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From Independence to Interconnection--A Review of AI Technology Applied in Energy Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2019年第1期5卷 21-34页

作者： qiuye sun Lingxiao Yang State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Processes Industries and also with the College of Information Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The development of diversified energy structures,distributed energy scheduling models and active participation ability of users,leads to a rapid movement toward energy system in which different energy carriers and systems interact together in a synergistic *** energy development will face many challenges with the requirements of big data processing capability,professional skill,distributed collaboration and realtime monitoring for the energy system that demands an intelligent and flexible tool to realize the smart *** intelligence(AI)technology has become a focus because of its better *** paper proposed a classification method that incorporates the intelligence of an independent energy unit(IEU)and the intelligence among interconnected energy units(IEUS)to review the development of AI technology in energy *** dominant structures of IEU can be considered from three aspects including perception,decision and implementation to study the optimal strategy for AI methods utilized in *** considering the interaction relationship of IEUS,the AI applied for it can be described by the coordinated relationship and adversarial relationship problems to achieve *** discussing the AI technologies and the potentials of AI in the energy system,some suggestions are presented to improve intelligent technologies for sustainable energy systems in the future.

关键词： Artificial intelligence energy system independent energy unit interconnected energy units smart energy

Emission Trading Based Optimal Scheduling Strategy of Energy Hub with Energy Storage and Integrated Electric Vehicles

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第2期8卷 267-275页

作者： Yanhong Luo Xinwen Zhang Dongsheng Yang qiuye sun the School of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004China

This paper focuses on the optimal scheduling of the district energy system with multiple energy supply modes and flexible *** multi-energy system(MES),the energy hub(EH)model including energy storage system and integrated electric vehicle(EV)is *** on the model,the influence of pollutant trading market on total operation cost is analyzed,and the optimal scheduling strategy is further put forward to realize the minimum purchase cost and emission tax cost of the ***,this paper compares the economic benefit of the fixed mode and the response mode,and discusses the contribution of the energy storage device and the multi-energy complementary mode to energy utilization *** simulation results indicate that optimal scheduling strategy of the EH can coordinate various energy complementary modes ***,the proposed strategy is able to improve the operation economy of the EH,and ensure the better response effect of the demand *** sensitivity analysis demonstrates the impact of pollutant emission price change on emission reduction.

关键词： Energy hub(EH) demand response electric vehicle(EV) energy storage emission trading operation optimization

A network-based virtual slack bus model for energy conversion units in dynamic energy flow analysis

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 243-254页

作者： HUANG YuJia sun qiuye WANG Rui LIU GuangLiang School of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Integrated energy system(IES) is a viable route to “carbon peak and carbon neutral”. As the basis and cornerstone of economic operation and security of IES, energy flow calculation(EFC) has been widely studied. Traditional EFC focuses on the single or distributed slack bus models, which results in the lack of unlimited power to maintain system operation, especially for electric power grid working in islanded or coupled mode. To deal with this problem, this paper proposes a network-based virtual-slack bus(VSB) model in EFC. Firstly, considering the anticipated growth of energy conversion units(ECUs) with power adjustment capacity, the generators and ECUs are together modeled as a virtual slack bus model to reduce the concentrated power burden of IES. Based on this model, a power sensitivity method is designed to achieve the power sharing among the ECUs, where the power can be allocated adaptively based on the network conditions. Moreover, the method is helpful to maintain the voltage and pressure profile of IES. With these changes, a dynamic energy flow analysis including virtual slack bus types is extended for *** can realize the assessment of the system state. Finally, simulation studies illustrate the beneficial roles of the VSB model.

关键词： integrated energy system energy flow analysis power sensitivity method virtual slack bus

The Initial Guess Estimation Newton Method for Power Flow in Distribution Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2017年第2期4卷 231-242页

作者： qiuye sun Ling Liu Dazhong Ma Huaguang Zhang School of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University School of College of Science Northeastern University IEEE Key Laboratory of Integrated Automation of Process Industry (Northeastern University) of the National Education Ministry

With the increasing integration of distributed generations U+0028 DGs U+0029, there is a demand for DGs to play a more important role on the voltage regulation. Meanwhile, the high penetration of DGs could raise a technical problem that the distribution system may operate with bi-directional power flow, leading to the inadequacy of the traditional power flow. Considering this new scenario in distribution system power flow, the convergence theorem is proposed, which contributes to develop a novel selection method of the initial guess closed to the convergent solution. Moreover, to ensure the fast rate of power flow convergence, the theorem of the maximum iterations estimation is also proposed. Based on the two proposed theorems, an Initial Guess Estimation Newton method is proposed, considering different operational status of DGs and initial guess sensitivity simultaneously. Based on the standard node systems, Tongliao grid, and 69 system of USA, three simulation examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2017 Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Distributed power generation Iterative methods Newton Raphson method Voltage regulators

Containment-Based Multiple PCC Voltage Regulation Strategy for Communication Link and Sensor Faults

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第11期10卷 2045-2055页

作者： Meina Zhai qiuye sun Rui Wang Huaguang Zhang College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China IEEE

The distributed AC microgrid(MG) voltage restoration problem has been extensively studied. Still, many existing secondary voltage control strategies neglect the co-regulation of the voltage at the point of common coupling(PCC) in the AC multi-MG system(MMS). When an MMS consists of sub-MGs connected in series, power flow between the sub-MGs is not possible if the PCC voltage regulation relies on traditional consensus control objectives. In addition, communication faults and sensor faults are inevitable in the MMS. Therefore, a resilient voltage regulation strategy based on containment control is ***, the feedback linearization technique allows us to deal with the nonlinear distributed generation(DG) dynamics, where the PCC regulation problem of an AC MG is transformed into an output feedback tracking problem for a linear multi-agent system(MAS) containing nonlinear dynamics. This process is an indispensable pre-processing in control algorithm design. Moreover, considering the unavailability of full-state measurements and the potential faults present in the sensors, a novel follower observer is designed to handle communication faults. Based on this, a controller based on containment control is designed to achieve voltage regulation. In regulating multiple PCC voltages to a reasonable upper and lower limit, a voltage difference exists between sub-MGs to achieve power flow. In addition, the secondary control algorithm avoids using global information of directed communication network and fault boundaries for communication link and sensor faults. Finally, the simulation results verify the performance of the proposed strategy.

关键词： Communication link faults directed graph fully distributed control voltage regulation control

Adaptive Event-Triggered Time-Varying Output Group Formation Containment Control of Heterogeneous Multiagent Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1398-1409页

作者： Lihong Feng Bonan Huang Jiayue sun qiuye sun Xiangpeng Xie College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China College of Automation and College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China IEEE

In this paper,a class of time-varying output group formation containment control problem of general linear hetero-geneous multiagent systems(MASs)is investigated under directed *** MAS is composed of a number of tracking leaders,formation leaders and followers,where two different types of leaders are used to provide reference trajectories for movement and to achieve certain formations,***,compen-sators are designed whose states are estimations of tracking lead-ers,based on which,a controller is developed for each formation leader to accomplish the expected ***,two event-triggered compensators are proposed for each follower to evalu-ate the state and formation information of the formation leaders in the same group,***,a control protocol is designed for each follower,utilizing the output information,to guide the output towards the convex hull generated by the forma-tion leaders within the ***,the triggering sequence in this paper is decomposed into two sequences,and the inter-event intervals of these two triggering conditions are provided to rule out the Zeno ***,a numerical simulation is intro-duced to confirm the validity of the proposed results.

关键词： Adaptive control event-triggered mechanisms for-mation containment(FC) heterogeneous multiagent systems time-varying group formation.

Exponential-function-based droop control for islanded microgrids

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第4期7卷 899-912页

作者： Rui WANG qiuye sun Yonghao GUI Dazhong MA College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyangChina Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark

An exponential-function-based droop control strategy for the distributed energy resources(DERs)is proposed to reduce the reactive power-sharing deviation,limit the minimum value of frequency/voltage,whilst improving the utilization rate of renewable *** DERs and loads are interconnected to achieve a power exchange by converters,where the power management system should accurately share the active/reactive power ***,the proportional reactive power sharing often deteriorates due to its dependence on the line ***,an exponential-function-based droop control is proposed to(1)prevent voltage and frequency from falling to the lower restraint,(2)achieve accurate reactive power sharing,(3)eliminate communication and improve the usage ratio of renewable ***,its stability is analyzed,and the application in islanded AC/DC hybrid microgrids is investigated to achieve the bidirectional power *** simulation and experimental results show that the reactive power sharing deviation can be reduced,and the utilization rate of renewable energy is improved by using the proposed ***,the simulation results illustrate that the system can maintain stable operation when the microgrid is switched from one supplied energy operation condition to another absorbed one.

关键词： Distributed energy resources(DERs) Reactive power-sharing Droop control Bidirectional power flow

Small-signal stability and robustness analysis for microgrids under time-constrained DoS attacks and a mitigation adaptive secondary control method

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第6期65卷 107-124页

作者： qiuye sun Bingyu WANG Xiaomeng FENG Shiyan HU College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton

With the close integration of cyber and power systems, the consensus-based secondary frequency control in a microgrid is increasingly vulnerable to communication failures such as transmission delays and denial-of-service(DoS) attacks, which can affect the efficiency of frequency recovery in the secondary frequency control. Leveraging the small-signal model, this paper develops a novel cyber-physical system model to analyze the cross-layer effect of DoS attacks on microgrids. In this way, the cross-layer impact on the microgrid from the cyber system to the physical system can be convincingly analyzed. Based on the root approximation method, the tolerant saving time is designed for the microgrid as the index to evaluate the tolerance margin of the time-constrained DoS attack, and then the relationship between the margin and secondary control coefficients is found. A mitigation adaptive secondary control technique is proposed so that the attacked microgrid can dynamically tune the secondary control gain according to the saving time and tolerant saving time(TST). The simulation results show that although the microgrid with high secondary control gain has good dynamic robustness, its TST is low. In addition, the proposed adaptive secondary control system is significantly better than the traditional control system in terms of the stability performance of the microgrid under a DoS attack.

关键词： microgrid hierarchical control architecture cyber-physical system security denial-of-service attack adaptive secondary frequency control

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Adaptive Dead-Time Modulation Scheme for Bidirectional LLC Resonant Converter in Energy Router

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1710-1721页

作者： Chenghao sun qiuye sun Rui Wang Yuyang Li Dazhong Ma College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Although the dead-time optimization design of resonant converters has been widely researched,classical design methods focus more on achieving zero-voltage switching(ZVS)*** body diode loss is always ignored,which results in low-efficiency of the converter,especially,in energy router(ER).To deal with this problem,this paper proposes an adaptive deadtime modulation scheme for bidirectional LLC resonant converters in ***,the power loss of the MOSFET is analyzed based on the ***,a novel dead-time optimization modulation principle is *** can eliminate the body diode loss of MOSFET compared with existing *** on the optimization modulation principle,this paper proposes an adaptive dead-time modulation *** this end,the converter adopting the scheme no longer needs to calculate dead-time,which simplifies the parameter design ***,this scheme enables dead-time to dynamically change with working conditions according to the dead-time optimization modulation *** these effects,the ZVS operation is achieved,and the body diode loss of MOSFET is also ***,a digital implementation method is designed to make the proposed modulation scheme have fast-transient ***,experimental results show that the proposed dead-time modulation scheme enables converters to achieve ZVS operation in all working conditions,and has higher efficiency than classical dead-time design methods.

关键词： Adaptive modulation bidirectional LLC body diode loss dead-time energy router ZVS