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Future Changes in the Impact of North Pacific Midlatitude Oceanic Frontal Intensity on the Wintertime Storm Track in CMIP5 Models

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2020年第6期34卷 1199-1213页

作者： Yao YAO zhong zhong Xiu-qun YANG Xiaogang HUANG College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073 Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023 Army Academy of Artillery and Air Defense(Nanjing Campus) Nanjing 211132

The storm track and oceanic front play an important role in the midlatitude air–sea interaction.In this study,future changes in the impact of the North Pacific midlatitude oceanic frontal intensity on the wintertime storm track are projected based on climate model outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5(CMIP5).The performance of 13 CMIP5 models is evaluated,and it is found that a majority of these models are capable of reproducing the northward intensification of the storm track in response to the strengthened oceanic front.The ensemble means of outputs from six best models under three Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP)scenarios(RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5)are compared with the results of the historical simulation,and future changes are projected.It is found that the impact of the oceanic frontal intensity on the storm track tends to get stronger and extends further westward in a warming climate,and the largest increase appears in the RCP8.5 run.Further analysis reveals that the stronger impact of the oceanic front on the storm track in the future may be partially attributed to the greater oceanic frontal impact on the near-surface baroclinicity,which is mainly related to the intensified oceanic frontal impact on the meridional potential temperature gradient under the climate change scenario.However,this process can hardly explain the increasing impact of the oceanic front on the upstream of the storm track.

关键词： storm track midlatitude oceanic front climate change Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5(CMIP5)

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Variations in OsSPL10 confer drought tolerance by directly regulating OsNAC2 expression and ROS production in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第4期65卷 918-933页

作者： Yingxiu Li Shichen Han Xingming Sun Najeeb Ullah Khan Qun Zhong Zhanying Zhang Hongliang Zhang Feng Ming Zichao Li Jinjie Li State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University Sanya 572025China

Drought is a major factor restricting the production of rice(Oryza sativa L.).The identification of natural variants for drought stress-related genes is an important step toward developing genetically improved rice varieties.Here,we characterized a member of the SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE(SPL)family,OsSPL10,as a transcription factor involved in the regulation of drought tolerance in rice.OsSPL10 appears to play a vital role in drought tolerance by controlling reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and stomatal movements.Haplotype and allele frequency analyses of OsSPL10 indicated that most upland rice and improved lowland rice varieties harbor the OsSPL10Hap1allele,whereas the OsSPL10Hap2allele was mainly present in lowland and landrace rice varieties.Importantly,we demonstrated that the varieties with the OsSPL10Hap1allele showed low expression levels of OsSPL10 and its downstream gene,OsNAC2,which decreases the expression of OsAP37 and increases the expression of OsCOX11,thus preventing ROS accumulation and programmed cell death(PCD).Furthermore,the knockdown or knockout of OsSPL10 induced fast stomatal closure and prevented water loss,thereby improving drought tolerance in rice.Based on these observations,we propose that OsSPL10 confers drought tolerance by regulating OsNAC2 expression and that OsSPL10Hap1could be a valuable haplotype for the genetic improvement of drought tolerance in rice.

关键词： drought tolerance haplotype OsNAC2 OsSPL10 ROS

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Spatially-separated and photo-enhanced semiconductor corrosion processes for high-efficient and contamination-free electrochemical nanoimprint lithography

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第4期65卷 810-820页

作者： Hantao Xu Lianhuan Han Jian-Jia Su zhong-qun Tian Dongping Zhan Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces(PCOSS) Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering School of Aerospace EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Free of any thermoplastic or photocuring resists, electrochemical nanoimprint lithography(ECNL) has emerged as an alternative nanoimprint way to fabricate three-dimensional micro/nano-structures(3D-MNSs) directly on a semiconductor wafer by a spatially-confined corrosion reaction induced by the metal/semiconductor contact potential. However, the consumption of electron acceptors in the ultrathin electrolyte between imprint mold and semiconductor wafer will slow down or even cease the corrosion rate. To solve this problem, we change the short-circuited corrosion cell into a spatially-separated primary cell: the imprint mold compacted gallium arsenide(GaAs) wafer in the anodic chamber while the platinum(Pt) plate connected to the imprint mold in the cathodic chamber. Thus, the GaAs corrosion rate will be stabilized in its limiting steady-state current density because of the abundant source of electron acceptors in the catholic chamber. The corrosion processes can be photo-enhanced by white-light illumination. Consequently, both the accuracy and the efficiency are promoted dramatically, which are demonstrated by the excellent performance of the fabricated binary optical elements. Moreover, the contamination problem caused by the electron acceptors is totally avoided. All the results prove that this novel ECNL mode is competitive and prospective in imprinting 3D-MNSs directly on semiconductor wafer.

关键词： nanoimprint lithography electrochemical microfabrication semiconductor corrosion semiconductor microdevices 3D functional micro/nano-structures

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框架诱导组装策略

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物理化学学报 2023年第1期39卷 11-12页

作者：田中群厦门大学化学化工学院福建厦门361005

本世纪以来,化学自组装作为创造新材料的重要手段,受到了国际各领域的广泛关注和重视。2005年美国《科学》杂志提出了21世纪100个重要科学问题和25个重大科学问题1,其中与化学唯一直接相关的重大科学问题就是:我们能推动化学自组装走多远?

关键词：化学自组装《科学》杂志重大科学问题 21世纪

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In situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the mechanism of titanium substitution in P2–Na_(2/3)Ni_(1/3)Mn_(2/3)O_(2): Cathode materials for sodium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第2期30卷 323-328,I0011页

作者： Xiao-Bin zhong Chao He Fan Gao zhong-qun Tian Jian-Feng Li School of Mechanical and Power Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051ShanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina

Layered P2–Na_(2/3)Ni_(1/3)Mn_(2/3)O_2 is a promising cathode material. It exhibits a high capacity and suitable operating voltage and undergoes a phase transition from P2 to O2 during charge/discharge.Researchers have used Ti substitution to improve the cathode, yet the chemical principles that underpin elemental substitution and functional improvement remain unclear. To clarify these principles, we used in situ Raman spectroscopy to monitor chemical changes in P2–Na2/3 Ni1/3 Mn1/3 Ti1/3 O2 and P2–Na_(2/3)Ni_(1/3)Mn_(2/3)O_2 during charge/discharge. Based on the change in the A_(1g) and E_g peaks during charge/discharge, we concluded that Ti substitution compressed the transition metal layer and expanded the planar oxygen layer in the unit cell. Titanium stabilized the P2 phase structure, which improved the cycling stability of P2–NaNMT. Our results provide clear theoretical support for future research on modifying electrodes by elemental substitution.

关键词： In situ Raman spectroscopy P2–Na_(2/3)Ni_(1/3)Mn_(2/3)O_(2) Titanium substitution

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Unveiling the molecule–plasmon interactions in surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy

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National Science Review 2020年第7期7卷 1228-1238页

作者： Jun Yi En-Ming You Song-Yuan Ding zhong-qun Tian State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (PCOSS) Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center University of California

Nanostructure-based surface-enhanced infrared absorption(SEIRA) spectroscopy has attracted tremendous interest as an ultrasensitive detection tool that supplies chemical-fingerprint information. The interactions between molecular vibrations and plasmons lead to not only the enhancement of spectral intensity, but also the distortion of spectral Lorentzian lineshapes into asymmetric Fano-type or more complicated lineshapes in the SEIRA spectra; this effect hampers the correct readout of vibrational frequencies and intensities for an accurate interpretation of the measured spectra and quantitative analysis.In this work, we investigate the Fano interference between molecular vibrations and plasmons based on exact electrodynamic simulations and theoretical models. We report that, even if the molecular vibrational energy is equal to the plasmon resonant energy, the molecule–nanostructure distance-dependent dipole–dipole interactions, the plasmon-mediated coherent intermolecular interactions and the decay rates of plasmons have a significant impact on the SEIRA lineshapes. This study paves the way for controllable Fano interference at the nanoscale and more studies on plasmon-dressed molecular electronic or vibrational excited states.

关键词： surface plasmons surface-enhanced infrared absorption Fano resonance coupling strength spectral lineshape

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Special topic on strategies for developing energy-related physical chemistry

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第11期60卷 1377-1378页

作者： zhong-qun Tian Nanfeng Zheng Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfacesand Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Increasing global energy demand and environment issue have pushed us to develop technologies for efficient utilization of fossil fuels and also seek for renewable energy resources.Chemistry plays a crucial role in the acquisition,generation,distribution,and utilization of energy in different forms although it is not the only contributing subject.Currently,fossil fuels are the primary source to provide

关键词：可再生能源化学战专题物理化石燃料高效利用重组技术环境问题

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Determination of groundwater flow regimes based on the spatial non-local distribution of hydraulic gradient:Model and validation

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第2期34卷 299-307页

作者： Xiu-xuan Wang Jia-zhong Qian Lei Ma Qian-kun Luo Guan-qun Zhou School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China

The groundwater flow in natural aquifers can change from the Darcy flow to the non-Darcian flow due to a variety of causes,such as the increase of the Reynolds number in the highly permeable media or the decrease of the hydraulic gradient below a threshold in the low-permeability media,while the representative flow regime cannot be reliably determined using the traditional criteria.To address this challenge,this paper proposes a new term called the equivalent hydraulic gradient(EHG)by generalizing the differential form of the Darcy’s law using a spatial integral of the upstream hydraulic head.The nonlocal spatial variation of the hydraulic head difference between upstream and downstream zones is assumed to be the potential cause of the transition of the groundwater flow regimes.This assumption is analogous to the common assumption used for quantifying the anomalous pollutant transport in the geological media.Applications of this idea show that the EHG concept could distinguish three main flow regimes,namely the Super-Darcy flow,the Darcy flow,and the Sub-Darcy flow,although the Super-Darcy flow regime is rarely observed in the laboratory column flow experiments.Results of this study therefore shed lights on the interpretation of the fundamental dynamics of the groundwater moving in various heterogeneous aquifers,and may lead to the rebuilding of the hydrodynamics of the surface water,the groundwater,and the soil.

关键词： Hydraulic head distribution spatially non-local effect flow regime Forchheimer number Reynolds number

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Tribocatalysis: challenges and perspectives

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第10期64卷 1609-1613页

作者： Feng-Ru Fan Shunji Xie Guan-Wu Wang zhong-qun Tian State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials(iChEM)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry far Energy Materials(iChEM)Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology'of ChinaHefei 230026China

With an increasing global energy demands and environmental pollution, the development of alternative clean energy technologies has aroused widespread research interest.Harvesting and converting natural energy from the environment, such as solar energy, mechanical energy, thermal energy, chemical and biological energy, is one of the main sources of clean energy.

关键词： catalysis pollution energy

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论中华文化的崇德精神特质及其当代价值

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西北师大学报（社会科学版） 2022年第6期59卷 99-108页

作者：肖群忠西北师范大学马克思主义学院甘肃兰州730070 中国人民大学哲学院北京100872

较之西方的智性主义和印度文化的神性主义,中华文化具有崇德向善的德性主义特质和精神。在中国面临西方文化冲击的背景下,诸多学者和国家相关文件对这种总体精神都进行了探讨、论证和表达。中华文化的崇德精神主要体现在:道德是中华文... 详细信息

较之西方的智性主义和印度文化的神性主义,中华文化具有崇德向善的德性主义特质和精神。在中国面临西方文化冲击的背景下,诸多学者和国家相关文件对这种总体精神都进行了探讨、论证和表达。中华文化的崇德精神主要体现在:道德是中华文化形成发展过程的鲜明特色;道德是中华文化各要素的核心;道德至上是儒家学说的根本;道德为本是民众文化认同和日常生活的灵魂。弘扬中华优秀传统文化的核心与根本在于弘扬中华文化的崇德向善特质与精神。中华文化的崇德精神在引领整合社会、协调人际关系和培育高尚人格等方面具有重要的当代价值。

关键词：中华文化崇德精神当代价值

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