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Response of Iron Content in Milled Rice to Nitrogen Levels and Its Genotypic Differences

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Rice science 2010年第3期17卷 228-234页

作者： WEI Hai-yan zhang Hong-cheng DAI Qi-gen MA qun LI jie zhang Qing HUO Zhong-yang Xu Ke Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

To investigate the effect of nitrogen （N） level on iron （Fe） content in milled rice, a field experiment was carried out under three N application levels including 0, 150 and 300 kg/hm2 by using 120 rice genotypes. In addition to the genotypic differences of iron content in milled rice, grain yield, 1000-grain weight and N content in grains under the same N level, there were also variations in the response of Fe content in milled rice to N levels. Based on the range and variation coefficient of Fe content in milled rice under the three N levels, the response of Fe content in milled rice to N levels could be classified into four types including highly insensitive, insensitive, sensitive and highly sensitive types. A significant quadratic correlation was found between the Fe content in milled rice and 1000-grain weight or the N content in grains. However, no significant correlation between the Fe content in milled rice and grain yield was detected. In conclusion, there are genotypic differences in the effects of N levels on Fe content in milled rice, which is favorable to breeding of Fe-rich rice under different N environments. Furthermore, high yield and Fe-rich rice could be grown through the regulation of nitrogen on Fe content in milled rice, 1000-grain weight and N content in milled rice.

关键词： rice iron content nitrogen genotypic difference

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The Tea Tree Genome Provides Insights into Tea Flavor and Independent Evolution of Caffeine Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2017年第6期10卷 866-877页

作者： En-Hua Xia Hai-Bin zhang Jun Sheng Kui Li qun-jie zhang Changhoon Kim Yun zhang Yuan Liu Ting Zhu Wei Li Hui Huang Yan Tong Hong Nan Cong Shi Chao Shi Jian-Jun Jiang Shu-Yan Mao Jun-Ying Jiao Dan zhang Yuan Zhao You-jie Zhao Li-Ping zhang Yun-Long Liu Ben-Ying Liu Yue Yu Sheng-Fu Shao De-Jiang Ni Evan E. Eichler Li-Zhi Gao Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwestern China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201 China Institution of Genomics and Bioinformatics South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650204 China Agrobiological Gene Research Center Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Macrogene Inc. Seoul 08511 South Korea College of Life Science Liaoning Normal University Dalian 116081 China National Tea Tree Germplasm Bank Tea Research Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Menghai 666201 China Jinhua International Camellia Germplasm Bank Jinhua 321000 China Department of Tea Science Key Lab for Horticultural Plant Biology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

Tea is the world＇s oldest and most popular caffeine-containing beverage with immense economic, medicinal, and cultural importance. Here, we present the first high-quality nucleotide sequence of the repeat-rich （80.9%）, 3.02-Gb genome of the cultivated tea tree Camellia sinensis. We show that an extraordinarily large genome size of tea tree is resulted from the slow, steady, and long-term amplification of a few LTR retrotransposon families. In addition to a recent whole-genome duplication event, lineage-specific expansions of genes associated with flavonoid metabolic biosynthesis were discovered, which enhance catechin production, terpene enzyme activation, and stress tolerance, important features for tea flavor and adaptation. We demonstrate an independent and rapid evolution of the tea caffeine synthesis pathway relative to cacao and coffee. A comparative study among 25 Camellia species revealed that higher expression levels of most flavonoid- and caffeinebut not theanine-related genes contribute to the increased production of catechins and caffeine and thus enhance tea-processing suitability and tea quality. These novel findings pave the way for further metabolomic and functional genomic refinement of characteristic biosynthesis pathways and will help develop a more diversified set of tea flavors that would eventually satisfy and attract more tea drinkers worldwide.

关键词： Tea tree genome Comparative genomics Tea flavor Tea-proccessing suitability Global adaptation,Caffeine biosynthesis

The Chromosome-Level Reference Genome of Tea Tree Unveils Recent Bursts of Nonautonomous LTR Retrotransposons in Driving Genome Size Evolution

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Molecular Plant 2020年第7期13卷 935-938页

作者： qun-jie zhang Wei L i Kui Li Hong Nan Cong Shi Yun zhang zhang-Yan Dai Yang-Lei Lin Xiao-Lan Yang Yan Tong Dan zhang Cui Lu Li-Ying Feng Chen-Feng Wang Xiao-Xin Liu Jian-An Huang Wen-Kai Jiang Xing-Hua Wang Xing-Cai zhang Evan E.Eichler Zhong-Hua Liu and Li-Zhi Gao Institution of Genomics and Bioinformatics South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Novogene Bioinformatics Institute Building 301Zone A10 Jiuxianqiao North RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100083China School of Life Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Agro-biological Gene Research Center Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou510640China Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128China Yunnan Pu’er Tea Tree Breeding Station No.212 Zhenxing AvenueSimao DistrictPu ErYunnan 665099China John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Dear Editor,The tea tree Camellia sinensis,a member of the genus Camellia in the Theaceae family,includes two major cultivated varieties,*** ***(CSA\Assam type)and *** ***(CSS;Chinese type)(Ming and Bartholomew,2007).Due to the high economic importance of the tea tree,considerable efforts have been made to explore genetic basis of the biosynthesis of natural metabolites that determine health benefits and diverse tea flavors(Shi et al.,2011;Li et al.,2011;Li et al.,2015;Xia et aL,2017;Liu et al.,2019).

关键词： Evolution Tree Reference

Dynamic behaviors of graphene platelets-reinforced metal foam piezoelectric beams with velocity feedback control

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 63-80页

作者： jie CHEN Xinyue zhang Mingyang FAN School of Mathematics Statistics and Mechanics Beijing University of Technology College of Mechanical & Energy Engineering Beijing University of Technology

Graphene platelets(GPLs)-reinforced metal foam structures enhance the mechanical properties while maintaining the lightweight characteristics of metal foams. Further bonding piezoelectric actuator and sensor layers on the surfaces of GPLs-reinforced metal foam beams enables active vibration control, greatly expanding their applications in the aerospace industry. For the first time, this paper investigates the vibration characteristics and active vibration control of GPLs-reinforced metal foam beams with surfacebonded piezoelectric layers. The constant velocity feedback scheme is used to design the closed-loop controller including piezoelectric actuators and sensors. The effects of the GPLs on the linear and nonlinear free vibrations of the beams are numerically *** Newmark-β method combined with Newton's iteration technique is used to calculate the nonlinear responses of the beams under different load forms including harmonic loads,impact loads, and moving loads. Additionally, special attention is given to the vibration reduction performance of the velocity feedback control on the responses of the beam.

关键词： Piezoelectric actuators

The Chromosome-Based Rubber Tree Genome Provides New Insights into Spurge Genome Evolution and Rubber Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2020年第2期13卷 336-350页

作者： Jin Liu Cong Shi Cheng-Cheng Shi Wei Li qun-jie zhang Yun zhang Kui Li Hui-Fang Lu Chao Shi Si-Tao Zhu Zai-Yun Xiao Hong Nan Yao Yue Xun-Ge Zhu Yu Wu Xiao-Ning Hong Guang-Yi Fan Yan Tong Dan zhang Chang-Li Mao Yun-Long Liu Shi-jie Hao Wei-Qing Liu Mei-Qi Lv Hai-Bin zhang Yuan Liu Ge-Ran Hu-tang Jin-Peng Wang Jia-Hao Wang Ying-Huai Sun Shu-Bang Ni Wen-Bin Chen Xing-Cai zhang Yuan-Nian Jiao Evan E.Eichler Guo-Hua Li Xin Liu Li-Zhi Gao Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops Jinghong 666100China Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwestern ChinaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China BGI-Qingdao Qingdao 266555China lnstitution of Genomics and Bioinformatics South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Asia-Pacific Tropical Forestry Germplasm Institution Southwest China Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China School of Life Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Novogene Bioinformatics Institute Beijing 100083China BGI-Shenzhen Shenzhen 518083China State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

The rubber tree,Hevea brasiliensis,produces natural rubber that serves as an essential industrial raw ***,we present a high-quality reference genome for a rubber tree cultivar GT1 using single-molecule real-time sequencing(SMRT)and Hi-C technologies to anchor the～1.47-Gb genome assembly into 18 *** chromosome-based genome analysis enabled us to establish a model of spurge chromosome evolution,since the common paleopolyploid event occurred before the split of Hevea and *** show recent and rapid bursts of the three Hevea-specific LTR-retrotransposon families during the last 10 million years,leading to the massive expansion by～65.88%(～970 Mbp)of the whole rubber tree genome since the divergence from *** identify large-scale expansion of genes associated with whole rubber biosynthesis processes,such as basal metabolic processes,ethylene biosynthesis,and the activation of polysaccharide and glycoprotein lectin,which are important properties for latex production.A map of genomic variation between the cultivated and wild rubber trees was obtained,which contains～15.7 million high-quality single-nucleotide *** identified hundreds of candidate domestication genes with drastically lowered genomic diversity in the cultivated but not wild rubber trees despite a relatively short domestication history of rubber tree,some of which are involved in rubber *** genome assembly represents key resources for future rubber tree research and breeding,providing novel targets for improving plant biotic and abiotic tolerance and rubber production.

关键词： rubber tree rubber biosynthesis chromosome evolution whole-genome duplication domestication

A Cross-Multi-Domain Trust Assessment Authority Delegation Method Based on Automotive Industry Chain

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 407-426页

作者： Binyong Li Liangming Deng jie zhang Xianhui Deng School of Cybersecurity(Xin Gu Industrial College) Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu610225China Advanced Cryptography and System Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu610225China SUGON Industrial Control and Security Center Chengdu610225China

To solve the challenges of connecting and coordinating multiple platforms in the automotive industry and to enhance collaboration among different participants,this research focuses on addressing the complex supply relationships in the automotive market,improving data sharing and interactions across various platforms,and achieving more detailed integration of data and *** propose a trust evaluation permission delegation method based on the automotive industry *** proposed method combines smart contracts with trust evaluation mechanisms,dynamically calculating the trust value of users based on the historical behavior of the delegated entity,network environment,and other factors to avoid malicious node attacks during the permission delegation *** also introduce strict control over the cross-domain permission granting and revocation mechanisms to manage the delegation path,prevent information leakage caused by malicious node interception,and effectively protect data integrity and *** analysis shows that this method meets the realtime requirements of collaborative interaction in the automotive industry chain and provides a feasible solution to permission delegation issues in the automotive industry chain,offering dynamic flexibility in authorization and scalability compared to most existing solutions.

关键词： Automotive industry chain cross-domain access block chain delegate authority trust assessment

Viscosity and structure relationship with equimolar substitution of CaO with MgO in the CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)slag melts

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Yong Hou Shuo zhang jie Dang Jia Guo Hanghang Zhou Xuewei Lü College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Currently,the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the high-alumina slag systems within blast furnaces is generally limited to 16wt%–18.5wt%,making it challenging to overcome this *** most studies that concentrated on managing the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio or basicity,this paper explored the effect of equimolar substitution of MgO for CaO on the viscosity and structure of a high-alumina CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)slag system,providing theoretical guidance and data to facilitate the application of high-alumina *** results revealed that the viscosity first decreased and then increased with higher MgO substitution,reaching a minimum at 15mol%MgO *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results found that the depths of the troughs representing[SiO_(4)]tetrahedra,[AlO_(4)]tetrahedra,and Si-O-Al bending became progressively deeper with increased MgO *** of the Raman spectra showed that the average number of bridging oxygens per Si atom and the X_(Q^(3))/X_(Q^(2))(X_(Q^(i))is the molar fraction of Q^(i) unit,and i is the number of bridging oxygens in a[SiO_(4)]tetrahedral unit)ratio increased from 2.30 and 1.02 to 2.52 and 2.14,respectively,indicating a progressive polymerization of the silicate structure.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results highlighted that non-bridging oxygen content decreased from 77.97mol% to 63.41mol% with increasing MgO concentration,whereas bridging oxygen and free oxygen contents *** analysis demonstrated a gradual increase in the polymerization degree of the tetrahedral structure with the increase in MgO ***,bond strength is another important factor affecting the slag *** occurrence of a viscosity minimum can be attributed to the complex evolution of bond strengths of non-bridging oxygens generated during depolymerization of the[SiO_(4)]and[AlO_(4)]tetrahedral structures by CaO and MgO.

关键词： aluminosilicate viscosity structure spectroscopy

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Identifying the dynamic behaviors in complete reconstruction of Co-based complex precatalysts during electrocatalytic oxygen evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 226-233页

作者： Jingfang zhang Danyang Wu Linke Cai Youluan Lu Fanpeng Cheng Lijuan Shi qun Yi Yao Liu Yi Huang Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Photoenergy Utilization for Pollution Control and Carbon Reduction of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Central China Normal University College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University

Transition metal-based nanomaterials have emerged as promising electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction（OER）. Considerable research efforts have shown that self-reconstruction occurs on these nanomaterials under operating conditions of OER process. However, most of them undergo incomplete reconstruction with limited thickness of reconstruction layer, leading to low component utilization and arduous exploration of real catalytic mechanism. Herein, we identify the dynamic behaviors in complete reconstruction of Co-based complexes during OER. The hollow phytic acid（PA） cross-linked CoFe-based complex nanoboxes with porous nanowalls are designed because of their good electrolyte penetration and mass transport ability, in favor of the fast and complete reconstruction. A series of experiment characterizations demonstrate that the reconstruction process includes the fast substitution of PA by OH-to form Co（Fe）(OH)xand subsequent potential-driven oxidation to Co（Fe）OOH. The obtained CoFeOOH delivers a low overpotential of 290 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2and a long-term *** experiment results together with theory calculations reveal that the Fe incorporation can result in the electron rearrangement of reconstructed CoFeOOH and optimization of their electronic structure,accounting for the enhanced OER activity. The work provides new insights into complete reconstruction of metal-based complexes during OER and offers guidelines for rational design of high-performance electrocatalysts.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction

Structural engineering of high-entropy alloys for advanced electrocatalytic reactions

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 1-31页

作者： Qiao Xie Ying-jie Yu Hai-Jun zhang Ya-Ping Deng Wen Lei The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for Sustainable Energy Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo

High-entropy alloys(HEAs) have emerged as promising candidates to replace traditional precious metal catalysts,owing to their unique chemical and physical *** review commences by revisiting the fundamental concepts of HEAs,including their synthesis methods and structural control strategies in *** underscores the critical role of meticulously manipulating both macroscopic and microscopic structures of the HEAs to optimize their catalytic performance.A deep understanding of the structure-activity relationship in HEAs across various configurations is pivotal in developing more effective *** review methodically encapsulates the research progress of structural control strategies for HEAs in achieving efficient energy conversion,with the aim of gaining a better understanding of the relationship between structure and *** review concludes by summarizing the current achievements and challenges,and suggestions for potential future directions of HEAs in the fields of energy conversion and environmental purification.

关键词： Electrocatalytic Energy conversion High-entropy alloys Structural modulation