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A Typical Paleochannel-Controlled Ground Fissure in Hengshui,Hebei Plain,China

Journal of Earth Science 2024年第6期35卷 1966-1978页

作者： Feiyong Wang Jianbing Peng Jishan Xu quanzhong lu School of Engineering and Technology Institute of GeosafetyChina University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Earth Fissures Geological Disaster Ministry of Natural Resources(Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province)Nanjing210018China Observation and Research Station of Ground Fissure and Land Subsidence Ministry of Natural ResourcesXi’an710054China Key Laboratory of Western China’s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of EducationChang’an UniversityXi’an710054China School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China

Nearly 1100 fissures have formed on the Hebei Plain in *** the Yellow RiverQinghe River-Zhanghe River shallow buried paleochannel band on the plain,93 ground fissures controlled by paleochannels have developed,of which the Wuyi-Fuping ground fissure is a typical paleochannel-controlled fissure located in Hengshui,Hebei Province,with a total length of 3 km,a dominant strike of NE78°,and nearly upright in the shallow *** surface damage observed in this fissure primarily manifests as beaded pits,and its activity shows distinct segmentation *** the trench profiles,the offset distance of shallow layers remains consistently around 20 cm within the depth range of 0 to-3 *** evident flexure is observed in the strata at depths ranging from-4.5 to-7 *** drilling profile reveals that there is an absence of dislocations in the deeper ***,the shallow seismic physical profiles unveil the presence of underlying faults beneath the study area,underscoring the intricate formation process and genesis mechanism of the Wuyi-Fuping ground ***,the formation and evolution of the Qingling River's paleochannel were shaped by the actions of fault blocks and underlying *** interplay of the regional stress field,fault block movement,and fault activity played pivotal roles in driving the development of this ***,the paleochannel exerts a controlling influence on the development location and severity of the *** pumping,the confined aquifer within the paleochannel undergoes water loss and compression,resulting in the formation of a surface subsidence *** the tensile stress surpasses the soil's tensile strength at the funnel's edge,the soil fractures give rise to a ground ***,large amounts of surface water generated by heavy rainfall and irrigation can cause existing hidden ground fissures to rupture,emerge,and *** paper provides a heretofore generally unknown example,promotes

关键词： ground fissure Hebei Plain paleochannel pumping activity surface waters disaster prevention

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Crack mechanism of ground fissures in loess layer of Fenwei Basin, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1683-1696页

作者： LI Cong lu quanzhong WANG Feiyong luO Wenchao XU Qiang School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of EducationXi’an 710054China Observation and Research Station of Ground Fissure and Land Subsidence Ministry of Natural ResourcesXi’an 710054China School of Engineering and Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

The Fenwei Basin, covered by loess, experiences severe ground fissure disasters. These disasters disrupt the continuity of the loess and pose significant threats to engineering construction safety along transportation routes. Nevertheless, the crack characteristics and the influence zone of ground fissures in the loess layer remain inadequately investigated. To effectively prevent and control ground fissure disasters, physical model tests and the PFC(particle flow code) numerical simulation method are used to investigate the crack mechanism of buried ground fissures in the loess layer. The results show that there are two main cracks in the layer profile, which have a Y-shape morphology. As the dip angle of the preset cracks increased from 60° to 90°, the main deformation zone at the surface gradually shifted towards the footwall. The process of crack propagation from depth to surface is divided into five stages. Additionally, the results confirm the accuracy of the width of the rupture zone d2in the footwall calculated by the cantilever beam theory. These findings can offer theoretical guidance for determining the avoidance distance of ground fissures in loess regions, as well as for implementing disaster prevention and corresponding control measures for various stages of buried ground fissure propagation.

关键词： Ground fissure Fenwei Basin Physical model test Particle flow code Crack propagation

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Development characteristics and formation analysis of the Liangjia Village earth fissure in the Weihe Basin,China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第4期14卷 758-769页

作者： Junhua Zhu Jianwei Qiao Feiyong Wang quanzhong lu Yuyun Xia Ransheng Chen Haiyuan Zhao Jingliang Dong School of Civil Engineering and Architecture East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang330013China National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Civil Engineering East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang330013China China Jikan Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design Co. Ltd.Xi’an710043China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for the Property and Treatment of Special Soil and Rock Xi’an710043China School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China

Liangjia Village earth fissure,one of the 79 earth fissures along the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault located in the northern Weihe Basin,causes severe damage to buildings and *** the late 1950s,40 earth fissures have occurred in a similar east-west(EW)direction parallel to the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault,and a further 39 earth fissures have occurred with north-west,east-north,or north-east orientations intersecting the *** this study,a case study of Liangjia Village earth fissure was conducted to investigate the mechanisms of fissure generation in *** and geophysical methods including measurements,trenching,drilling,and seismic exploration were used to reveal the basic characteristics,geological background,and origin model of the Liangjia Village earth *** earth fissure,with a total length of 800 m in 2014,runs EW parallel to the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault,and it has damaged buildings and farmlands by forming sinkholes,gullies,subsidence,and a *** trenching results indicated that this fissure underwent multi-phase *** of geological drilling and shallow seismic profiling results showed that the fissure also possessed characteristics of a synsedimentary *** its genesis,the fissure was formed through the combined actions of three factors:an earthquake created the fissure,the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault controlled its development,and loess erosion and groundwater runoff subsequently enlarged the *** extension first generated many buried faults along the hanging wall of the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault before seismic activity caused the buried faults to propagate to the surface,where loess erosion and ground-water runoff promoted the formation of the current earth fissure.

关键词： earth fissure Kouzhen-Guanshan fault earthquake creep slip loess erosion

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Formation Mechanism of Ground Fissures Originated from the Hanging Wall of Normal Fault:A Case in Fen-Wei Basin,China

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第2期33卷 482-492页

作者： Zhijie Jia Jianbing Peng quanzhong lu Jianwei Qiao Feiyong Wang Mingdong Zang Yang Liu Junyan Zhao Fengji Zhu School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang an UniversityXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of Education Chang'an UniversityXfan 710064China China JK Institute of Engineering and Design Xfan 710043China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for the Property and Treatment of Special Soil and Rock Xfan 710043China School of Engineering and Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

This paper takes Fen-Wei Basin(FWB)as a case to study the ground fissures controlled by normal *** on the field investigation,geophysical exploration,drilling,GNSS data and numerical calculation,the characteristics and mechanism of ground fissures originated from the hanging wall of normal faults are *** results show that the distribution of ground fissures in the hanging wall and heading wall of the active faults is not *** fissures are mostly distributed in the hanging wall of active faults and show a linear distribution on the surface,their strike is consistent with the fault,mainly characterized by vertical offset and horizontal *** fissures destroy the farmland and building foundation through which they pass and cause the rupture or *** profile section,the ground fissure shows the characteristics of normal faults and dislocates the strata,and is connected with the underlying *** analysis shows that the vertical displacement of normal fault activity in hanging wall is much larger than that in heading wall,which is the reason that tectonic ground fissures mainly originate from hanging *** range of dangerous area of ground fissures is controlled by the depth of fault,the strength of the ground fissures disaster is mainly controlled by the activity of *** formation of the ground fissures originated from the hanging wall of the fault experienced three stages:the main fault activity stage,the secondary fault activity stage and the fissure formation stage.

关键词： ground fissure Fen-Wei Basin active fault dislocation theory formation mechanism hazards engineering geology

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A Comprehensive Method for the Risk Assessment of Ground Fissures:Case Study of the Eastern Weihe Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第6期34卷 1892-1907页

作者： Zhijie Jia Jianbing Peng quanzhong lu Penghui Ma Jianwei Qiao Feiyong Wang Mingdong Zang Yang Liu Junyan Zhao Fengji Zhu School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of Education Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China China JK Institute of Engineering and Design Xian 710043China School of Engineering and Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

Ground fissures are influenced by the coupling of geological factors and human *** threaten the safety of infrastructure and restrict town planning in many areas in *** of the area most severely affected by ground fissures is the Weihe Basin in North China,which has the most extensive distribution of ground fissures and all the elements that control their occurrence,pro-viding an ideal study area for the study of ground *** this study,we took the eastern Weihe Ba-sin as the study area and determined the distribution and hazard characteristics of ground fissures via field *** on the analytic hierarchy process,we propose a multi-level,comprehensive method for evaluating the hazards of ground *** method considers the geological back-ground,development status,and triggering factors of ground fissures,including all nine currently known assessment indices of ground *** used judgment matrices to rank the constructed ground fissure assessment index system at the single and total levels and quantified the nine assessment indices of ground fissures according to the field survey ***,we plotted the ground fissure risk zoning map and evaluated the ground fissure risk at the study *** findings indicated that the proposed method could facilitate ground fissure hazard assessment and prediction and provide support for hazard prevention and urban/rural planning.

关键词： ground fissure analytic hierarchy process hazards risk assessment hazard prevention

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Characteristics and formation analysis of earth fissure in Anren area in Wei River Basin， China

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年

作者： Jianwei Qiao Zhenjiang Meng Yuyun Xia Cong Liu quanzhong lu Feiyong Wang Yuanqiang Zhou Haiyuan Zhao China Jikan Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design Co.， Ltd. Shaanxi Key Laboratory for the Property and Treatment of Special Soil and Rock School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics， Chang'an University Key Laboratory of Western China Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering School of Engineering and Technology， China University of Geosciences (Beijing)

Since the 1950’s， 212 earth fissures have been discovered in the Wei River Basin. During a field survey in 2016， an additional 48 earth fissures were discovered in Anren area， northeast of the Wei River Basin. The characteristics and formation mechanisms of these fissures were studied through field investigations， measurements， trench excavation， and drilling. On-site investigations indicated that these earth fissures were distributed along a fault-controlled geomorphic boundary. Fissures trended at 60°–80° NE and were divided into five groups. Trenches revealed multiple secondary fissures， exposing severe soil ruptures in the shallow earth surfaces. Drilling profiles revealed that earth fissures dislocated several strata， and resembled synsedimentary faults. Seismic reflection profiles revealed buried faults beneath the earth fissures. The Anren area fissures formed in the following three stages: regional extension that initially generated multiple buried faults; seismic activity rupturing multiple strata， resulting in multiple buried fractures; and finally， erosion processes that propagated the buried fractures to the surface， forming the current earth fissures.

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裂隙性黄土力学特性试验研究

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中南大学学报（自然科学版） 2015年第6期46卷 2188-2195页

作者：孙萍彭建兵吴树仁卢全中中国地质科学院地质力学研究所北京100081 国土资源部新构造运动与地质灾害重点实验室北京100081 长安大学地测学院陕西西安710054

裂隙性黄土中存在的节理裂隙结构面改变黄土本身的细微观结构,是黄土地区地裂缝、地面沉陷、滑坡、崩塌和水土流失等地质灾害的构造基础之一。以陕西三原Q2裂隙性黄土为研究对象,分别对0°,30°,45°,60°及90°5种不同角度裂隙试样进... 详细信息

裂隙性黄土中存在的节理裂隙结构面改变黄土本身的细微观结构,是黄土地区地裂缝、地面沉陷、滑坡、崩塌和水土流失等地质灾害的构造基础之一。以陕西三原Q2裂隙性黄土为研究对象,分别对0°,30°,45°,60°及90°5种不同角度裂隙试样进行单轴拉伸试验及三轴剪切试验研究,分析不同角度裂隙黄土试样的拉应力-应变关系及不同围压下不同角度裂隙黄土试样的剪应力-应变关系,探讨裂隙性黄土的抗拉破裂特性及抗剪破裂特性,为深入研究地质环境下黄土体中地质灾害的力学机制提供参考。

关键词：裂隙性黄土拉伸剪切应力-应变破裂特性

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西安地铁四号线沿线地裂缝活动趋势预测及危险性评价

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现代隧道技术 2013年第2期50卷 20-25页

作者：唐文鹏黄强兵王德志卢全中广州地铁设计研究院有限公司西安分院西安710018 长安大学地质工程系西安710054 长安大学西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室西安710054

西安地铁四号线是西安市轨道交通线网中的十字骨架,是线网中的骨干线路,它穿越了14条活动的地裂缝带。为进一步研究西安地裂缝,给地铁线路沿线地裂缝的防灾减灾提供科学依据,本文通过野外地质环境和地质灾害调查,着重查明了西安地铁四... 详细信息

西安地铁四号线是西安市轨道交通线网中的十字骨架,是线网中的骨干线路,它穿越了14条活动的地裂缝带。为进一步研究西安地裂缝,给地铁线路沿线地裂缝的防灾减灾提供科学依据,本文通过野外地质环境和地质灾害调查,着重查明了西安地铁四号线沿线的14条地裂缝的发育特征;并根据近些年的监测成果资料对地裂缝的活动性进行了分析总结,预测了其活动趋势;采用定量计算的方法确定了地裂缝对地铁线路的影响范围,并在综合分析地铁线路危害特点的基础上确定了地裂缝与线路相交段的危险性等级,最终将与地铁四号线相交的地裂缝划分为Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级三个等级。地裂缝灾害是西安主要的地质灾害,在地铁建设中要给予高度重视。

关键词：西安地铁地裂缝活动趋势危险性评价

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运城盆地尉郭地裂缝基本特征与成因分析

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自然灾害学报 2017年第6期26卷 110-119页

作者：乔建伟彭建兵卢全中长安大学地质工程系陕西西安710054 长安大学国土资源部岩土工程开放研究实验室陕西西安710054 长安大学西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室陕西西安710054

尉郭地裂缝位于运城盆地东南部的中条山断裂上盘,造成沿线基础设施开裂变形,包括房屋墙体开裂变形、道路错断和农田变形龟裂等,给沿线农业生产和人民生活造成了严重经济损失。本文以尉郭地裂缝为研究对象,基于大量的野外地质调查和地表... 详细信息

尉郭地裂缝位于运城盆地东南部的中条山断裂上盘,造成沿线基础设施开裂变形,包括房屋墙体开裂变形、道路错断和农田变形龟裂等,给沿线农业生产和人民生活造成了严重经济损失。本文以尉郭地裂缝为研究对象,基于大量的野外地质调查和地表测绘,详细的描述了地裂缝的基本特征。利用一系列的地质勘探如探槽、钻探和地球物理勘探工作,分析了地裂缝与构造断裂的关系,发现该地裂缝与下部隐伏断裂相连,地裂缝是隐伏断裂的延伸,隐伏断裂是尉郭地裂缝的控制因素;进一步的研究表明超采地下水引起的地面沉降是尉郭地裂缝的诱发因素,表水的入渗潜蚀是地裂缝的扩展因素。最后,概化了尉郭地裂缝的成因机理为断裂控缝,抽水诱缝和潜蚀扩缝。

关键词：运城盆地地裂缝基本特征成因分析

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同沉积断层研究综述

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工程地质学报 2021年第4期29卷 1155-1166页

作者：刘阳卢全中占洁伟刘聪长安大学地质工程系西安710054 长安大学西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室西安710054

同沉积断层是沉积盆地最基本的地质构造形式,控制着盆地的空间展布、几何形态、沉积韵律以及油气储层的分布。结合国内外研究进展,本文从特征和分类、次生构造、研究方法、成因和演化理论等方面对同沉积断层的研究现状进行了总结和论述... 详细信息

同沉积断层是沉积盆地最基本的地质构造形式,控制着盆地的空间展布、几何形态、沉积韵律以及油气储层的分布。结合国内外研究进展,本文从特征和分类、次生构造、研究方法、成因和演化理论等方面对同沉积断层的研究现状进行了总结和论述,认为同沉积断层的精细探测、定量评价和高精度模拟是今后研究的重点。基于一些构造地裂缝的发育特征和同沉积断层特点,提出了同沉积地裂缝的概念,并以西安地裂缝为例,阐述了同沉积地裂缝的特征,指出从同沉积作用出发研究地裂缝的发育模式、形成机制、破裂扩展效应以及影响带宽度是今后构造地裂缝研究的方向。

关键词：同沉积断层次生构造成因演化同沉积地裂缝

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