonly known as desert date or Ingudi(Hingot).It belongs to the family Zygophyllaceae,which is specific to be drought areas of Nigeria,Africa,South Asia and India(Rajasthan).In Ayurveda,this traditional medicinal plant is reported for the management of jaundice,syphilis,yellow fever,metabolic disorders,liver,and spleen *** main aim of the review is to compile its medicinal uses and further advancements to showcase the promises inherited in various parts of the plant for the benefit of *** per the literature survey,various researchers have focused on the detailed investigation of BA including the phytopharmacological evidence,chemical constituents,nano-formulations,commercialized products,and clinical *** remarkable scaffolds and isolated compounds like diosgenin,yamogenin,balanitin1/2,balanitin 3,bal4/5,bal6/7,rutin-3-glycosides,3,7-diglycosides,(3,12,14,16)–(12-hydroxycholest-5-ene-3,16-diyl-bis)-D-glucopyranoside and balanitoside have been ***,this traditional plant has been scientifically proven by in vitro and in *** on the complete review of this plant,most of the compounds have been isolated from the fruit and kernel ***,based on the literature,a histogram was developed for pharmacological activity in which antidiabetic study was found to be more compared to other pharmacological *** a spinous desert dates,this plant needs to be explored more to bring out newer phytochemicals in the management of various diseases.

关键词： Delile desert date phytochemicals nano-phytopharmaceutical pharmacological activities traditional medicine

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FAIR Enough:Develop and Assess a FAIR-Compliant Dataset for Large Language Model Training?

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Data Intelligence 2024年第2期6卷 559-585页

作者： Shaina raza Shardul Ghuge Chen Ding Elham Dolatabadi Deval Pandya Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence TorontoOntarioCanada Toronto Metropolitan University TorontoOntarioCanada York University TorontoOntarioCanada

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models(LLMs)highlights the necessity for ethical considerations and data integrity in Al development,particularly emphasizing the role of FAIR(Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,Reusable)data *** these principles are crucial for ethical data stewardship,their specific application in the context of LLM training data remains an under-explored *** research gap is the focus of our study,which begins with an examination of existing literature to underline the importance of FAIR principles in managing data for LLM *** upon this,we propose a novel frame-work designed to integrate FAIR principles into the LLM development lifecycle.A contribution of our work is the development of a comprehensive checklist intended to guide researchers and developers in applying FAIR data principles consistently across the model development *** utility and effectiveness of our frame-work are validated through a case study on creating a FAIR-compliant dataset aimed at detecting and mitigating biases in *** present this framework to the community as a tool to foster the creation of technologically advanced,ethically grounded,and socially responsible Al models.

关键词： Responsible Al Large language models FAIR data principles Ethical Al Biases

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