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Ustilaginoidea virens modulates lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation in rice flowers during infection

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第10期63卷 1801-1814页

作者： Xiaoyang Chen qiutao xu Yuhang Duan Hao Liu Xiaolin Chen Junbin Huang Chaoxi Luo Dao-Xiu Zhou Lu Zheng State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology/Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Institute of Plant Science Paris-Saclay(IPS2) CNRSINRAEUniversity Paris-SaclayOrsay 91405France

The post-translational modification lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation(K_(hib))plays an important role in gene transcription,metabolism,and enzymatic activity.K_(hib)sites have been identified in rice(Oryza sativa).However,the K_(hib)status of proteins in rice flowers during pathogen infection remains ***,we report a comprehensive identification of K_(hib)-modified proteins in rice flowers,and the changes in these proteins during infection with the fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea *** using a tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics approach,we identified 2,891 K_(hib)sites on 964 proteins in rice *** data demonstrated that 2-hydroxyisobutyrylated proteins are involved in diverse biological processes.K_(hib)levels were substantially reduced upon infection with *** immunoprecipitation polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and reverse transcription quantitative PCR analyses revealed that histone K_(hib)is involved in the expression of disease-resistance *** importantly,most quantified sites on core histones H3 were downregulated upon *** *** addition,the histone deacetylases HDA705,HDA716,SRT1,and SRT2 are involved in the removal of K_(hib)marks in ***705 was further confirmed to negatively regulate rice disease resistance to pathogens ***,Magnaporthe oryzae,and Xanthomonas oryzae ***(Xoo).Our data suggest that *** could modulate K_(hib)in rice flowers during infection.

关键词： histone deacetylases infection Khib Ustilaginoidea virens

Comparative oxidation proteomics analyses suggest redox regulation of cytosolic translation in rice leaves upon Magnaporthe oryzae infection

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Plant Communications 2023年第3期4卷 302-315页

作者： Xiaoyang Chen qiutao xu Yaping Yue Yuhang Duan Hao Liu Xiaolin Chen Junbin Huang Lu Zheng State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology/Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Plant Protection Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Pathogen attack can increase plant levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),which act as signaling molecules to activate plant defense *** these processes is crucial for understanding redox signaling pathways in plant defense *** an iodo-tandem mass tag(TMT)-based quantitative proteomics approach,we mapped 3362 oxidized cysteine sites in 2275 proteins in rice *** proteins were involved in gene expression,peptide biosynthetic processes,stress responses,ROS metabolic processes,and translation *** oryzae infection led to increased oxidative modification levels of 512 cysteine sites in 438 proteins,including many transcriptional regulators and ribosomal *** profiling(Ribo-seq)analysis revealed that the oxidative modification of ribosomal proteins promoted the translational efficiency of many mRNAs involved in defense response pathways,thereby affecting rice *** results suggest that increased oxidative modification of ribosomal proteins in rice leaves promotes cytosolic translation,thus revealing a novel function of posttranslational ***,the oxidation-sensitive proteins identified here provide a valuable resource for research on protein redox regulation and can guide future mechanistic studies.

关键词： ROS protein oxidation translation infection immunity rice

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关于维护中国文化安全的几点思考

天津市工会管理干部学院学报 2011年第3期19卷 63-64页

作者：徐秋涛肇庆学院肇庆市526061

全球化背景下,文化安全问题日益凸显。文化安全如若丧失,将深层次动摇一个国家的生活根基,人们的认同基础将会模糊,人心将会涣散,国家凝聚力亦会减弱。因此,我们应在文化强权与文化冲突中不断强化自己的文化,在文化交流中凸显文化外交... 详细信息

全球化背景下,文化安全问题日益凸显。文化安全如若丧失,将深层次动摇一个国家的生活根基,人们的认同基础将会模糊,人心将会涣散,国家凝聚力亦会减弱。因此,我们应在文化强权与文化冲突中不断强化自己的文化,在文化交流中凸显文化外交的积极载体作用,努力实现外来文化与本土文化的有机融合。

关键词：全球化中国文化安全

Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by *** understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were *** rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global *** δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,*** end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate *** isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid *** on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely *** the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier ***,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China

Laboratory evaluation of high-friction thin overlays for pavement preservation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 936-948页

作者： Ouming xu Rentao xu Lintong JIN School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China

Traditional asphalt concrete(AC)and stone matrix asphalt(SMA),which are used as thin asphalt overlays,are common maintenance strategies to enhancing ride quality,skid resistance,and ***,several studies have used a novel asphalt mixture known as a high-friction thin overlay(HFTO)to improve surface ***,it remains uncertain whether the laboratory properties of HFTO differ significantly from those of conventional *** study aims to evaluate the laboratory properties of HFTO mixtures and compare them with those of AC and *** mixtures with nominal maximum size of 9.5 mm were produced in the laboratory,and performance tests were conducted,including wheel tracking test,low temperature flexural creep test,moisture susceptibility test,Cantabro Abrasion Test,Marshall Test,sand patch test,British pendulum test,and indoor tire-rollingdown *** results showed that the HFTO exhibited a lower tire/pavement noise than the AC and ***,HFTO had superior high-temperature stability,larger macro texture,and higher skid resistance in comparison to those of AC,but lower than those of ***,HFTO mixtures may be considered a suitable replacement for traditional AC mixtures in regions where skid resistance and noise reduction are concerns.

关键词： road engineering pavement maintenance high friction thin overlay performance skid resistance tire/pavement noise

Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health *** this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically ***,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was *** DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of ***,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and ***,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

Granting strength to aerogel fibers through encapsulation

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Science China Materials 2024年第4期67卷 1365-1366页

作者： Wenhui xu Department of Basic Chemistry School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China

Aerogel fibers, distinguished by their lightweight nature, pronounced porosity, large surface area, and superior thermal insulation properties, have diversified applications in thermal management, energy devices, and environmental remediation[1]. However, compared with monolithic ones, these fibershaped aerogels exhibit limited mechanical strength and resilience due to their one-dimensional small size.

关键词： strength fibers thermal

Skeletal interoception in osteoarthritis

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 241-254页

作者： Dinglong Yang Jiawen xu Ke xu Peng xu Department of Joint Surgery Honghui HospitalXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

The interoception maintains proper physiological conditions and metabolic homeostasis by releasing regulatory signals after perceving changes in the internal state of the *** its various forms,skeletal interoception specifically regulates the metabolic homeostasis of ***(OA)is a complex joint disorder involving cartilage,subchondral bone,and *** subchondral bone undergoes continuous remodeling to adapt to dynamic joint *** findings highlight that skeletal interoception mediated by aberrant mechanical loads contributes to pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone,resulting in subchondral bone sclerosis in *** skeletal interoception is also a potential mechanism for chronic synovial inflammation in *** this review,we offer a general overview of interoception,specifically skeletal interoception,subchondral bone microenviroment and the aberrant subchondral *** also discuss the role of skeletal interoception in abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and synovial inflammation in OA,as well as the potential prospects and challenges in exploring novel OA therapies that target skeletal interoception.

关键词： homeostasis inflammation releasing

Malware Evasion Attacks Against IoT and Other Devices: An Empirical Study

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 127-142页

作者： Yan xu Deqiang Li Qianmu Li Shouhuai xu School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCO 80918USA

The Internet of Things(loT)has grown rapidly due to artificial intelligence driven edge *** enabling many new functions,edge computing devices expand the vulnerability surface and have become the target of malware ***,attackers have used advanced techniques to evade defenses by transforming their malware into functionality-preserving *** systematically analyze such evasion attacks and conduct a large-scale empirical study in this paper to evaluate their impact on *** specifically,we focus on two forms of evasion attacks:obfuscation and adversarial *** the best of our knowledge,this paper is the first to investigate and contrast the two families of evasion attacks *** apply 10 obfuscation attacks and 9 adversarial attacks to 2870 malware *** obtained findings are as follows.(1)Commercial Off-The-Shelf(COTS)malware detectors are vulnerable to evasion attacks.(2)Adversarial attacks affect COTS malware detectors slightly more effectively than obfuscated malware examples.(3)Code similarity detection approaches can be affected by obfuscated examples and are barely affected by adversarial attacks.(4)These attacks can preserve the functionality of original malware examples.

关键词： Android malware obfuscation adversarial examples