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The replication crisis and its relevance to Earth Science studies:case studies and recommendations

Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 304-314页

作者： Stephen J.Puetz Kent c.condie Kurt Sundell Nick M.W.Roberts christopher J.Spencer Slah Boulila qiuming c.eng 475 Atkinson Dr Suite 704HonoluluHI 96814USA New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology SocorroNM 87801USA Idaho State University PocatelloID 83209USA Geochronology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyKeyworthNottingham NG125GGUK Queen’s University Department of Geological Sciences and Geological EngineeringKingstonOntario K7L 3N6Canada Sorbonne Université CNRSInstitut des Sciences de la Terre ParisParisFrance State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Numerous scientific fields are facing a replication crisis,where the results of a study often cannot be replicated when a new study uses independent *** issue has been particularly emphasized in psychology,health,and medicine,as incorrect results in these fields could have serious consequences,where lives might be at *** other fields have also highlighted significant replication problems,the Earth Sciences seem to be an *** paucity of Earth Science research aimed at understanding the replication crisis prompted this ***,this work aims to fill that gap by seeking to replicate geological results involving various types of *** identify and discuss 11 key variables for replicating U-Pb age distributions:independent data,global sampling,proxy data,data quality,disproportionate non-random sampling,stratigraphic bias,potential filtering bias,accuracy and precision,correlating time-series segments,testing assumptions and divergent analytical methods,and analytical *** while this work primarily focuses on U-Pb age distributions,most of these factors(or variations of them)also apply to other geoscience ***,some of the discussions involve time-series consisting ofεHf,δ18O-zircon,14c,10Be,marineδ13c,and marineδ*** then provide specific recommendations for minimizing adverse effects related to these factors,and in the process enhancing prospects for replicating geological results.

关键词： Replication crisis Replicability Independent data Global time-series Globality index Filtered data

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TiO_(2)@c catalyzed hydrogen storage performance of Mg-Ni-Y alloy with LPSO and ternary eutectic structure

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 767-778页

作者： Wenjie Song Wenhao Ma Shuai He Wei chen Jianghua Shen Dalin Sun qiuming Wei Xuebin Yu college of Mechanical and Electrical engineering Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’anShaanxi 710021China Department of Materials Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072China Department of Mechanical engineering&engineering Science the University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNorth Carolina 28223United States of America

A designed Mg_(88.7)Ni_(6.3)Y_(5)hydrogen storage alloy containing 14H type LPSO(long-period stacking ordered)and ternary eutectic structure was prepared by regulating the alloy composition and *** hydrogen storage performance of the alloy was improved by adding nano-flower-like TiO_(2)@c *** decomposition of the LPSO structure during hydrogenation led to the formation of plenty of nanocrystals which provided abundant interphase boundaries and activation *** nanoscale TiO_(2)@c catalyst was uniformly dispersed on the surface of alloy particles,and the"hydrogen overflow''effect of TiO_(2)@c accelerated the dissociation and diffusion of hydrogen on the surface of the alloy *** a result,the in-situ endogenous nanocrystals of the LPSO structure decomposition and the externally added flower-like TiO_(2)@c catalyst uniformly dispersed on the surface of the nanoparticles played a synergistic catalytic role in improving the hydrogen storage performance of the Mg-based *** the addition of the TiO_(2)@c catalyst,the beginning hydrogen desorption temperature was reduced to 200℃.Furthermore,the saturated hydrogen absorption capacity of the sample was 5.32 wt.%,and it reached 4.25 wt.%H_(2) in 1 min at 200℃and 30 bar.

关键词： Hydrogen storage Mg LPSO TiO_(2)@c Synergistic catalysis

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catalytic effects of V-and O-species derived from PrF_(3)/V_(2)c for efficient hydrogen storage in MgH_(2)

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7117-7125页

作者： Zhenluo Yuan Yuhang Wang Xiuxiu Zhang Shuyan Guan Xiaojiao Wang Liqiang Ji qiuming Peng Shumin Han Yanping Fan Baozhong Liu college of chemistry and chemical engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000China Henan Famous Diamond co. Ltd.Mengzhou 454763China School of chemical engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China collaborative Innovation center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is considered as an ideal hydrogen storage material with excellent hydrogen capacity,but the slow kinetics impedes its ***,an efficient additive of V2c MXene-anchored PrF_(3) nanoparticles(PrF_(3)/V_(2)c)was synthesized,which presents excellent catalytic effect in improving the reversibility and stability of hydrogen storage in MgH_(2).The initial dehydrogenation temperature of the 5 wt.% PrF_(3)/V_(2)c-containing MgH_(2)(182℃) is 105℃ lower than that of pure MgH_(2),and 6.5 wt.%hydrogen is rapidly released from 5 wt.%PrF_(3)/V_(2)c-added MgH_(2)sample in 6 min at 240℃.In addition,5 wt.%PrF_(3)/V_(2)c-containing MgH_(2) sample possesses outstanding reversible hydrogen storage capability of 6.5 wt.% after 10 cycles of dehydrogenation and *** analysis shows that the introduction of Pr improves the stability of V-species(V^(0)and V^(2+))and O-species(lattice oxygen(OL)and vacancy oxygen(OV))formed during ball milling,promotes the interaction between V-species and O-species,and enhances their reversibility,which contributes to the significant improvement in re/dehydrogenation reversibility and cycling stability of MgH_(2).This study provides effective ideas and strategies for the purpose of designing and fabricating high-efficient catalysts for solid-state hydrogen storage materials.

关键词： hydrogen storage materials MgH_(2) dehydrogenation reversibility cyclic stability

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美国对华科技的“灰色地带”竞争战略

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全球科技经济瞭望 2024年第4期39卷 38-44页

作者：韩秋明中国科学技术发展战略研究院北京100038

大国之间的“灰色地带”竞争日渐引发智库界、学术界和政策界的高度关注。经分析得出,美国对华科技“灰色地带”竞争存在3个特点,包括选择双方利益和能力不对称的领域作为切入点,违背科研规律和国际规范,呈现出从“I”到“c”再到“O”... 详细信息

大国之间的“灰色地带”竞争日渐引发智库界、学术界和政策界的高度关注。经分析得出,美国对华科技“灰色地带”竞争存在3个特点,包括选择双方利益和能力不对称的领域作为切入点,违背科研规律和国际规范,呈现出从“I”到“c”再到“O”的渐进性打压路径等。深入探讨美国对华科技“灰色地带”竞争的5个表现,包括控制关键科技产品对中国可用性,在关键地缘政治地点或重点领域开展竞争,在前沿领域展示科技力量,减少中国对关键矿产、海底光缆等重要科技资源的控制权,制造不利于中国科技发展的舆论环境等。最后提出加强科技预警、寻找与美国共同利益点加强合作、利用多边渠道主动发声,塑造有利舆论等思考。

关键词： “灰色地带” “灰色”竞争中美科技博弈科技预警

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加味四妙汤联合地塞米松治疗痛风性关节炎患者的效果

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中外医学研究 2024年第15期22卷 1-5页

作者：黄秋明厦门市中医院福建厦门361000

目的:探究加味四妙汤联合地塞米松治疗痛风性关节炎患者的临床效果。方法:回顾性选取2021年6月—2023年6月厦门市中医院收治的86例痛风性关节炎患者。根据治疗方案的不同将其分为单一组和联合组,各43例。两组均给予基础治疗,单一组给予... 详细信息

目的:探究加味四妙汤联合地塞米松治疗痛风性关节炎患者的临床效果。方法:回顾性选取2021年6月—2023年6月厦门市中医院收治的86例痛风性关节炎患者。根据治疗方案的不同将其分为单一组和联合组,各43例。两组均给予基础治疗,单一组给予地塞米松,联合组在单一组基础上给予加味四妙汤。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后中医症候积分、疼痛程度、实验室指标、炎症因子、免疫功能及不良反应。结果:联合组总有效率为90.70%,高于单一组的74.42%,差异有统计学意义(Pc反应蛋白(cRP)水平均低于治疗前,联合组血尿酸、血沉、cRP水平均低于单一组,差异有统计学意义(PcT)水平均低于治疗前,联合组IL-1β、TNF-α、PcT水平均低于单一组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:加味四妙汤联合地塞米松治疗痛风性关节炎的效果确切,可改善临床症状,减轻疼痛程度,抑制炎症反应,纠正免疫功能失衡状态,且具有一定安全性。

关键词：痛风性关节炎加味四妙汤地塞米松炎症免疫功能

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不同类型纤维增强混凝土的抗侵蚀性能研究

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水利技术监督 2024年第4期 152-155页

作者：张秋明广东大禹水利建设有限公司广东汕头515000

为研究不同类型纤维增强混凝土的抗侵蚀性能,研究了高性能混凝土(HPc)和高性能纤维增强混凝土(HPFRc)的抗侵蚀性能。试验根据ASTM c 1138水下法对混凝土的抗水冲蚀性能进行了评价。利用高压复合板磨损断口的SEM照片和WMP EcLIPSE试验机... 详细信息

为研究不同类型纤维增强混凝土的抗侵蚀性能,研究了高性能混凝土(HPc)和高性能纤维增强混凝土(HPFRc)的抗侵蚀性能。试验根据ASTM c 1138水下法对混凝土的抗水冲蚀性能进行了评价。利用高压复合板磨损断口的SEM照片和WMP EcLIPSE试验机对其磨损损伤深度进行了分析。结果表明,冲蚀磨损主要取决于水泥浆体-骨料和水泥浆体-纤维的接触区域。聚丙烯纤维的加入可提高HPc混凝土的耐磨性。研究结果对水工建筑物的抗侵蚀研究具有指导意义。

关键词：耐磨性纤维增强混凝土高性能混凝土混凝土磨损

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3D Free-Standing carbon Nanofibers Modified by Lithiophilic Metals Enabling Dendrite-Free Anodes for Li Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第3期6卷 373-384页

作者： Huifeng Zhuang Tengfei Zhang Hong Xiao Xiao Liang Fanchao Zhang Jianlin Deng qiuming Gao Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Supercomputer Research center of Advanced Materials Advanced Materials InstituteQilu University of TechnologyShandong Academy of SciencesJinan 250014China

Li metal with high-energy density is considered as the most promising anode for the next-generation rechargeable Li metal batteries;however,the growth of Li dendrites seriously hinders its practical ***,3D free-standing carbon nanofibers modified by lithiophilic metal particles(cNF/Me,Me=Sn,Fe,co)are obtained in situ by the electrospinning *** from the lithophilicity,the cNF/Me composite may effectively prevent the formation of Li dendrites in the Li metal *** optimized cNF/Sn–Li composite electrode exhibits a stable cycle life of over 2350 h during Li plating/*** matched with typical commercial LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cathode,the LFP//cNF/Sn–Li full cell presents a high initial discharge specific capacity of 139 mAh g^(−1)at 1 c,which remains at 146 mAh g^(−1)after 400 *** another state-of-the-art commercial LiNi_(0.8)co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NcM(811))cathode is used,the assembled NcM//cNF/Sn–Li full cell shows a large initial specific discharge capacity of 206 mAh g^(−1)at substantially enhanced 10 c,which keeps at the good capacity of 99 mAh g^(−1)after 300 *** results are greatly superior to the counterparts with Li as the anodes,indicating the great potential for practical utilization of the advanced cNF/Sn–Li electrode.

关键词： 3D free-standing carbon nanofibers dendrite-free anodes electrospinning method lithiophilic metal lithium metal batteries

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Research of Technique for Synthesizing carbonyl Diethyl Malonate

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2011年第3期16卷 271-276页

作者： GUI Houying DONG Liuyu ZHOU qiuming HU Xinming School of Sciences Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 Hubei China

Diethyl malonate being an initial raw material, processed with chlorination-replacement-desalination-vacuum rectification, is used to produce carbonyl diethyl malonate. An experiment for optimization determines that the best reaction condition was：（1 reaction for 7 h at 10 ℃ with mole-ratio being 2.4 ＂ 1 between chloride and raw material （diethyl malonate）; （2 reaction for 4.5 h at 118 ℃ with mole-ratio being 1.2 ： 1 between the anhydrous sodium acetate and intermediate I. The final product carbonyl diethyl rnalonate recovery ratio reaches up to as high as 79.12% with a purity of 96.4%, which meets the market requirement. This synthesis technique has the advantages of simple process, moderate reaction conditions, high yield and low cost, being suitable for industrial scale production.

关键词： diethyl malonate chlorination replacement desalination rectification carbonyl diethyl malonate

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catalytic effect of MOF-derived transition metal catalyst FecoS@c on hydrogen storage of magnesium

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第7期138卷 59-69页

作者： Yaokun Fu Lu Zhang Yuan Li Sanyang Guo Zhichao Yu Wenfeng Wang Kailiang Ren qiuming Peng Shumin Han State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied chemistry School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

The introduction of the heterogeneous catalysts with high activity can significantly improve hydrogen storage performance of MgH_(2),therefore,in this paper,we synthesize a carbon-supported transition metal compound,FecoS@c derivative from ZIF-67,by utilizing the in situ formed c dispersive multiphase Mg_(2)co,α-Fe,co_(3)Fe_(7),and MgS to implement catalysis to MgH_(2).Noteworthily,MgH_(2)-FecoS@c rapidly ab-sorbs 6.78 wt%H_(2)within 60 s at 573 K and can also absorb 4.56 wt%H_(2)in 900 s at 473 ***,the addition of FecoS@c results in decreasing of the initial dehydrogenation temperatures of MgH_(2)from 620 to 550 *** dehydrogenation activation energy of MgH_(2)decreases from 160.7 to 91.9 kJ mol^(-1).Studies show that the Mg_(2)co,α-Fe,and co_(3)Fe_(7)act as“hydrogen channels”to accelerate hydrogen transfer due to the presence of transition metals,and MgS with excellent catalytic effect formed from MgH_(2)-FecoS@c provides a strong and stable catalytic ***,the carbon skeleton obtained by the carbonization of ZIF-67 not only serves as a dispersion for the multiphase catalytic system,but also provides more active sites for the *** study shows that the multiphase and multiscale catalytic system provides an effective strategy for improving the hydrogen storage performance of MgH_(2).

关键词： Hydrogen storage material Magnesium hydride Heterogeneous catalyst Synergistic catalytic MOF materials

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基于环介导等温扩增微流控芯片技术快速检测蚊媒携带登革病毒方法的建立

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中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 2024年第2期42卷 234-241页

作者：姜宁白洁李平单文琪周秋明董昊炜袁浩陶峰李翔宇马雅军彭恒上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院上海200093 中国人民解放军海军军医大学基础医学院病原生物学教研室上海200433 海口市疾病预防控制中心海南海口571100 中国人民解放军海军军医大学海医系上海200433

目的建立一种基于环介导等温扩增(LAMP)微流控芯片技术的快速检测蚊媒携带登革病毒的方法。方法根据登革病毒衣壳蛋白(c)、前膜蛋白(prM)和非结构蛋白2A(NS2A)基因片段构建pUc-GWAmp-cprM和pUc-GW-Amp-NS2A质粒,设计多组环介导等温扩增... 详细信息

目的建立一种基于环介导等温扩增(LAMP)微流控芯片技术的快速检测蚊媒携带登革病毒的方法。方法根据登革病毒衣壳蛋白(c)、前膜蛋白(prM)和非结构蛋白2A(NS2A)基因片段构建pUc-GWAmp-cprM和pUc-GW-Amp-NS2A质粒,设计多组环介导等温扩增特异性引物组。制备LAMP微流控芯片,以靶基因质粒、登革病毒核酸为模板进行检测,根据起峰时间、相对荧光单位、假阳性、重复实验稳定性、检测灵敏度等指标筛选最优引物组。用最优引物组分别检测埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊等主要登革热传播媒介和常见的致倦库蚊、中华按蚊、摇蚊的cDNA,并与寨卡病毒、流行性乙型脑炎病毒、恶性疟原虫、黄热病毒等常见蚊媒传播病原体进行交叉检测,评价LAMP法的特异性。评价LAMP法检测cprM和NS2A靶基因质粒的灵敏度,分别与PcR、实时荧光定量PcR(qPcR)检测结果进行比较。用登革病毒RNA与传播媒介埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊RNA分别以1∶10、1∶100和1∶1000混合,模拟媒介携带登革病毒的样品进行LAMP微流控芯片检测。对采集自宁德市三都岛、西安市、上海朱家角、长兴岛和五角场等5地的白纹伊蚊的cDNA进行检测。结果引物组筛选结果显示,cprMG2和NS2AG1引物组起峰时间早,相对荧光单位高,灵敏度最高,为最优引物组。cprMG2引物组可检测浓度低至10-6 ng/μl的pUc-GW-Amp-cprM质粒,最低检测限为1.3×10^(3)拷贝;NS2AG1引物组可检测浓度低至10-9 ng/μl的pUc-GW-Amp-NS2A质粒,最低检测限为1拷贝。最优引物组cprMG2、NS2AG1对埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊、中华按蚊、致倦库蚊、摇蚊等蚊虫cDNA无非特异性扩增,与寨卡病毒、流行性乙型脑炎病毒、恶性疟原虫、黄热病毒核酸无交叉反应。LAMP微流控芯片检测cprM靶基因的最低检测限为1.3×10^(3)拷贝,较PcR检测的最低检测限(1.3×10^(4)拷贝)高1个数量级;LAMP微流控芯片检测cprM和NS2A靶基因的最低检测限分别为1.3×10^(3)拷贝、1拷贝,与qPcR检测的最低检测限(1.3×10^(3)拷贝、1拷贝)相当。LAMP微流控芯片检测模拟现场样品的结果显示,cprMG2可检出与埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊RNA 1∶10、1∶100和1∶1000混合的登革病毒RNA,NS2AG1最低可检出1∶100混合的登革病毒,特异性均为100%。LAMP微流控芯片检测5地现场采集白纹伊蚊的结果均为阴性。结论建立了基于LAMP微流控芯片检测登革病毒的方法,该法敏感性和特异性高,检测时间短,可用于现场蚊媒携带登革病毒的检测。

关键词：登革病毒蚊虫环介导等温扩增微流控芯片现场检测技术

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