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Interdependence between transportation system and power distribution system: a comprehensive review on models and applications

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第3期7卷 433-448页

作者： Wei WEI Danman wu qiuwei wu Miadreza SHAFIE-KHAH Joao PSCATALAO State Key Laboratory of Power System Department ofElectrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Universityof DenmarkCopenhagenDenmark School of Technology and Innovations University of VaasaVaasaFinland Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technologyand Science(INESC TEC)PortoPortugal Faculty of Engineering University of PortoPortoPortugal

The rapidly increasing penetration of electric vehicles(EVs) in modern metropolises has been witnessed during the past decade, inspired by financial subsidies as well as public awareness of climate change and environment pro-tection. Integrating charging facilities, especially highpower chargers in fast charging stations, into power distribution systems remarkably alters the traditional load flow pattern, and thus imposes great challenges on the operation of distribution network in which controllable resources are rare. On the other hand, provided with appropriate incentives, the energy storage capability of electric vehicle offers a unique opportunity to facilitate the integration of distributed wind and solar power generation into power distribution system. The above trends call for thorough investigation and research on the interdependence between transportation system and power distribution system. This paper conducts a comprehensive survey on this line of research. The basic models of transportation system and power distribution system are introduced,especially the user equilibrium model, which describes the vehicular flow on each road segment and is not familiar to the readers in power system community. The modelling of interdependence across the two systems is *** into account such interdependence, applications ranging from long-term planning to short-term operation are reviewed with emphasis on comparing the description of traffic-power interdependence. Finally, an outlook of prospective directions and key technologies in future research is summarized.

关键词： Charging station Electric vehicle(EV) Interdependence Power flow Power distribution system Transportation system User equilibrium

ADMM-based Distributed Active and Reactive Power Control for Regional AC Power Grid with Wind Farms

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第3期10卷 588-596页

作者： Pengda Wang qiuwei wu Sheng Huang Canbing Li Bin Zhou Center for Electric Power and Energy(CEE) Department of Electrical EngineeringTechnical University of Denmark(DTU)Kgs.Lyngby 2800Denmark School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

A distributed active and reactive power control(DARPC)strategy based on the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)is proposed for regional AC transmission system(TS)with wind farms(WFs).The proposed DARPC strategy optimizes the power distribution among the WFs to minimize the power losses of the AC TS while tracking the active power reference from the transmission system operator(TSO),and minimizes the voltage deviation of the buses inside the WF from the rated voltage as well as the power losses of the WF collection *** optimal power flow(OPF)of the TS is relaxed by using the semidefinite programming(SDP)relaxation while the branch flow model is used to model the WF collection *** the DARPC strategy,the large-scale strongly-coupled optimization problem is decomposed by using the ADMM,which is solved in the regional TS controller and WF controllers in parallel without loss of the global *** boundary information is exchanged between the regional TS controller and WF *** with the conventional OPF method of the TS with WFs,the optimality and accuracy of the system operation can be ***,the proposed strategy efficiently reduces the computation burden of the TS controller and eliminates the need of a central *** protection of the information privacy can be enhanced.A modified IEEE 9-bus system with two WFs consisting of 64 wind turbines(WTs)is used to validate the proposed DARPC strategy.

关键词： Alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM) distributed active and reactive power control(DARPC) optimal power flow(OPF) semidefinite programming(SDP) wind farm

Model Predictive Control Based Coordinated Voltage Control for Offshore Radial DC-connected Wind Farms

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第1期11卷 280-289页

作者： wu Liao qiuwei wu Hesong Cui Sheng Huang Yusheng Gong Bin Zhou College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangshaChina Electrical Technology and Economics of Machinery Industry Institute of Beijing BeijingChina Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co.Ltd.ChangshaChina

In this study,a coordinated voltage control strategy based on model predictive control(MPC)is proposed for offshore radial DC-connected wind *** control modes are designed in this *** the economic operation mode,the wind farm controller generates optimal active power references as well as bus voltage references of medium-voltage collector for DC-connected wind turbine(DCWT)systems and high-voltage DC/DC converters,where the goal is to minimize power losses inside the wind farm and ensure that voltages are within a feasible range,all while tracking the power *** the voltage control mode,the main control objective for the wind farm controller is to minimize voltage deviations from the rated *** the MPC,the control objective and operation constraints can be explicitly represented in the optimization problem while considering the dynamic response of the DCWT *** addition,a sensitivity coefficient calculation method for radial DC-connected wind farms is developed to improve computational ***,DC-connected wind farms with 20 wind turbines are used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed strategy.

关键词： Wind farm DC/DC converter model predictive control(MPC) voltage control

Optimal Operation of Flexible Distribution Networks for Security Improvement Considering Active Management

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第3期9卷 996-1007页

作者： Jia Liu Pingliang Zeng Hao Xing Yalou Li qiuwei wu Department of Automation Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark

This paper presents a stochastic optimal operation problem of gas turbine integrated distribution networks in the presence of active management schemes,which is formulated as a multi-objective chance-constrained mixed integer nonlinear programming *** control variables are the on-load tap-changer tap position,the power provided by the distributed generation(DG),the DG power factor angle,the load participating in demand side management and the switch *** objectives defined in this paper are to simultaneously minimize the expectation cost and variation coefficient of security *** related to DG output and load fluctuation and fault power restoration under contingencies are also considered in the optimization *** collaboration of normal boundary intersection and the dynamic niche differential evolution algorithm is proposed to handle the optimal operation *** results are presented and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed *** with the operation result without the consideration of security,the security-constrained operation can reduce the expectation ***,the proposed optimization is reasonable and valuable.

关键词： Active management flexible distribution networks optimal operation security improvement uncertainties

Heat Pumps in Denmark:Current Situation in Providing Frequency Control Ancillary Services

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第3期8卷 769-779页

作者： Menglin Zhang qiuwei wu Theis Bo Harild Rasmussen Xiaodong Yang Jinyu Wen Department of Electrical Engineering Centre for Electric Power and EnergyTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

-The Danish government set an ambitious goal to achieve a fully renewable-based energy system by *** this context,the integrated electricity and heating system is undergoing rapid development in Denmark as a promising way to accommodate the ever-growing renewable energy sources(RESs).The electric heat pumps(HPs),coupled with the power and heat sectors,can propagate the flexibility on the heat consumer side to the power system operations,playing an important role of improving system flexibility and balancing the variability of the *** this paper,the current development situation of HPs in Denmark is analyzed,including both the large-scale HPs in the district heating system and individual HPs on the residential *** possibility of using HPs to provide frequency control ancillary service(FCAS)is analyzed according to the market and technical requirements of the FCAS in the Danish transmission system and experimental results of representative demonstration projects of HPs.A comprehensive analysis of the advantages,barriers,future prospects,and challenges for using HPs to provide the FCAS are carried out from the perspectives of different entities.

关键词： Danish energy system frequency control ancillary service individual heat pumps integrated electricity and heat system large-scale heat pumps power to heat

Distributionally Robust Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Uncertainty of Contingency Probability

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第4期10卷 894-901页

作者： Weilun Wang Mingqiang Wang Xueshan Han Ming Yang qiuwei wu Ran Li Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityJinan 250002China Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkRegion HovedstadenDenmark

The outage of power system equipment is one of the most important factors that affect the reliability and economy of power *** is crucial to consider the influence of contingencies elaborately in planning *** this paper,a distributionally robust transmission expansion planning model is proposed in which the uncertainty of contingency probability is *** uncertainty of contingency probability is described by uncertainty interval based on the outage rate of single *** epigraph reformulation and Benders decomposition are applied to solve the proposed ***,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model are illustrated on the IEEE RTS system and the IEEE 118-bus system.

关键词： Benders decomposition distributionally robust equipment outage rate transmission expansion planning

Two-step Optimal Allocation of Stationary and Mobile Energy Storage Systems in Resilient Distribution Networks

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第4期9卷 788-799页

作者： Xinyi Jiang Jian Chen qiuwei wu Wen Zhang Yicheng Zhang Jie Liu Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Center for Electric Power and Energy(CEE) Department of Electrical EngineeringTechnical University of Denmark(DTU)2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark Institute for Infocomm Research(I2R) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore State Grid Yantai Power Supply Company YantaiChina

Energy storage systems (ESSs) are acknowledged to be a promising option to cope with issues in high penetration of renewable energy and guarantee a highly reliable power supply. In this paper, a two-step optimal allocation model is proposed to obtain the optimal allocation (location and size) of stationary ESSs (SESSs) and mobile ESSs (MESSs) in the resilient distribution networks (DNs). In the first step, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem is formulated to obtain the preselected location of ESSs with consideration of different scenarios under normal operation conditions. In the second step, a two-stage robust optimization model is established to get the optimal allocation results of ESSs under failure operation conditions which are solved by column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm. A hybrid ESS allocation strategy based on the subjective and objective weight analysis is proposed to give the final allocation scheme of SESSs and MESSs. Finally, the proposed two-step optimal allocation model is demonstrated on a modified IEEE 33-bus system to show its effectiveness and merits.

关键词： Resilient distribution network stationary energy storage system mobile energy storage system optimal allocation

Transition towards higher penetration of renewables: an overview of interlinked technical, environmental and socio-economic challenges

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第1期7卷 1-8页

作者： Xinyu CHEN Michael B.MCELROY qiuwei wu Yinbiao SHU Yusheng XUE John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Denmark State Grid Corporation of China State Grid Electric Power Research Institute

Investment for renewables has been growing rapidly since the beginning of the new century, and the momentum is expected to sustain in order to mitigate the impact of anthropogenic climate *** towards higher renewable penetration in the power industry will not only confront technical challenges, but also face socio-economic *** connected between environment and energy systems are also tightened under elevated penetration of *** paper will provide an overview of some important challenges related to technical, environmental and socio-economic aspects at elevated renewable *** integrated analytical framework for interlinked technical, environmental and socio-economic systems will be presented at the end.

关键词： Wind power Solar power Integrated energy systems Missing money problem Low carbon policies

Driving pattern analysis of Nordic region based on National Travel Surveys for electric vehicle integration

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2015年第2期3卷 180-189页

作者： Zhaoxi LIU qiuwei wu Linda CHRISTENSEN Antti RAUTIAINEN Yusheng XUE Centre for Electric Power and Energy(CEE) Department of Electrical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkElektrovej 325Kgs.Lyngby 2800Denmark Department of Transport Technical University of DenmarkKgs.Lyngby 2800Denmark Department of Electrical Engineering Tampere University of TechnologyTampere 33101Finland State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Nanjing 210003China

Electic vehicles(EVs)show great potential to cope with the intermittency of renewable energy sources(RES)and provide demand side flexibility required by the smart ***,EVs will increase the electricity *** scale integration of EVs will probably have substantial impacts on power *** paper presents a methodology to transform driving behavior of person into one of the cars in order to analyze the driving pattern of EVs based on the National Travel *** the proposed methodology,a statistical process is used to obtain the driving behavior of cars by grouping the survey respondents according to the driving license number and car number,and mapping the households with similar *** proposed methodology was used to carry out the driving pattern analysis in the Nordic *** detailed driving requirements and charging/discharging availability of vehicles along the day were *** types of EV availabilities were studied in this paper considering different charging/discharging conditions of EVs for the power system integration,*** availability all day and EV availability at *** results show that the daily driving requirements of the Nordic region are not very *** driving patterns of vehicles in the Nordic region vary on weekdays and *** two types of EV availabilities are quite different from each other.

关键词： Driving pattern Electric vehicles(EVs) EV availability Nordic Power system integration